【摘要】：人類從開始的雜居、雜婚到后來的同姓不婚經(jīng)歷了一個漫長的歷史文化過程。這個過程背后更多地代表人類不斷地向文明靠近或者走向文明。由于親情以及后代健康等多方面的影響,人們開始以為或者清楚地認識到,一家人是不能結(jié)婚的。而且這種觀念不但作為一種思想,更實實在在地成為一種規(guī)則,不僅是封建時代某個官方的法律,更是一種傳統(tǒng)的民間力量或者民間規(guī)則,其影響直到現(xiàn)在。 同姓不婚作為一種民間規(guī)則,一直有效地影響著湘西廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)。然而隨著經(jīng)濟、現(xiàn)代法律制度、文化等各方面因素的不斷滲入,同姓不婚在某個時期的特定絕對社會地位已不復(fù)存在。即便如此,不論是作為一種現(xiàn)代民間規(guī)則,還是一種觀念思想,同姓不婚制度都不同層面地左右著農(nóng)村地區(qū)的廣大民眾的行為抉擇,成為衡量婚姻問題的一個不容忽視的門檻。無論是上一代的他們,還是這一代的我們,無不在邊緣的思想中掙扎或掙扎著。 本研究主要依托于湘西漢族農(nóng)村地區(qū)存在的婚姻民間制度,分析同姓不婚存在的維系力量。主要有四個研究內(nèi)容或者問題：首先,傳統(tǒng)文化如何維系民間規(guī)則,傳統(tǒng)在維系民間規(guī)則的過程中面臨怎樣的社會抉擇。其次是,如何看待民間規(guī)則本身所具有的地域性特點,即地域于民間規(guī)則發(fā)揮著怎樣的作用。第三是,長老在這樣的小社會中發(fā)揮著怎樣的角色,這樣的角色如何維系民間規(guī)則。第四是,人言在農(nóng)村地區(qū)的影響力。同時通過調(diào)研分析,受同姓不婚民間規(guī)則影響的人們?nèi)绾巫龀鲞x擇,以及人們在做出選擇時所面臨的問題以及內(nèi)心的想法。 本研究結(jié)合了當(dāng)前的社會背景,主要研究在特定轉(zhuǎn)型期下的文化沖擊下,各種傳統(tǒng)的維系力量本身具有的掙扎痕跡的社會角色。試圖更好地通過調(diào)研資料以及文獻理論論述去解釋清楚所要表達的自我進化與社會變遷下的掙扎。在這種大背景與小社會文化沖突之間,個人以及社會群體本身的社會抉擇,也是我們考察的主要內(nèi)容。 文章通過分析,最后得出了自己的想法——社會抉擇理念。社會抉擇首先意味著,我們有得選擇；其次在有選擇的前提下,我們必須選擇；同時我們必須承擔(dān)選擇所帶來的抉擇代價。當(dāng)然社會抉擇理念有一個前提預(yù)設(shè),就是做出行為抉擇的人們不一定都是理性的。完全可能是情感和傳統(tǒng)下的行動,而且尤其是民間規(guī)則方面的抉擇,體現(xiàn)的是思維的習(xí)慣性,行為的懶散性、思想的滯后性。然而盡管我們的行為抉擇是非理性的,但是作為一種社會抉擇,我們必須有足夠的尊重。社會抉擇理念體現(xiàn)的是一種掙扎,在這個掙扎的過程中,有很多的社會元素值得我們考慮,然而由于其前提的不合理性,個人抉擇往往成為一種社會抉擇而趨向更多的統(tǒng)一性。而社會抉擇又成為一些人的個人抉擇,受到個人抉擇的深刻影響。所以對于社會抉擇,不管理性與否,都必須有基本的尊重與善待,尊重掙扎下的抉擇。
[Abstract]:Human beings from the inhabited, intermarried to the later surname have experienced a long historical and cultural process. This process is more representative of human beings to be closer to civilization or to civilization. Because of the influence of family and offspring health, people begin to think that the family can not be married. And this idea is not only a kind of thought, but also a kind of rule, not only an official law in feudal times, but also a traditional folk power or folk rule, and its influence is not until now.
The same surname, as a kind of folk rule, has been effectively affecting the vast rural areas of Xiangxi. However, with the continuous infiltration of economic, modern legal system, culture and other factors, the specific absolute social status of the same surname is no longer existing in a certain period. Even so, it is a modern folk rule, or one kind. The idea of ideas and the system of the same surname unmarried are all right and left to the behavior choices of the people in the rural areas, which can not be ignored. Whether they are the last generation or the generation, we are struggling or struggling in the edge of the thought.
This study mainly relies on the marriage and folk system existing in the rural areas of the Han nationality in Xiangxi, and analyzes the strength of the maintenance of the existence of the same surname. There are four main contents or problems: first, how to maintain the folk rules by traditional culture and how to choose the social choice in the process of maintaining the folk rules. Secondly, how to look at the folk The regional characteristics of the rule itself, that is, how the region plays the role of the folk rules. Third, how the elders play the role in such a small society, and how to maintain the folk rules such roles. Fourth, the influence of people in the rural areas. How people make choices and the problems people face when making choices and their inner thoughts.
This study, combined with the current social background, mainly studies the social role of the traditional struggle force itself under the cultural impact of a specific transition period, trying to explain the struggles of self evolution and social change to be clearly expressed through the research materials and the literature theory. The social choices of individuals and social groups are also the main contents of our investigation.
Through analysis, the article finally draws the idea of social choice. Social choice first means that we have a choice; secondly, we have to choose under the premise of choice; at the same time we must bear the choice cost. Of course, the idea of social choice has a precondition, that is to make a decision. The choice of people is not necessarily rational. It is entirely possible that emotional and traditional action, and especially the choice of folk rules, embodies the habit of thinking, the laziness of behavior, and the lag of thought. However, although our choice of behavior is irrational, we must have enough respect as a social choice. The concept of social choice reflects a struggle. In the process of this struggle, there are many social elements worth considering. However, because of the irrational premise, personal choice tends to become a social choice and tends to be more unified. The social choice is also a personal choice for some people and is deeply influenced by personal choices. Therefore, for social choice, non management or not, we must have basic respect and kindness, and respect the struggle to make decisions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.13

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