大眾傳媒視野下性別文化的社會學分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-27 13:40
【摘要】：性別文化在二十世紀七十年代以后,隨著女權主義發(fā)展提出的一個概念,為性別社會學存在奠定理論基礎。當今社會,越來越多的學者在探討兩性話題,兩性話題正逐漸走進課堂,走進大眾,性別文化已成為社會學研究的重要內(nèi)容之一。當今,中國正處于社會價值觀念不斷更新的時期,女性在社會地位、社會權利等方面都發(fā)生很大變化。雖然和以前相比,女性社會地位有了很大提高,但是以男性為中心的社會格局仍然沒有改變。男優(yōu)女劣、男尊女卑的傳統(tǒng)角色的定型還是深深的植根于人們的思想意識中。這種落后的性別文化意識無疑加深了人們對傳統(tǒng)的性別文化意識；阻礙先進性別文化的發(fā)展；影響人們建立正確的性別文化意識觀；阻礙兩性的平等、和諧發(fā)展；最終,直接影響著社會的和諧發(fā)展。而大眾傳媒是性別文化的重要傳播媒介和性別社會化的重要場所。 本文通過分析革命戰(zhàn)爭年代起性別文化在我國的發(fā)展進程,基于社會學中的性別社會化,性別分層和性別文化等理論,運用內(nèi)容分析、文獻分析、典型文學形象分析等方法對改革開放后大眾傳媒(電視,小說,雜志等)中出現(xiàn)的女性角色、方式、頻率、環(huán)境等因素,并與男性角色進行比較,分析我國性別文化的變遷以及在這個變遷過程中,性別文化對我國社會經(jīng)濟文化的發(fā)展起到的促進作用,同時探討在主流文化中性別文化發(fā)展的特點及意義。 在文章中,筆者首先將大眾傳媒中的女性形象劃分為不同時期,通過不同時期的縱向?qū)Ρ群屯瑫r期不同層面的橫向分析,研究了在大眾傳媒中存在性別歧視等問題。大眾傳媒中的性別歧視、性別不平等現(xiàn)象,主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：首先,家庭中女性形象塑造上的歧視；其次,職場女性形象的塑造上的歧視；最后,廣告中存在的消費女性現(xiàn)象。在接下來的部分,筆者運用社會學的父權主義理論、女權主義理論以及性別分層理論,對女性的性別歧視問題進行了詳細的解釋與說明,同時,筆者也分析了性別歧視的負功能,主要包括：不利于未成年人的教育；不利于社會文化規(guī)范的形成；不利于整體國民的教育水平的提高。 在此分析的基礎上,筆者針對現(xiàn)存的性別不平等問題提出解決的方法,包括如何構建先進性別文化。首先,要遵循構建先進性別文化原則,形成有利于先進性別文化構建的國民意識。其次,注重構建先進性別文化方式,要構建有利于先進性別文化形成的家庭環(huán)境,教育環(huán)境以及社會環(huán)境。最后,要構建促進先進性別文化傳播的大眾傳媒機制,發(fā)揮大眾傳媒的重要載體作用,還要注意市場經(jīng)濟對大眾傳媒機制形成的沖擊,構建合理的大眾傳媒機制。最后本文得出結(jié)論,大眾傳媒中雖然先進性別文化發(fā)展越來越好,但落后性別文化仍然存在,性別歧視與性別不平等仍有發(fā)生。所以,需要對大眾傳媒進行規(guī)范,對傳播的內(nèi)容,傳媒工作者的性別文化觀,以及傳媒市場這三個部分規(guī)范。并嘗試著提出建議,在規(guī)范的過程中,政府要對大眾傳媒給予指導,對網(wǎng)絡媒體進行檢查,還要增加女性在大眾傳媒中任職比例,提高女性在大眾傳媒中的地位,讓女性在大眾傳媒中增加話語權。 本文的創(chuàng)新點是從社會學的角度,運用社會學中的女性主義理論,父權主義理論以及性別分層理論,對大眾傳媒下的性別文化進行分析,對存在的性別歧視與性別不平等的問題進行剖析和解釋。本文還從橫向和縱向兩個層面對大眾傳媒中的女性典型形象進行分析,這是與以往的社會性別研究的不同之處。
[Abstract]:After the 1970s, with the concept of feminism, gender culture laid a theoretical foundation for the existence of gender sociology. Nowadays, more and more scholars are discussing the topic of gender. The topic of sex is gradually entering the classroom and entering the public. Sex culture has become one of the important contents of the study of Sociology. Today, China is in a period of constant renewal of social values. Women have changed a lot in social status and social rights. Although compared with the former, women's social status has been greatly improved, but the social pattern of male centered is still unchanged. The stereotype of the traditional role of men and women is still deep. Deeply rooted in people's ideological consciousness, this backward gender culture consciousness undoubtedly deepens people's awareness of the traditional sex culture, hinders the development of advanced gender culture, affects people to establish a correct gender culture consciousness, hinders the equality and harmonious development of the sexes, and ultimately affects the harmonious development of the society. Mass media is an important medium for gender culture and an important place for gender socialization.
By analyzing the development process of gender culture in our country from the age of revolutionary war, based on the theory of gender socialization, gender stratification and gender culture in sociology, using content analysis, literature analysis, and typical literature image analysis, the female role in the mass media (TV, novels, magazines and so on) after the reform and opening up is made. In comparison with the male role, the changes of gender culture in China and the promotion of gender culture on the development of social and economic culture in China are analyzed and the characteristics and significance of the development of gender culture in the mainstream culture are also discussed.
In this article, the author first divides the female image in the mass media into different periods, and studies the gender discrimination in the mass media through the longitudinal contrast of different periods and the horizontal analysis at different levels in the same period. The gender discrimination and gender inequality in the mass media are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, discrimination on the image of women in the family; secondly, discrimination on the image of women in the workplace; finally, the phenomenon of consumer women in the advertisement. In the next part, the author uses sociological patriarchy theory, feminist theory and gender stratification theory to make a detailed study of gender discrimination in women. At the same time, the author also analyzes the negative functions of gender discrimination, including: not conducive to the education of minors; it is not conducive to the formation of social and cultural norms; it is not conducive to the improvement of the education level of the whole nation.
On the basis of this analysis, the author puts forward a solution to the existing gender inequality, including how to construct advanced gender culture. First, we should follow the principle of building advanced gender culture and form a national consciousness which is conducive to the construction of advanced gender culture. Secondly, the construction of advanced gender culture should be built to facilitate the advancement of sex culture. In the end, we should build a mass media mechanism to promote the spread of advanced sex culture, play an important role in the mass media, and pay attention to the impact of the market economy on the mass media mechanism, and build a reasonable mass media mechanism. Finally, the conclusion is that the mass media will be transmitted to the public. Although the development of advanced sex culture is getting better and better, the backward sex culture still exists, and sex discrimination and gender inequality still occur. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the mass media, the content of the communication, the gender culture view of the media workers, and the media market, and try to make some suggestions on the standard. In the process, the government should give guidance to the mass media, examine the network media, increase the proportion of women in the mass media, improve the status of women in the mass media, and let women increase the right to speak in the mass media.
The innovation point of this article is from the perspective of sociology, using feminist theory, patriarchism and gender stratification in sociology, analyzing the gender culture under the mass media, analyzing and explaining the existing problems of gender discrimination and gender inequality. This article also faces the mass media from two horizontally and vertical layers. The analysis of typical female images is different from previous gender studies.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.68
本文編號：2148008
[Abstract]:After the 1970s, with the concept of feminism, gender culture laid a theoretical foundation for the existence of gender sociology. Nowadays, more and more scholars are discussing the topic of gender. The topic of sex is gradually entering the classroom and entering the public. Sex culture has become one of the important contents of the study of Sociology. Today, China is in a period of constant renewal of social values. Women have changed a lot in social status and social rights. Although compared with the former, women's social status has been greatly improved, but the social pattern of male centered is still unchanged. The stereotype of the traditional role of men and women is still deep. Deeply rooted in people's ideological consciousness, this backward gender culture consciousness undoubtedly deepens people's awareness of the traditional sex culture, hinders the development of advanced gender culture, affects people to establish a correct gender culture consciousness, hinders the equality and harmonious development of the sexes, and ultimately affects the harmonious development of the society. Mass media is an important medium for gender culture and an important place for gender socialization.
By analyzing the development process of gender culture in our country from the age of revolutionary war, based on the theory of gender socialization, gender stratification and gender culture in sociology, using content analysis, literature analysis, and typical literature image analysis, the female role in the mass media (TV, novels, magazines and so on) after the reform and opening up is made. In comparison with the male role, the changes of gender culture in China and the promotion of gender culture on the development of social and economic culture in China are analyzed and the characteristics and significance of the development of gender culture in the mainstream culture are also discussed.
In this article, the author first divides the female image in the mass media into different periods, and studies the gender discrimination in the mass media through the longitudinal contrast of different periods and the horizontal analysis at different levels in the same period. The gender discrimination and gender inequality in the mass media are mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, discrimination on the image of women in the family; secondly, discrimination on the image of women in the workplace; finally, the phenomenon of consumer women in the advertisement. In the next part, the author uses sociological patriarchy theory, feminist theory and gender stratification theory to make a detailed study of gender discrimination in women. At the same time, the author also analyzes the negative functions of gender discrimination, including: not conducive to the education of minors; it is not conducive to the formation of social and cultural norms; it is not conducive to the improvement of the education level of the whole nation.
On the basis of this analysis, the author puts forward a solution to the existing gender inequality, including how to construct advanced gender culture. First, we should follow the principle of building advanced gender culture and form a national consciousness which is conducive to the construction of advanced gender culture. Secondly, the construction of advanced gender culture should be built to facilitate the advancement of sex culture. In the end, we should build a mass media mechanism to promote the spread of advanced sex culture, play an important role in the mass media, and pay attention to the impact of the market economy on the mass media mechanism, and build a reasonable mass media mechanism. Finally, the conclusion is that the mass media will be transmitted to the public. Although the development of advanced sex culture is getting better and better, the backward sex culture still exists, and sex discrimination and gender inequality still occur. Therefore, it is necessary to standardize the mass media, the content of the communication, the gender culture view of the media workers, and the media market, and try to make some suggestions on the standard. In the process, the government should give guidance to the mass media, examine the network media, increase the proportion of women in the mass media, improve the status of women in the mass media, and let women increase the right to speak in the mass media.
The innovation point of this article is from the perspective of sociology, using feminist theory, patriarchism and gender stratification in sociology, analyzing the gender culture under the mass media, analyzing and explaining the existing problems of gender discrimination and gender inequality. This article also faces the mass media from two horizontally and vertical layers. The analysis of typical female images is different from previous gender studies.
【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.68
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前2條
1 顧冬梅;網(wǎng)絡傳播:性別仍未平等[J];傳媒觀察;2005年02期
2 沈美華;傳媒工作者社會性別觀念和行為取向調(diào)查及對策的戰(zhàn)略思考[J];婦女研究論叢;2002年02期
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