【摘要】：以往對戶籍“農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非”的研究中,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)難以解釋的問題：農(nóng)村女性在各條農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非獲取渠道都劣于農(nóng)村男性的前提下,其農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非機(jī)率卻并不比農(nóng)村男性低,甚至在同等條件下,還高于農(nóng)村男性。筆者認(rèn)為,這主要是由于以往農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非研究中并沒有關(guān)注到女性的另一條獨(dú)特的農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非途徑——婚姻,是它造成了農(nóng)村女性農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非優(yōu)勢的增加。借鑒婚姻匹配和婚姻遷移研究中的相關(guān)理論,筆者提出,婚姻市場中的向上求偶趨勢和地位交換關(guān)系是促成這一行動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的根源,并詳細(xì)闡釋了這一行動(dòng)背后兩性間各自的交換邏輯；同時(shí),采用2003年全國綜合調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和1996年當(dāng)代中國生活史與社會變遷數(shù)據(jù),筆者還對這一解釋機(jī)制進(jìn)行了經(jīng)驗(yàn)考證。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),婚姻確實(shí)是農(nóng)村女性實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非的一條獨(dú)特途徑,它顯著地增加了女性的農(nóng)轉(zhuǎn)非優(yōu)勢,這一發(fā)現(xiàn)不但有效地回答了以往研究中無法解釋的問題,也拓展了婚姻市場中的理論對中國城鄉(xiāng)戶籍流動(dòng)的解釋作用。
[Abstract]:In the past studies on the household registration of "agricultural conversion", there is a problem that is difficult to explain: rural women are inferior to rural men in the access to rural non-employment, but the probability of agricultural conversion is not lower than that of rural men. Even under the same conditions, it is higher than the rural male. In my opinion, this is mainly due to the fact that the previous studies on agricultural conversion did not pay attention to another unique way of rural transformation, that is, marriage, which resulted in the increase of rural women's advantage in agricultural conversion. Based on the relevant theories of marriage matching and marriage transfer, the author proposes that the upward trend of courtship and the exchange of status in marriage market are the root causes of this action. At the same time, by using the data of the 2003 National Comprehensive Survey and the data of Contemporary Chinese Life History and Social change in 1996, the author also makes an empirical study of this explanation mechanism. The results show that marriage is indeed a unique way for rural women to turn from farming to non-employment, and it significantly increases the advantages of rural women. This finding not only effectively answers the unexplained questions in previous studies, It also expands the theory of marriage market to explain the flow of urban and rural household registration in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.13

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