【摘要】：當前中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型的分析框架有西方現(xiàn)代化理論和馬克思的三大社會形態(tài)理論兩種，社會轉(zhuǎn)型既是社會結(jié)構(gòu)由傳統(tǒng)型向現(xiàn)代型的全面轉(zhuǎn)型，也是人的依賴性向以物的依賴性為基礎(chǔ)的人的獨立性的轉(zhuǎn)型。處于復雜、多變的轉(zhuǎn)型期中的社會陷入傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的交織，個體則面臨變革與守護的考驗。其中，社會管理方式中的單位制與戶籍制在社會轉(zhuǎn)型期的變革給個體身份的確認帶來了不確定性焦慮，辨認“我是誰”的重要依據(jù)受到影響，同時，網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間的迅猛發(fā)展又將個體的“自我”推向由于虛擬世界與現(xiàn)實世界的分離造成的分裂困境。 個體自我認同是個體對“我是誰”的回答，應(yīng)當從個體自我意識、個體自我評價活動及其機制以及認同體驗的獲得等各方面整體把握其內(nèi)涵，并同時意識到自我認同在個體層面與社會層面的不同側(cè)重，即在個體層面表現(xiàn)為個體對自身的理性確認，在社會層面則表現(xiàn)為個體對社會價值等方面的內(nèi)化。因而就一定程度而言，個體自我認同是更具特點、更富有內(nèi)涵的一個整體，，是在個體社會意義的確認與社會情感的生成得到共同實現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上形成的。換句話說，自我認同就是個體社會歸屬感的實現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)為個體保持獨立自主，積極參與社會變革。 在社會轉(zhuǎn)型中重塑個體自我認同，個體自身能力的增強與社會發(fā)展方式的相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換都尤為重要。這兩個方面具體表現(xiàn)為建構(gòu)自我意識覺醒、主體性確立的反思性的個體；調(diào)整生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展路徑、引領(lǐng)社會價值觀念和倡導合理的社會生活方式等。尊重個體間的差異，并深刻意識到任何個體都無法脫離社會而存在，將為形成個體與社會之間的良好互動提供可能，從而實現(xiàn)個體在社會中“安身立命”，獲得社會歸屬感的目的。 重視個體自我認同的實現(xiàn)在塑造反思性的個體，從而在個體與社會的互動中將經(jīng)過重新確認和確立的價值或期望內(nèi)化并反映到個體行為中的意義，能夠有效應(yīng)對社會轉(zhuǎn)型的困境，促進社會主義和諧社會的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:At present, there are two kinds of analytical framework of social transformation in China: Western modernization theory and Marx's three social formation theories. Social transformation is not only a comprehensive transformation of social structure from traditional to modern. It is also the transition from the dependence of man to the independence of man on the basis of material dependence. The society in the complex and changeable transition period is intertwined with tradition and modernity, while the individual faces the test of change and protection. Among them, the transformation of unit system and household registration system in the social management mode in the social transition period brings uncertainty anxiety to the identification of individual identity, and the important basis for identifying "who I am" is affected, at the same time, With the rapid development of cyberspace, the "self" of the individual is pushed to the break-up dilemma caused by the separation of the virtual world and the real world. Individual self-identity is the individual's answer to "who I am", which should be grasped from the aspects of individual self-consciousness, individual self-evaluation activity and its mechanism, and the acquisition of identity experience. At the same time, it realizes the different emphasis of self-identity on the individual level and the social level, that is, the individual's rational confirmation of himself at the individual level, and the internalization of the individual's social value on the social level. Therefore, to a certain extent, individual self-identity is a whole with more characteristics and connotation, which is formed on the basis of the recognition of individual social meaning and the formation of social emotion. In other words, self-identity is the realization of an individual's sense of belonging. It is very important to reshape individual self-identity, to enhance individual ability and to change social development mode in social transformation. These two aspects are embodied in the construction of self-consciousness awakening, the establishment of subjective reflexive individuals, the adjustment of the path of productive forces development, the guidance of social values and the advocacy of a reasonable social way of life, and so on. Respecting the differences among individuals and being aware that no individual can exist without society will provide the possibility for good interaction between individuals and society, thereby realizing the "security" of individuals in society, The purpose of gaining a sense of belonging in society. Attaching importance to the realization of individual self-identity in shaping the reflective individual, thus internalizing the values or expectations that have been reconfirmed and established in the interaction between the individual and society and reflecting the significance of the individual's behavior, Can effectively deal with the plight of social transformation and promote the construction of a harmonious socialist society.
【學位授予單位】：上海大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C912.1

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