【摘要】：隨著老齡化社會(huì)的來(lái)臨,老年人的身體狀況和生活質(zhì)量的日益受到關(guān)注,與此同時(shí),為了更好的應(yīng)對(duì)老齡化帶來(lái)的各種社會(huì)問(wèn)題,幫助老年人度過(guò)一個(gè)幸福的晚年,社會(huì)各界對(duì)老年人的精神狀況也愈加重視。抑郁癥是老年人常見(jiàn)的精神疾病,要緩解老年抑郁癥患者的癥狀,需要全面的關(guān)注其存在的問(wèn)題,不僅僅集中在精神層面和身體層面,更要關(guān)注老年抑郁癥患者的社會(huì)融入問(wèn)題。通過(guò)研究現(xiàn)有的文獻(xiàn)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在現(xiàn)階段,大部分的專(zhuān)家學(xué)者對(duì)抑郁癥的研究主要集中在抑郁癥診斷、病因、老年抑郁癥臨床特征以及治療護(hù)理等方面。關(guān)于社會(huì)工作介入老年抑郁癥的研究是少之又少。特別是針對(duì)老年抑郁癥精神層面和社會(huì)融入方面的研究更少。在為數(shù)不多的研究文獻(xiàn)中,都是從宏觀的角度看待社會(huì)工作對(duì)于老年抑郁癥的介入,只是提出了社會(huì)工作的模式和一些工作方法。并沒(méi)有去深入分析直接服務(wù)在改善老年抑郁癥患者情況中的具體操作及效果。每位老年抑郁癥患者面臨的情況不同,表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的問(wèn)題也不同,因而在運(yùn)用社會(huì)工作的方法對(duì)老年抑郁癥患者進(jìn)行介入的時(shí)候,需要靈活地運(yùn)用社會(huì)工作的技巧,分析其實(shí)際情況,制定針對(duì)性的服務(wù)方法。通過(guò)查閱文獻(xiàn)資料、參與觀察、個(gè)案訪談,分析影響老年抑郁癥患者的原因并結(jié)合自身直接服務(wù)工作的經(jīng)驗(yàn)制定出相應(yīng)的服務(wù)計(jì)劃。然后以個(gè)案的方式對(duì)老年抑郁癥患者進(jìn)行介入。本文以北京市西城區(qū)某社區(qū)的某老人為例,通過(guò)個(gè)案社會(huì)工作的方法介入來(lái)改變案主的情況。筆者把緩解案主情緒,增強(qiáng)案主的信心,改善案主的人際關(guān)系,發(fā)掘案主自身優(yōu)勢(shì)資源,建立案主的社會(huì)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò),最終協(xié)助案主融入正常社會(huì)生活作為目標(biāo)。通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),對(duì)于老年抑郁癥患者情況的改善,家庭、朋輩群體、社會(huì)的支持起著至關(guān)重要的作用。因而在運(yùn)用個(gè)案工作介入老年抑郁癥患者的過(guò)程中必須發(fā)揮社會(huì)支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)的作用,并為缺乏支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)的抑郁癥患者建立支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在實(shí)際開(kāi)展工作的過(guò)程中,要把個(gè)案工作與家庭社會(huì)工作以及小組工作相結(jié)合,最大限度的為老年抑郁癥患者提供全方位、多角度的圍觀微觀服務(wù)。在以此為老年社會(huì)工作者提供一些借鑒和參考,為政府制定相關(guān)老年政策措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the advent of an aging society, the physical condition and quality of life of the elderly are receiving more and more attention. At the same time, in order to better deal with the various social problems brought by the aging, the elderly will be helped through a happy old age. People from all walks of life pay more and more attention to the mental condition of the elderly. Depression is a common mental disease in the elderly. In order to alleviate the symptoms of the elderly patients with depression, we need to pay attention to its existing problems, not only in the mental and physical level. We should pay more attention to the social integration of the elderly patients with depression. Through the study of the existing literature, it can be found that at this stage, the majority of experts and scholars mainly focus on the diagnosis of depression, etiology, clinical characteristics of depression in the elderly, as well as treatment and nursing. Research on social work intervention in elderly depression is rare. In particular, less research has been done on the mental and social integration aspects of depression in the elderly. In the few research literatures, the intervention of social work in senile depression is viewed from a macro perspective, but the mode of social work and some working methods are proposed. The operation and effect of direct service in improving elderly patients with depression were not analyzed in depth. Each elderly depression patient faces different situations and presents different problems. Therefore, when using social work to intervene in elderly depression patients, we need to use social work skills flexibly. Analysis of its actual situation, the development of targeted service methods. Through consulting literature, participating in observation, case interview, analyzing the causes of affecting elderly patients with depression and combining their own experience of direct service work to formulate the corresponding service plan. Then the elderly depression patients were involved in a case study. This paper takes an old man in a community in Xicheng District of Beijing as an example to change the situation of the victim by the method of individual social work. The author regards it as the goal to alleviate the victim's emotion, enhance his confidence, improve his interpersonal relationship, discover his own superior resources, establish his social support network, and finally assist him to integrate into normal social life. It is found that it plays an important role in the improvement of elderly depression patients, family, peer group and social support. Therefore, it is necessary to play the role of social support network in the process of using case work to intervene in elderly patients with depression, and to establish a support network for depression patients who lack the support network. In the process of practical work, case work should be combined with family social work and group work to provide all-round, multi-angle and microscopic services to elderly patients with depression. In order to provide some reference for the elderly social workers and provide scientific basis for the government to formulate policies and measures related to the elderly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C913.6

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本文編號(hào)：2139094