【摘要】：在人口老齡化潮流下,為了提高老年人的生活質(zhì)量,我們需要關(guān)注老年人的休閑生活。西藏因?yàn)樘厥獾淖匀坏乩憝h(huán)境,蘊(yùn)育了獨(dú)特的民族文化。藏族老年人的閑暇時(shí)間如何度過?他們的休閑生活如何?這些都有待于我們研究。日喀則是一個(gè)極具特色的以藏族居民為主體的邊疆少數(shù)民族聚居區(qū)。為了研究藏族老年人休閑生活,我們以日喀則市為調(diào)查地,對日喀則市老年人休閑生活進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。 在調(diào)查中,本研究采用問卷調(diào)查法和訪談法相結(jié)合進(jìn)行資料收集。我們按照各個(gè)社區(qū)人數(shù)的多少,將日喀則市的居委會(huì)按人口數(shù)從多到少排列,采用整群抽樣法,抽出的4個(gè)社區(qū)60歲及以上的老年人口數(shù)為529人,構(gòu)成了此次研究的樣本。在測量指標(biāo)上,采用客觀指標(biāo)老年人休閑生活的內(nèi)容與頻率、主觀指標(biāo)休閑生活滿意度研究老年人的休閑生活狀況。對日喀則市老年人主要從事的29項(xiàng)休閑活動(dòng),采用因子分析,根據(jù)休閑技能不同將老年人休閑活動(dòng)分為一般消遣型活動(dòng)、娛樂技能型活動(dòng)、知識能力型活動(dòng)和文化信仰型活動(dòng)。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn),日喀則市老年人從事休閑活動(dòng)頻率呈金字塔型結(jié)構(gòu)。要求的技能水平越高,從事此類活動(dòng)的老年人越少。日喀則市老年人從事最頻繁的休閑活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目是文化信仰型活動(dòng),即轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)和念經(jīng)。其次是一般消遣型活動(dòng)、娛樂技能型活動(dòng)、知識能力型活動(dòng)。日喀則市老年人與其它地區(qū)或城市老年人休閑生活相比較既有共同之處,又有典型的藏族特征。和其它城市或地區(qū)老年人一樣,日喀則市老年人閑暇時(shí)間被看電視、散步等休閑活動(dòng)占據(jù)。同時(shí),日喀則市老年人閑暇時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)、念經(jīng)的比例非常高。 在不同類型休閑活動(dòng)的人群特征分布上,教育程度低和年齡較大的老年人多從事文化信仰型活動(dòng)。年齡較小的和收入層次低的老年人多從事一般消遣型活動(dòng)。具有豐富型活動(dòng)類型特征的老年人一般年齡較小,并且收入較高。 在日喀則市大部分老年人對休閑生活滿意,休閑生活滿意度較高。在日喀則市老年人內(nèi)心祥和寧靜,知足常樂。日喀則市老年人晚年休閑活動(dòng)從事地越多,其越可能對休閑生活表示滿意。從事休閑活動(dòng)量越大,老年人休閑生活滿意度越高�！爸挥猩顭o憂,老年人才能安享晚年”,經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況影響老年人休閑生活滿意度。收入越高,日喀則市老年人休閑生活滿意度越高。
[Abstract]:Under the trend of population aging, in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly, we need to pay attention to the leisure life of the elderly. Tibet has a unique national culture because of its special natural geographical environment. How do the Tibetan elderly spend their leisure time? How are their leisure lives? These are all subject to our study. Xigaze is a special ethnic minority area with Tibetan residents as the main body. In order to study the leisure life of the Tibetan elderly, we made an empirical analysis on the leisure life of the elderly in Xigaze City. In the investigation, this research adopts the questionnaire survey and the interview method to collect the data. According to the number of people in each community, the residents' committees of Xigaze City are arranged according to the number of population from more to less. By using cluster sampling method, 529 elderly people aged 60 and above in four communities are drawn, which constitute the sample of this study. The content and frequency of the elderly leisure life and the subjective index of leisure life satisfaction were used to study the leisure life status of the elderly. Based on factor analysis, 29 leisure activities of the elderly in Xigaze City were divided into general recreational activities, entertainment skills activities, knowledge and ability activities and cultural belief activities according to their leisure skills. The study found that the elderly engaged in leisure activities frequency pyramid structure. The higher the required level of skills, the fewer older people are engaged in such activities. The most frequent leisure activities for the elderly in Xigaze are cultural and faith-based activities, that is, conversion of classics and chanting of scriptures. Second is the general recreational activities, entertainment skills-based activities, knowledge-based activities. Compared with other regions or cities, the elderly in Xigaze City not only have common points, but also have typical Tibetan characteristics. As with other cities or regions, Xigaze elderly leisure time is occupied by watching TV, walking and other leisure activities. At the same time, Xigaze City elderly leisure time, chanting Meridian is very high. In the distribution of population characteristics of different types of leisure activities, the old people with low education level and older age were mostly engaged in cultural and faith-based activities. Older people with younger ages and lower income levels tend to engage in general recreational activities. Older people with rich activity types tend to be younger and have higher incomes. In Xigaze, most of the elderly people are satisfied with leisure life, and the satisfaction of leisure life is higher. In Xigaze City, the elderly heart peace and tranquillity, contentment. The more leisure activities the elderly in Xigaze City, the more likely they are to express their satisfaction with leisure life. The greater the amount of leisure activities engaged in, the higher the satisfaction with leisure life of the elderly. "only the elderly can enjoy their old age without worry," the economic situation affects their satisfaction with leisure life. The higher the income, the higher the satisfaction with leisure life of the elderly in Xigaze City.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.9

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