【摘要】：自我國進入老齡化社會以來,老年人的精神健康日益成為社會關(guān)注的熱點。抑郁癥是老年人疾病中最常見的精神疾病之一。我國社區(qū)老年人抑郁癥患病率6%～29.4%①。抑郁癥造成的各種社會功能失調(diào)嚴重影響著老年人的健康,特別對于那些有慢性疾病的老人,抑郁癥會導(dǎo)致他們臥床時間的延長,疾病導(dǎo)致殘疾的機率提高,并且因抑郁而導(dǎo)致自殺幾率的增加。抑郁癥不僅使患者忍受著折磨,對于家庭和社會來說也是沉重的負擔(dān)。因此老年抑郁癥患者的康復(fù)存在研究的必要性。 通過閱讀大量文獻,大多數(shù)專家學(xué)者從老年抑郁癥診斷、老年抑郁癥的致病因素、影響康復(fù)的心理因素以及抑郁癥的治療方法等角度出發(fā),得到了相應(yīng)的研究成果。這些研究大多從宏觀的定量角度出發(fā),利用真實有效的數(shù)據(jù)肯定了心理服務(wù)對老年抑郁癥康復(fù)的作用。但是專家學(xué)者們對社會工作如何介入抑郁癥康復(fù)的研究比較少。老年人不是獨立的,他是社會大群體中的一員。因而恢復(fù)社會功能,回歸正常社會生活是老年抑郁癥患者康復(fù)的最終目的。本研究中,筆者以抑郁癥患者ZQX為案主,從微觀層面出發(fā),詳細研究為老年抑郁癥患者提供社會工作服務(wù)時應(yīng)如何操作,運用怎樣的社會工作技巧. 在研究的初期,筆者利用破冰技巧與案主建立信任關(guān)系,確定案主與社工的專業(yè)關(guān)系。接著筆者通過搜集資料和深入的訪談,對案主的個人信息有了基本了解。初步評估確定案主面臨的主要問題之后,筆者制訂了從個人、家庭、社會支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)三個層次恢復(fù)案主社會功能的服務(wù)方案。最后對個案工作介入老年抑郁癥患者康復(fù)作出總結(jié)與反思。 本研究以危機介入理論、增權(quán)理論、社會支持理論為理論基礎(chǔ),以個案工作為手段,幫助老年抑郁癥患者消除因抑郁情緒造成的危機,并且發(fā)現(xiàn)自我優(yōu)勢,肯定自我價值。筆者運用社工專業(yè)技巧努力引導(dǎo)案主澄清心里想法,促成家庭成員形成良好的溝通,為患者的康復(fù)營造良好的家庭氛圍。同時良好的朋輩網(wǎng)絡(luò)也是患者康復(fù)的重要因素,因此筆者盡力為案主挖掘可利用的社區(qū)資源,擴大人際交流網(wǎng)絡(luò)。筆者通過參與觀察、個案訪談,并結(jié)合社會工作服務(wù)的經(jīng)驗制定出相應(yīng)的服務(wù)計劃。然后以建立關(guān)系、直接服務(wù)和結(jié)案評估三部分展現(xiàn)老年抑郁癥患者康復(fù)的社會工作介入,形成了危機介入模式、家庭治療模式和社會支持模式三種服務(wù)提供的方式。以此為老年精神康復(fù)工作者提供一些借鑒和參考。
[Abstract]:Since China entered the aging society, the mental health of the elderly has become the focus of attention. Depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the elderly. The prevalence rate of depression among the elderly in Chinese community is 29.41. All kinds of social disorders caused by depression seriously affect the health of the elderly. Especially for those with chronic diseases, depression can lead to prolonged bed-rest hours and an increased chance of disability caused by illness. And depression leads to an increase in suicide rates. Depression is a heavy burden not only for the patient, but also for the family and society. Therefore, it is necessary to study the rehabilitation of elderly patients with depression. Through reading a large number of literature, most experts and scholars from the diagnosis of depression in the elderly, the pathogenic factors of depression in the elderly, psychological factors affecting rehabilitation and the treatment of depression, and so on, obtained the corresponding research results. Most of these studies confirm the effect of psychological service on the rehabilitation of senile depression by using real and effective data from macroscopic quantitative point of view. But experts and scholars have done little research on how social work can intervene in the rehabilitation of depression. The old man is not independent. He is a member of a large group of society. Therefore, to restore social function and return to normal social life is the ultimate goal of rehabilitation of elderly patients with depression. In this study, the author takes the depression patient ZQX as the victim, from the microscopic level, studies in detail how to operate and how to use the social work skills when providing social work service for the elderly depression patients. At the beginning of the study, the author established the professional relationship between the victim and the social worker by using the ice-breaking technique to establish the trust relationship with the victim. Then the author through the collection of information and in-depth interviews, the owner of personal information has a basic understanding. After preliminary evaluation and identification of the main problems faced by the victim, the author worked out a service plan to restore the social function of the victim from three levels: individual, family and social support network. Finally, the rehabilitation of elderly depression patients involved in case work is summarized and reflected. Based on crisis intervention theory, empowerment theory, social support theory and case work, this study aims to help elderly patients with depression to eliminate the crisis caused by depression, and to find out their own advantages and to affirm their self-worth. The author used professional skills of social work to guide the victim to clarify his thoughts, promote the family members to form good communication, and create a good family atmosphere for the rehabilitation of patients. At the same time, a good peer network is also an important factor in patients' rehabilitation, so I try my best to tap the community resources available to the victim and expand the interpersonal communication network. The author made the corresponding service plan through the participation observation, the case interview, and the social work service experience. Then the three parts of relationship, direct service and closed evaluation show the rehabilitation of elderly depression patients social work intervention, forming a crisis intervention model, family treatment model and social support mode of three modes of service provision. In order to provide some reference for the elderly mental rehabilitation workers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C916;C913.6

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