本文選題：青少年 + 越軌行為　； 參考：《上海社會科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,青少年越軌行為逐漸增多且呈現(xiàn)低齡化的趨向。在青少年階段出現(xiàn)的越軌行為,對青少年自身的處境、他人對青少年的評判以及青少年未來的發(fā)展都有很大影響。探究青少年對自身越軌行為的解讀以及青少年越軌行為背后的影響因素對于進一步了解青少年越軌行為具有重要意義。文中的"越軌行為",主要指青少年在成長過程中由于無法適應(yīng)正常的學(xué)校和家庭生活而出現(xiàn)的對自身成長、家庭和社會造成阻礙的偏離常態(tài)的行為,具體包括逃學(xué)、打架、離家出走、偷竊等。研究采用參與式觀察、訪談以及問卷調(diào)查等方法,以上海市某所工讀學(xué)校的在讀學(xué)生為研究對象,旨在"傾聽"青少年對自身越軌行為的理解,嘗試以青少年的視角解讀越軌行為背后的意義,反映青少年內(nèi)部的聲音;同時,聚焦青少年越軌行為的影響因素,力圖呈現(xiàn)青少年越軌行為的過程性演變,探究主、客觀之間的相互作用,為改善青少年越軌行為的實踐提供參考。本文共分五章:第一章闡述研究問題。通過分析青少年越軌行為的趨勢以及當(dāng)前研究集中的主要方向,闡述本研究的背景、意義及主要問題。第二章是文獻綜述。主要對越軌行為的定義以及相關(guān)理論和研究進行梳理。包括社會失范、社會控制、社會學(xué)習(xí)、自我控制和一般壓力等理論及其相關(guān)研究;重在分析以往研究對青少年越軌行為的理解、相關(guān)影響因素以及介入策略等。第三章介紹本文的理論框架和主要研究方法。采用標(biāo)簽理論和一般壓力理論視角對青少年的越軌行為進行理解和分析。并通過問卷調(diào)查、參與式觀察和訪談收集收據(jù)。在上海某一工讀學(xué)校和上海某一普通中學(xué)選取存在越軌行為的13名青少年作為深入訪問對象,對這些青少年進行為期六個月的參與式觀察,并對學(xué)生家長和老師進行訪談。同時,在上海另2所工讀學(xué)校選取207名學(xué)生施以問卷調(diào)查,并與同期調(diào)查的普通學(xué)校學(xué)生進行比較;最后對訪談及數(shù)據(jù)資料加以整合和分析。第四章介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。其一,存在越軌行為的青少年,對于自身越軌行為的解讀與外界不一致,這些青少年更多地將越軌視為一種抗?fàn)幏绞交蛘邏毫︶尫诺耐緩?他們對未來的理解依據(jù)越軌程度的不同存在一定的差異。其二,家庭因素(對家庭的總體感受、吵架的程度、父親的學(xué)歷、家庭收入、主觀家庭經(jīng)濟地位)、朋輩因素(朋友數(shù)目、對朋輩越軌行為的態(tài)度)、學(xué)校因素(學(xué)習(xí)困難、在之前學(xué)校的能否參與班級活動、同學(xué)或老師的忽視)、自身因素為影響越軌行為的因素。其三,養(yǎng)育方式、親子關(guān)系、同輩影響、學(xué)校經(jīng)歷等單一因素大多不直接導(dǎo)致越軌行為的產(chǎn)生,而這些因素的累積效應(yīng)最終導(dǎo)致青少年出現(xiàn)越軌行為。其四,內(nèi)外因素存在交互作用。提升青少年自我控制(self-control)、心理彈性(resilience,亦可譯為"韌性"、"抗逆力"、"復(fù)原力"等),增強家庭、學(xué)校等社會支持效力以及建立良好的朋輩關(guān)系等,是減輕或阻斷越軌行為后續(xù)不利影響的關(guān)鍵策略。第五章結(jié)論與反思。對目前的研究進行總結(jié)和討論,探討青少年越軌行為背后的真正意義、相關(guān)青少年的未來發(fā)展以及能夠?qū)η嗌倌暝杰壭袨楫a(chǎn)生有利影響的方式和途徑。
[Abstract]:In recent years, juvenile deviant behavior has gradually increased and presents a trend of low age. The deviant behavior in the adolescent stage has a great influence on the young people's own situation, the judgment of the young people and the future development of young people. The ringing factor is of great significance for further understanding of juvenile deviant behavior. The "deviant behavior" in this article mainly refers to the deviant behavior of teenagers in the process of growing up, family and society, including playing truant, fighting and leaving home, because they are unable to adapt to normal school and family life in the process of growth. By means of participatory observation, interview and questionnaire investigation, the study aims to "listen" to the understanding of the deviant behavior of the teenagers in a work reading school in Shanghai, trying to interpret the meaning behind the deviant behavior from the perspective of teenagers and to reflect the voice of the teenagers; at the same time, focus on the youth. The influencing factors of deviant behavior in the year are trying to present the process evolution of juvenile deviant behavior, explore the interaction between the subjective and objective, and provide reference for improving the practice of juvenile deviant behavior. This article is divided into five chapters: the first chapter expounds the research issues. The trend of the juvenile delinquency and the main part of the current research concentration is analyzed. To explain the background, significance and main problems of this study. The second chapter is a literature review. It mainly deals with the definition of deviant behavior and related theories and studies, including social anomie, social control, social learning, self-control and general pressure, and its related studies. The emphasis is on the analysis of past Research on juvenile deviant behavior. Understanding, related factors and intervention strategies. The third chapter introduces the theoretical framework and main research methods of this article. It uses the label theory and the general pressure theory to understand and analyze the deviant behavior of young people. Through the questionnaire survey, participatory observation and interview collect the receipts. In a work school in Shanghai and Shanghai, A general secondary school selected 13 adolescents who had deviant behavior as an in-depth interview, conducted a six month participant observation and interviewed the parents and teachers of the students. At the same time, a questionnaire was selected by 207 students in 2 other school reading schools in Shanghai and compared with the ordinary school students who were investigated at the same time. The fourth chapter introduces the research discovery. First, the teenagers who have deviant behavior are not consistent with the outside world. These teenagers regard the deviance as a way of resistance or the way to release the pressure, and their understanding of the future is based on the deviant path. Second, family factors (the overall feelings of the family, the degree of the quarrel, the father's degree, the family income, the subjective family economic status), the peer factors (the number of friends, the attitude of the peer deviant to the peer), the school factors (learning difficulties, the ability to participate in the class activities before the school, the neglect of the students or teachers. " Self factors are the factors that affect deviant behavior. Thirdly, most of the single factors such as parenting style, parent-child relationship, peer influence, school experience and other factors do not directly result in deviant behavior, and the cumulative effects of these factors ultimately lead to juvenile deviant behavior. (self-control), mental resilience (resilience, can also be translated as "resilience", "resilience", "resilience", etc.), strengthening the social support effectiveness of families, schools and so on, is a key strategy to mitigate or block the subsequent adverse effects of deviant behavior. The fifth chapter conclusions and Reflections. The true meaning of young people's deviant behavior is related to the future development of adolescents and ways and means that can have beneficial effects on adolescent deviant behavior.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.5

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張林;劉q，

本文編號：2116882