本文選題：農(nóng)戶 + 生計安全　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)今,中國正處于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)型時期,民生問題成為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重點和難點。黨和政府從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革以及社會政策等多個層面推進(jìn)民生的改善。農(nóng)戶在經(jīng)受自然災(zāi)害、金融風(fēng)暴、生態(tài)惡化、市場風(fēng)險和突發(fā)事件的打擊時,其風(fēng)險抵御能力普遍降低并威脅著自身的生計安全。轉(zhuǎn)型期農(nóng)戶生計的轉(zhuǎn)變及生活中不確定性因素的增加,使其生計安全水平下降。因此如何適應(yīng)變化并調(diào)控行為以維護(hù)自身的安全成為人們關(guān)注的焦點。而現(xiàn)時農(nóng)村社會保障發(fā)展嚴(yán)重滯后,未能真正起到保障農(nóng)戶生計、抵御風(fēng)險和促進(jìn)其發(fā)展的功能。在這一背景下,就我國農(nóng)戶生計安全問題進(jìn)行研究具有重大的理論和現(xiàn)實意義。 生計安全是國家安全和農(nóng)村社會保障的重要組成部分,也是農(nóng)戶可持續(xù)發(fā)展的客觀要求。探究農(nóng)戶生計安全理論,為研究中國農(nóng)民問題提供了一種新的研究思路,有利于農(nóng)村投入資源的有效利用、促進(jìn)了農(nóng)村社會的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展、完善了農(nóng)戶可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論。安全而又穩(wěn)定的生計可以消除貧困,抵御外界壓力和沖擊,進(jìn)而恢復(fù)生態(tài)平衡并維持生計,促使區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。保障農(nóng)戶的生計安全,不僅有利于實現(xiàn)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)發(fā)展,且有利于提高農(nóng)民生活水平和切實解決“三農(nóng)”問題。 本選題把農(nóng)戶作為研究對象,從宏觀角度提出了農(nóng)戶生計安全概念,并試圖從農(nóng)戶生計安全因素分析、行為分析、評價體系、安全保障模式等方面為農(nóng)戶生計安全問題研究建立一個基礎(chǔ)性理論框架。全文共分七章和結(jié)語,在可持續(xù)發(fā)展和“資源—環(huán)境—生計”系統(tǒng)良性循環(huán)的背景理念下,依照層層遞進(jìn)的邏輯關(guān)系,緊緊圍繞生計安全這條主線展開研究。首先,本文立足于我國農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)村與農(nóng)民的基本情況,依據(jù)可持續(xù)生計分析框架及既有研究成果,力求從理論上給出農(nóng)戶生計安全的基本界定。其次,對我國農(nóng)戶生計的現(xiàn)狀做出基本判斷。分別從我國農(nóng)戶生計的外部環(huán)境、內(nèi)在要素評價和農(nóng)戶分類描述三個方面客觀分析,勾畫出當(dāng)前我國農(nóng)戶生計安全問題面臨的困境與機(jī)遇,對農(nóng)戶生計狀況進(jìn)行了分類描述并特別關(guān)注了貧困農(nóng)戶的生計困境問題。再次,從一般意義上論述了農(nóng)戶的生計行為邏輯,并運(yùn)用AGIL功能模型分析了農(nóng)戶生計安全的價值判斷和邏輯關(guān)系。從而分析評價了農(nóng)戶生計風(fēng)險的影響因素包括環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會和農(nóng)戶自身等方面,其具有復(fù)雜性、突發(fā)性、隱蔽性和傳導(dǎo)性的特點。接著,在客觀描述我國農(nóng)戶生計現(xiàn)狀、科學(xué)分析農(nóng)戶生計行為的基礎(chǔ)上,對農(nóng)戶生計安全建立一套可評價的指標(biāo)體系。論文從生計系統(tǒng)、社會系統(tǒng)、環(huán)境系統(tǒng)三個層面,提出了評價生計安全的環(huán)境背景、農(nóng)戶生存壓力、社會風(fēng)險、資源承載能力、農(nóng)戶生計資產(chǎn)、農(nóng)戶生計成果、資源環(huán)境保護(hù)、區(qū)域發(fā)展政策、農(nóng)戶生計策略等九大要素,建立30個具體指標(biāo)和評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對陜西省農(nóng)戶生計安全進(jìn)行了實證性校驗。最后,本文構(gòu)建了農(nóng)戶生計安全的保障性框架,在探尋生計困境形成的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合外部壓力和內(nèi)部需求,建立生計安全的動力模型,并提出了內(nèi)源型、開放型和集體型的區(qū)域生計安全發(fā)展選擇模式。通過前文的分析,粗線條提出了與農(nóng)戶生計安全持續(xù)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)的實現(xiàn)路徑。包括政府需要建立生計安全的評估和預(yù)警機(jī)制,需要大力加強(qiáng)和發(fā)展惠民生計項目,并從社會保障制度建設(shè)出發(fā),提出加強(qiáng)社區(qū)互助的路徑。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, China is in the transition period of economic and social development. The problem of people's livelihood has become the key and difficult point in the economic and social development of our country. The party and the government have promoted the improvement of the people's livelihood from the political and economic system reform and social policy. The farmers are experiencing natural disasters, financial storms, ecological deterioration, market risk and emergencies. At the time of attack, the ability to resist risk generally decreases and threatens the safety of their livelihoods. The transformation of farmers' livelihood and the increase of uncertainty in the life of the transitional period make the livelihood security level decline. Therefore, how to adapt to the change and control behavior in order to maintain its own safety has become the focus of attention. In this context, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the livelihood safety of farmers in our country.
The livelihood security is an important part of the national security and the rural social security. It is also an objective requirement for the sustainable development of the farmers. To explore the theory of farmer's livelihood security provides a new research idea for the study of the Chinese farmers' problem, which is beneficial to the effective utilization of the rural investment resources, promotes the coordinated development of the rural society and consummate the agriculture. A safe and stable livelihood theory. A safe and stable livelihood can eliminate poverty, resist external pressure and impact, then restore the ecological balance and maintain a livelihood, and promote the coordinated development of the regional economy. To ensure the livelihood security of the farmers, it is not only conducive to the sustainable development of the rural economy, but also helps to improve the living standard and practical solution of the farmers. The "three rural issues".
This topic takes farmers as the research object, and puts forward the concept of farmers' livelihood security from the macro perspective, and tries to establish a basic theoretical frame for the study of farmers' livelihood security, such as analysis of safety factors, behavior analysis, evaluation system and safety guarantee mode. The full text is divided into seven chapters and conclusion, in sustainable development and Under the background of the virtuous cycle of "resource environment - livelihood" system, according to the logical relationship of layers progressive, it is closely related to the main line of livelihood security. Firstly, this article is based on the basic situation of agriculture, rural and farmers in our country, according to the framework of sustainable livelihoods analysis and the existing research results, and strive to give farmers theoretically. The basic definition of household livelihood security is given. Secondly, the basic judgment is made on the current situation of the livelihood of farmers in China. From the external environment of the livelihood of farmers in China, the evaluation of internal elements and the classification of farmers, three aspects are analyzed objectively, and the difficulties and opportunities for the livelihood security of farmers in China are outlined, and the living conditions of farmers are divided. The class describes and pays special attention to the plight of the livelihood of the poor farmers. Again, the logic of the livelihood behavior of the farmers is discussed in general, and the value judgment and logical relationship of the livelihood security of the farmers are analyzed by using the AGIL function model. The analysis and evaluation of the impact factors of the livelihood risk of farmers include the environment, economy, society and farmers. In the aspects of body, it has the characteristics of complexity, sudden, concealment and conduction. Then, on the basis of objectively describing the living situation of farmers in our country and scientifically analyzing the livelihood behavior of farmers, a set of evaluable index system is set up for the livelihood security of farmers. The thesis has put forward the evaluable students from three levels of livelihood system, social system and environmental system. According to the environmental background of the security, the farmers' survival pressure, the social risk, the resources carrying capacity, the livelihood assets of the farmers, the livelihood of the farmers, the protection of the resources and the environment, the policy of regional development and the livelihood strategy of the farmers, 30 specific indexes and evaluation criteria have been established, and this is the standard for the verification of the livelihood security of the farmers in Shaanxi province. Finally, this paper constructs a guarantee framework for the livelihood security of farmers, and on the basis of the formation of the livelihood dilemma, combined with the external pressure and internal demand, establishes the dynamic model of livelihood security, and puts forward the selection mode of the endogenous, open and collective regional livelihood security development. Through the analysis of the previous article, the rough lines are put forward with the farmers. The implementation path of the sustainable development of livelihood security, including the government needs to establish an assessment and early warning mechanism for livelihood security, needs to strengthen and develop people's livelihood projects, and, starting from the construction of social security system, puts forward the way to strengthen community mutual assistance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C912.82

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 甘露;三峽庫區(qū)新型農(nóng)村社區(qū)建設(shè)研究[D];西南大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前4條

1 袁小燕;山區(qū)不同生計類型農(nóng)戶的生態(tài)壓力定量評估[D];西南大學(xué);2012年

2 岑家峰;困境與出路：專業(yè)捕撈漁民可持續(xù)生計研究[D];華中科技大學(xué);2012年

3 韓林;環(huán)境變化對民勤綠洲邊緣區(qū)農(nóng)村家庭生計的影響研究[D];蘭州大學(xué);2013年

4 魯婷;干旱擾動下的黃土高原半干旱區(qū)農(nóng)戶生計風(fēng)險及生計脆弱性研究[D];西北大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號：2039670