本文選題：公民社會(huì) + 現(xiàn)代性�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：公民社會(huì)是自人類社會(huì)進(jìn)入現(xiàn)代以來(lái)所特有的社會(huì)形態(tài),這一社會(huì)形態(tài)的出現(xiàn),首次實(shí)現(xiàn)了人類社會(huì)對(duì)于秩序和自由的雙重需求,解決了社會(huì)的有序存在與個(gè)人的自由發(fā)展之間所固有的矛盾。本文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)西方公民社會(huì)理論與實(shí)踐的理解,促成對(duì)中國(guó)社會(huì)的現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型的恰切認(rèn)識(shí)。經(jīng)由西方現(xiàn)代化之經(jīng)驗(yàn)所提供的參照系,我們能夠看到中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化從起飛到完成所要遵從的現(xiàn)代性運(yùn)作邏輯,這無(wú)疑是后發(fā)現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家所能借助的重要資源之一,即在借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同時(shí)規(guī)避現(xiàn)代化的諸多陷阱。公民社會(huì)的到來(lái)是中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化的必然后果,也是檢驗(yàn)中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化成敗的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。培育完善的公民社會(huì)是現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵任務(wù),這一任務(wù)所倚賴的歷史文化傳統(tǒng)與國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)政治文化資源均應(yīng)得到知識(shí)階層的嚴(yán)格審視,從而才能正確回答轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)的“是”與“應(yīng)當(dāng)”的問(wèn)題,繼而才能確保知識(shí)分子的知識(shí)產(chǎn)品具有理論的解釋力和現(xiàn)實(shí)的指導(dǎo)力。作為中國(guó)公民社會(huì)建設(shè)的一支重要推動(dòng)力量,知識(shí)分子對(duì)于現(xiàn)實(shí)的準(zhǔn)確把握和對(duì)于理論的正確輸出將成為未來(lái)成熟的中國(guó)公民社會(huì)的一種品質(zhì)保證。對(duì)于轉(zhuǎn)型社會(huì)所特有的社會(huì)矛盾和社會(huì)問(wèn)題,作者從宏觀社會(huì)資本的角度論述了這些矛盾和問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生的原因,同時(shí)指出,有效提升社會(huì)資本的措施不僅會(huì)有助于解決轉(zhuǎn)型期的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,還將大大促進(jìn)公民社會(huì)的完善。雖然,公民社會(huì)相較于已有的其他社會(huì)形態(tài)來(lái)說(shuō)具有極大的優(yōu)越性,但是它仍然無(wú)法避免自身所固有的缺陷,這既是人性的現(xiàn)實(shí)也是人類生存的現(xiàn)實(shí),因此,對(duì)于現(xiàn)代性批判的審視將有助于我們深刻認(rèn)識(shí)公民社會(huì)的固有缺陷并從源頭上遏制它的產(chǎn)生 全文共分為八個(gè)部分： 第一部分為緒論。此部分包括內(nèi)容有選題意義及研究述評(píng)、相關(guān)概念界定、問(wèn)題的提出和研究方法闡述等。 第二部分考察了作為中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化實(shí)踐的參照系的西方公民社會(huì)的理論和實(shí)踐以及由此得出的啟示。 第三部分簡(jiǎn)述了中國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化歷程,審視了現(xiàn)代性的勃發(fā)在中國(guó)所引發(fā)的深刻變遷以及相應(yīng)的歷史后果。 第四部分以局外人的身份重新審視了中國(guó)在全球化時(shí)代的國(guó)家形象,以期得到一個(gè)更加客觀理性的自我評(píng)價(jià),并進(jìn)而加深不同文化之間的相互理解與相互支持。 第五部分從知識(shí)社會(huì)學(xué)的角度考察了知識(shí)人的社會(huì)角色以及作為中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化的重要推動(dòng)力量之一的當(dāng)代中國(guó)知識(shí)分子的現(xiàn)代性話語(yǔ),并指出了知識(shí)分子與公民社會(huì)建設(shè)之間存在的關(guān)聯(lián)。 第六部分探討了中國(guó)公民社會(huì)的歷史任務(wù)、轉(zhuǎn)型期社會(huì)問(wèn)題的成因以及如何構(gòu)建中國(guó)的公民社會(huì)。 第七部分聚焦于西方現(xiàn)代性批判的問(wèn)題意識(shí),意在凸顯公民社會(huì)可能存在的固有缺陷。 第八部分為結(jié)語(yǔ)。
[Abstract]:Civil society is the unique social form since the human society entered the modern era. The appearance of this social form, for the first time, has realized the dual demand for order and freedom in human society. It resolves the inherent contradiction between the orderly existence of the society and the free development of the individual. The purpose of this paper is to understand the theory and practice of civil society in the West and to promote the proper understanding of the modernization transformation of Chinese society. From the frame of reference provided by the experience of modernization in the West, we can see that the modernization of China has to follow the logic of modernity from take-off to completion. This is undoubtedly one of the important resources that latecomers can use to help modern countries. That is to learn from experience while avoiding many traps of modernization. The arrival of civil society is the inevitable consequence of China's modernization and an important criterion to test the success or failure of China's modernization. Cultivating a perfect civil society is the key task of the modernization transformation. The historical and cultural tradition and the international economic, political and cultural resources that the task relies on should be strictly examined by the intellectual class. Only then can we correctly answer the questions of "yes" and "should" in the transitional society, and then ensure that intellectual knowledge products have theoretical explanatory power and practical guiding power. As an important driving force in the construction of Chinese civil society, intellectuals' accurate grasp of reality and correct output of theory will become a kind of quality guarantee for the future mature Chinese civil society. For the social contradictions and social problems peculiar to the transitional society, the author discusses the causes of these contradictions and problems from the perspective of macro social capital, and points out that, Effective measures to improve social capital will not only help to solve the social problems in the transition period, but also greatly promote the perfection of civil society. Although civil society has great advantages over other existing social forms, it still cannot avoid its inherent defects, which is not only the reality of human nature but also the reality of human existence. The critical examination of modernity will help us to deeply understand the inherent defects of civil society and contain it from the source. The full text is divided into eight parts: The first part is the introduction. This part includes topics significance and research review, definition of relevant concepts, questions and research methods. The second part examines the theory and practice of western civil society as a reference system of China's modernization practice and its enlightenment. The third part briefly describes the course of China's modernization, examines the profound changes caused by the prosperity of modernity in China and the corresponding historical consequences. The fourth part reexamines China's national image in the era of globalization as an outsider in the hope of getting a more objective and rational self-evaluation and deepening mutual understanding and mutual support among different cultures. The fifth part examines the social role of intellectual person and the modern discourse of contemporary Chinese intellectuals as one of the important driving forces of Chinese modernization from the angle of sociology of knowledge. It also points out the relationship between intellectuals and civil society construction. The sixth part discusses the historical task of Chinese civil society, the causes of the social problems in the transitional period and how to construct the civil society in China. The seventh part focuses on the problem consciousness of western modernity criticism, which is intended to highlight the inherent defects of civil society. The eighth part is the conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C912.4

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