本文選題：后現(xiàn)代主義 + 后現(xiàn)代語境　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：后現(xiàn)代語境是從20世紀(jì)60,70年代開始形成的,抵抗孕育著希望,作為一股極具沖擊的力量,后現(xiàn)代主義對于救治現(xiàn)代病,是一劑不可多得的良藥。后現(xiàn)代對“齊一性思維”的抵抗,對人類自由的捍衛(wèi)有助于把我們從“非人”的狀態(tài)中解放出來,是我們免于做各式各樣的機(jī)器和動物。女權(quán)主義的發(fā)展進(jìn)程隨著西方國家進(jìn)入后工業(yè)信息化社會及后現(xiàn)代主義思潮的異軍突起,后殖民主義與后現(xiàn)代主義相呼應(yīng),針對不合理的社會根源---父權(quán)制、男性統(tǒng)治與階級斗爭和種族平等一起,進(jìn)入了一個新的話語環(huán)境。在后現(xiàn)代語境中,女權(quán)主義者從后現(xiàn)代主義中找到了與自身主導(dǎo)精神一致的思想,就是后現(xiàn)代主義對傳統(tǒng)思想的批判也就是在摧毀“男性中心主義”的思維定式。這為新時期的女權(quán)主義反對男性中心主義,消除男女不平等地位以及性別歧視提供了有力的理論支撐。 后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者在承認(rèn)女性獲得主體地位對于女性權(quán)利的爭取有著重要影響的同時,也提出了自己的另一種看法,就是在男權(quán)統(tǒng)治的社會中,對女性經(jīng)驗(yàn)和地位的忽視和歪曲,使得女性在長期受壓抑的過程中,習(xí)慣性的認(rèn)同男性及社會上對自身的定位,從而喪失了自身的主體精神,而是以男權(quán)社會加注在身上的約束和規(guī)矩當(dāng)做是自己的自然本性去服從。后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者從這一點(diǎn)出發(fā),認(rèn)為要改變對男性話語被動接受的局面,一切從女性自身出發(fā),更正和扭轉(zhuǎn)男性話語籠罩下對女性地位和形象的歪曲,對在男權(quán)社會中獲得的女性主體性地位進(jìn)行重新審視,從而致力于為女性爭取到更真實(shí)獨(dú)立的主體地位。 在爭取女性主體地位的同時,后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者自然也注意到社會的認(rèn)知中心和知識構(gòu)成,在女性取得真正真實(shí)的主體性地位之前,社會知識的構(gòu)成、認(rèn)知主體及對象都是以男性特性為基礎(chǔ)的,女性的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和特質(zhì)被不知不覺的排除在知識中心的圈外。后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者的以上質(zhì)疑為爭取女性全面主體性地位,脫離偏見知識的枷鎖,打破男性的單性文化對本應(yīng)存在的女性文化的封存提供了超越現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義的新視角和檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者在繼承現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義關(guān)于爭取女性主體地位對女性整體解放有著重要作用的基礎(chǔ)上,通過對現(xiàn)代社會文化的調(diào)查研究和深入思考,要想從根本上喚醒女性的主體意識尤其是女性自身的主體地位認(rèn)識,必須明確“女性”在社會和家庭中的概念,后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者試圖在后現(xiàn)代語境中用后現(xiàn)代主義的一些理論和方式去從根本上建立女性的主體性地位,要建立一種和諧、健全、平權(quán)共享的兩性關(guān)系新模式,使人們能夠用性別多元化的視角而不是男性性別統(tǒng)治之下附屬的女性性別來看待兩性關(guān)系。因此,需要喚醒女性的自我意識,總結(jié)女性經(jīng)驗(yàn),使女性能夠認(rèn)識到并積極爭取自身的主體地位,后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義在不回避兩性差異的前提下,致力于構(gòu)建起真正的女性主體性地位,這是一種有益且有可行性的探索嘗試。后現(xiàn)代女權(quán)主義者對于勞動階級、第三世界及有色人種女性受壓迫的情況及背景的復(fù)雜多樣性的關(guān)注,使得人們就女性個別與整體的異同有了更客觀全面的認(rèn)識。 在后現(xiàn)代語境中,女性主義的發(fā)展進(jìn)入了多元化的進(jìn)程。已不僅僅是停留在承認(rèn)生理性別差異并試圖在社會性別差異上尋求突破,而是認(rèn)識到不能一味的強(qiáng)調(diào)要在社會性別上塑造男性與女性的平等,現(xiàn)在男性和女性在應(yīng)享有的基本人權(quán)上已經(jīng)達(dá)到了平等,在此我們不應(yīng)再糾纏于女性由于生育因素等而處于弱勢群體地位的問題。由于在爭取女性地位和性別解放的過程中,不得不否定和消除固有的“逆來順受”的女性模式,在追求男女平等地位的道路上甚至出現(xiàn)了女性男性化的傾向,這種種的轉(zhuǎn)變使女性處在不知所措的矛盾和迷茫中,不知究竟到哪里找尋“自我”,這影響了女性健康全面的發(fā)展和社會平等的進(jìn)程。確立女性自身價值、存在地位,使男性和女性在理性中取得相應(yīng)的平等,促進(jìn)性別發(fā)展和社會的共同進(jìn)步,是多元化的新女性主義的追求目標(biāo)。 男性與女性的和諧共存,即用和諧替代對立的兩性關(guān)系是后現(xiàn)代語境中中國女性運(yùn)動的主流趨勢。中國的女性主義一直沒有以“女權(quán)”的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來發(fā)展,而只是在爭取應(yīng)屬于女性的地位和權(quán)利。男性與女性在社會中存在就是要尋求整體的發(fā)展,能夠攜手共進(jìn)的發(fā)展,而且在當(dāng)今社會,不少男性已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到女性的地位,對女性有足夠的尊重,在這種狀況下,融洽相處,共同進(jìn)步是我們愿意看到的。在后現(xiàn)代語境中,中國女性面對未來未知的發(fā)展前景應(yīng)該要勇敢的突破,超越傳統(tǒng)的束縛,在后現(xiàn)代性主張對“主體性”解構(gòu)的浪潮中,把不知所措化為醒悟的力量去解構(gòu)過去取得的形式上的女性主體地位并努力重建新的實(shí)質(zhì)上的女性主體地位。
[Abstract]:The post-modern context was formed in the twentieth Century 60,70 years. Resistance is pregnant with hope. As a powerful force, postmodernism is a rare medicine for the treatment of modern diseases. The resistance of the post modernism to the "unity of thought" and the defenders of human freedom help to liberate us from the state of "nonhuman". It is not to do all kinds of machines and animals. The development process of feminism is emerging with the western countries entering the post industrial information society and postmodernism, and post colonialism echoes with postmodernism. It aims at the unreasonable social root - patriarchy, male rule, class struggle and racial equality. In the post-modern context, the feminists have found the thought that is consistent with their own dominant spirit from postmodernism, that is, the criticism of the traditional thought of postmodernism is to destroy the thinking pattern of "male centralism". This is the feminist opposition to the male centralism in the new period. It provides strong theoretical support for eliminating the unequal status of men and women and gender discrimination.
At the same time, the postmodern feminists, recognizing the important influence of women's dominant position on women's rights, also put forward another view, which is the neglect and distortion of women's experience and status in the society dominated by men's power, which makes the women customary to identify with men and society in the long repressed process. At the meeting, the position of itself is lost, and the body spirit is lost, but the restraint and the rules of the male power social annotation are regarded as the natural nature of his own. The female position and image are distorted by sexual discourse, and the female subjectivity gained in the male power society is reexamined, so as to strive for a more true and independent body position for women.
At the same time, the postmodern feminists also pay attention to the cognitive center and the knowledge composition of the society. Before the women get real real subjective status, the constitution of social knowledge, the cognitive subject and the object are based on the male characteristics, and the women's experience and characteristics are unknowingly excluded from the knowledge. Beyond the circle of the center of knowledge, the above modern feminists have questioned the new perspective and test standards that transcend modern feminism and the post modern feminists are inheriting modern feminists. On the basis of the important role of striving for women's main body position to emancipate women as a whole, through the investigation and deep thinking of modern social culture, the concept of "female" in the society and the family must be clearly defined, and the postmodern women must be clearly defined. In the post-modern context, the totalitarianism tries to use some theories and ways of Postmodernism to establish a fundamental position of female subjectivity, to establish a new pattern of gender relations, which is harmonious, sound and shared, so that people can be viewed with a gender pluralism rather than the female sex under the male sex rule. The relationship between the two sexes. Therefore, it is necessary to wake up the self consciousness of women and summarize the experience of women so that women can realize and actively strive for their own main body position. The postmodern feminism is committed to building a true female subjectivity without avoiding the gender differences, which is a useful and feasible exploration attempt. The attention of the feminists to the working class, the situation of the oppression of the third world and the colored women and the complex diversity of the background makes people have a more objective and comprehensive understanding of the differences and similarities between women and the whole.
In the post-modern context, the development of feminism has entered the process of pluralism. It is not only to stay in the recognition of gender differences and to seek breakthroughs in gender differences, but to realize that it is impossible to emphasize the equality between men and women in gender, and that men and women now have the basic people to enjoy. We should not be entangled in the status of women in disadvantaged groups because of their fertility factors. In the process of striving for the status of women and the emancipation of sex, we have to negate and eliminate the inherent "adversity" mode of women, and even appear on the road to the equal status of men and women. The tendency of female masculine, this kind of change makes women in the insensible contradictions and confusion, and does not know where to find the "self", which affects the development of women's health and the process of social equality. It establishes the value and status of women, makes the men and women equal in reason and promotes sex. The common progress of development and society is the goal of pluralistic new feminism.
The harmonious coexistence of male and female is the mainstream trend of Chinese women's movement in the post-modern context. Chinese feminism has not developed with the standard of "feminism", but only strives for the status and rights of women. The existence of male and female in society is to seek the whole In today's society, many men have recognized the status of women and have enough respect for women. In this situation, in this situation, we are willing to see together. In the post modern context, Chinese women should be brave breakthroughs in the future of the future development. In the tide of the deconstruction of "subjectivity", the tradition is bound to deconstruct the status of the female subject in the form of the past and try to reconstruct the new substantive status of the female subject in the wave of the deconstruction of the "subjectivity" in the postmodernism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C913.68

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