梅自強與中國棉紡織科技本土化
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 16:47
【摘要】：梅自強是中國紡織工程科技專家、中國工程院院士,我國高產(chǎn)梳棉理論和實踐的創(chuàng)始人和學科帶頭人。梅自強早年留學蘇聯(lián)莫斯科紡織學院,他在充分吸收消化國外先進科學技術的基礎上,結(jié)合中國實際,成功研制了四種新型梳棉機,其中A186型達到當時國際先進水平。梅自強一生致力于棉紡織科技本土化,做出了突出的貢獻,在中國當代棉紡織科技史上占有重要的地位。梅自強對待學術嚴謹執(zhí)著、對工作認真負責、對生活要求簡樸、對晚輩關愛有加。梅自強的成長歷程、奮斗經(jīng)歷、學術思想、治學態(tài)度、業(yè)績成就等都是值得我們?nèi)パ芯康�。然而迄今尚未有學者對梅自強做過全面系統(tǒng)的研究,現(xiàn)有的文獻一般是從宏觀、整體的角度簡單論述梅自強的生平事跡。有鑒于此,本文在細致深入研讀梅自強所發(fā)表的65篇(部)著述的基礎上,從第一手文獻出發(fā),運用文獻研究、比較分析的研究方法,探討梅自強在器物形態(tài)、制度形態(tài)以及理念形態(tài)三個層面對中國當代棉紡織科技本土化的貢獻。本文共分五個部分。第一部分為緒論。首先介紹梅自強的生平事跡,這是研究梅自強的基礎和背景;隨后介紹選題依據(jù)與意義;對國內(nèi)外相關研究情況進行綜述;說明研究方法與資料來源;介紹研究目標以及創(chuàng)新之處。第二部分關注梅自強在器物層面的本土化工作,發(fā)掘梅自強在棉紡織機械領域的貢獻。本章主要以研制高產(chǎn)梳棉機和條干均勻度儀為例,分兩部分展開,重點突出梅自強在棉紡織機械國產(chǎn)化中所起的重要作用。第三部分分析梅自強在制度層面的本土化思想。本章以棉紡織原料和棉紡織機械裝備為線索,按時間順序整理梅自強有關原料、機械的著作,歸納梅自強針對當時國內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀提出的觀點,并根據(jù)梅自強對棉紡織企業(yè)管理提出的建議,凸顯梅自強關于棉紡織業(yè)本土化的思想。第四部分討論梅自強在理念層面的本土化努力。理念層面的本土化,是科學技術本土化最根本、最核心的方面。梅自強曾任中國紡織科學研究院副院長和院長,在人才培養(yǎng)、科研組織等方面作了大量工作。本章提煉梅自強對人才培養(yǎng)的看法,整理梅自強組織和參加過的各類學術活動,以及他在紡織科技書籍翻譯編撰中的突出成就。第五部分是全文的總結(jié),探尋梅自強科學貢獻背后的原因,深入分析其科學態(tài)度與科學方法,并通過統(tǒng)計梅自強科學觀點的引證情況、觀點如何被政府采納以及被應用于生產(chǎn)等方面,來嘗試確立梅自強在中國當代棉紡織業(yè)發(fā)展中所起的作用。本文通過充分收集和研讀梅自強棉紡織科技方面的論文和著作,從器物、制度和理念三個層面發(fā)掘、梳理梅自強在棉紡織科技本土化進程中的科學活動及科學貢獻。本文還進一步嘗試分析并確定梅自強在新中國棉紡織業(yè)的地位和貢獻,認為他的開創(chuàng)性工作為新中國棉紡織科技奠定了堅實的基礎。我們特別是紡織人從梅自強的科學態(tài)度及科學思想方法中,也能獲得很多借鑒和啟示。
[Abstract]:Mei self strong is a Chinese textile engineering expert, academician of China Academy of engineering, founder and subject leader of the theory and practice of high yield carding in China. Mei Qiang was studying in Moscow Textile College in the Soviet Union in the early years. On the basis of fully absorbing foreign advanced science and technology, he developed four new types of carding machines successfully. A186 has reached the international advanced level at that time. Mei Qiang has devoted his whole life to the localization of cotton textile technology, made outstanding contributions and played an important role in the history of Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology. The struggle experience, the academic thought, the academic attitude, the achievement achievement and so on are all worthy of our study. However, yet no scholars have done a comprehensive and systematic study of Mei Qiang's self strength. The existing literature is generally from the macro perspective and the whole point of view. On the basis of the 65 articles, starting from the first hand literature, using the literature research and comparative analysis, this paper discusses the contribution of Mei Qiang to the Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology localization in the form of utensils, the system form and the concept form. This article is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. First, it introduces Mei Ziqiang's life. This is the foundation and background of the study of Mei's self strength; then it introduces the basis and significance of the topic, summarizes the relevant research at home and abroad, illustrates the research methods and sources, and introduces the research goals and innovations. The second part focuses on the localization of the self strength at the level of the utensils, and excavates the self strength of Mei in the cotton textile machinery field. This chapter mainly takes the development of high yield carding machine and dry evenness instrument as an example, which is divided into two parts, focusing on the important role of the self strength of plum in the localization of the cotton textile machinery. The third part analyses the localization idea of the self strength of plum in the system level. This chapter takes the cotton textile raw materials and the cotton textile machinery and equipment as the clue, according to the time. The fourth part discusses the localization of Mei Qiang's localization effort on the theory level. It is the most fundamental and core aspect of the localization of science and technology. Mei Qiang, a vice president and Dean of the Chinese Academy of Textile Sciences, has made a great deal of work in the training of talent and scientific research organization. This chapter refines the views on the cultivation of talent by Mei Qiang, collate all kinds of academic activities of Mei Ziqiang organization and participate in the textile science and technology book, and his book on the textile science and technology The fifth part is the summary of the full text, exploring the reasons behind the scientific contribution of the self-strength of Mei, analyzing its scientific attitude and scientific method, and trying to establish the self-reliance of Mei in China by statistics of the citation of the scientific viewpoint of the self strength of Mei and how the view is adopted by the government and applied to the production. The role played in the development of the contemporary cotton textile industry. Through the full collection and study of the papers and works of the self-strength cotton textile science and technology, this article explores the scientific activities and scientific contributions of Mei Ziqiang in the process of the localization of cotton textile science and technology from three levels of utensils, systems and ideas. This paper further tries to analyze and determine Mei Ziqiang In the position and contribution of the new China cotton textile industry, it is believed that his pioneering work has laid a solid foundation for the new China's cotton textile technology. In particular, we can also gain a lot of reference and inspiration from the scientific attitude and scientific thought method of the self-strength of Mei.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K826.16;TS112
本文編號：2134138
[Abstract]:Mei self strong is a Chinese textile engineering expert, academician of China Academy of engineering, founder and subject leader of the theory and practice of high yield carding in China. Mei Qiang was studying in Moscow Textile College in the Soviet Union in the early years. On the basis of fully absorbing foreign advanced science and technology, he developed four new types of carding machines successfully. A186 has reached the international advanced level at that time. Mei Qiang has devoted his whole life to the localization of cotton textile technology, made outstanding contributions and played an important role in the history of Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology. The struggle experience, the academic thought, the academic attitude, the achievement achievement and so on are all worthy of our study. However, yet no scholars have done a comprehensive and systematic study of Mei Qiang's self strength. The existing literature is generally from the macro perspective and the whole point of view. On the basis of the 65 articles, starting from the first hand literature, using the literature research and comparative analysis, this paper discusses the contribution of Mei Qiang to the Chinese contemporary cotton textile technology localization in the form of utensils, the system form and the concept form. This article is divided into five parts. The first part is the introduction. First, it introduces Mei Ziqiang's life. This is the foundation and background of the study of Mei's self strength; then it introduces the basis and significance of the topic, summarizes the relevant research at home and abroad, illustrates the research methods and sources, and introduces the research goals and innovations. The second part focuses on the localization of the self strength at the level of the utensils, and excavates the self strength of Mei in the cotton textile machinery field. This chapter mainly takes the development of high yield carding machine and dry evenness instrument as an example, which is divided into two parts, focusing on the important role of the self strength of plum in the localization of the cotton textile machinery. The third part analyses the localization idea of the self strength of plum in the system level. This chapter takes the cotton textile raw materials and the cotton textile machinery and equipment as the clue, according to the time. The fourth part discusses the localization of Mei Qiang's localization effort on the theory level. It is the most fundamental and core aspect of the localization of science and technology. Mei Qiang, a vice president and Dean of the Chinese Academy of Textile Sciences, has made a great deal of work in the training of talent and scientific research organization. This chapter refines the views on the cultivation of talent by Mei Qiang, collate all kinds of academic activities of Mei Ziqiang organization and participate in the textile science and technology book, and his book on the textile science and technology The fifth part is the summary of the full text, exploring the reasons behind the scientific contribution of the self-strength of Mei, analyzing its scientific attitude and scientific method, and trying to establish the self-reliance of Mei in China by statistics of the citation of the scientific viewpoint of the self strength of Mei and how the view is adopted by the government and applied to the production. The role played in the development of the contemporary cotton textile industry. Through the full collection and study of the papers and works of the self-strength cotton textile science and technology, this article explores the scientific activities and scientific contributions of Mei Ziqiang in the process of the localization of cotton textile science and technology from three levels of utensils, systems and ideas. This paper further tries to analyze and determine Mei Ziqiang In the position and contribution of the new China cotton textile industry, it is believed that his pioneering work has laid a solid foundation for the new China's cotton textile technology. In particular, we can also gain a lot of reference and inspiration from the scientific attitude and scientific thought method of the self-strength of Mei.
【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K826.16;TS112
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