【摘要】：在北京一號(hào)衛(wèi)星遙感影像的支持下,利用最新實(shí)測精度達(dá)到1 m分辨率的地形等高線數(shù)據(jù)、野外測量數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合20世紀(jì)50年代野外實(shí)地調(diào)查資料等前人研究成果,對(duì)瑪納斯湖演化的構(gòu)造地貌特征及補(bǔ)給來源等進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析。結(jié)果表明:①構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)奠定了瑪納斯湖及周圍湖泊演化的基本地貌特征,瑪納斯湖是古瑪納斯湖在3次區(qū)域性構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)和氣候因素作用下解體后分離出的幾個(gè)小湖泊之一,早在1915年瑪納斯河改道之前就已經(jīng)存在,并不是游移湖�，敿{斯湖北部的洪積扇與古河道、多斯他浪崗沖積扇等表明,除接受瑪納斯河補(bǔ)給外,很多發(fā)源于準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南、北部山區(qū)河流都曾補(bǔ)給過古瑪納斯湖;這些沖、洪積扇的扇緣位置、瑪納斯湖和艾里克湖北部的兩級(jí)階地,瑪納斯河的三角洲平原及各湖泊都在海拔280 m的范圍內(nèi),表明古瑪納斯湖的范圍可能在海拔280 m的高程范圍內(nèi);湖區(qū)鉆孔取樣分析等相關(guān)研究也表明,自晚更新世以來,該區(qū)域一直為湖泊環(huán)境。②各湖泊的補(bǔ)給關(guān)系分析及湖泊演化過程表明,人類活動(dòng)是近半個(gè)世紀(jì)以來湖泊演化的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)力,保證白楊河、瑪納斯河這兩條補(bǔ)給河流的入湖水量,是該地區(qū)湖泊濕地得到恢復(fù)和維持的前提。
[Abstract]:With the support of Beijing 1 satellite remote sensing image, using topographic contour data with the latest measured accuracy of 1 m resolution, field survey data, combined with field survey data in 1950s and other previous research results, The tectonic and geomorphological characteristics and recharge sources of Manas Lake evolution are analyzed in detail. The results show that: 1 the tectonic movement has established the basic geomorphological characteristics of Manas Lake and its surrounding lakes. Manas Lake is one of several small lakes separated after the dissolution of ancient Manas Lake under the action of three regional tectonic movements and climatic factors. It existed long before the Manas River was diverted in 1915 and was not a moving lake. The alluvial fan and ancient channel in Manas Hubei, Doss Tallagang alluvial fan, etc., show that in addition to receiving supplies from the Manas River, many rivers originated in the south and north of Junggar Basin have supplied ancient Manas Lake; these alluviations. The location of the fan margin of the alluvial fan, the terraces of Manas Lake and Hubei Province, the delta plain of the Manas River and the lakes are in the range of 280 m above sea level, indicating that the range of the ancient Manas Lake may be within the elevation of 280 m. It is also shown that since the late Pleistocene, the region has been in the lake environment. 2 the analysis of the recharge relationship of the lakes and the process of lake evolution show that since the late Pleistocene the region has been in the lake environment. Human activities are the main driving force of lake evolution in the last half century. The water quantity of Baiyang River and Manas River is the prerequisite for the restoration and maintenance of lake wetland in this area.
【作者單位】： 中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所;福州大學(xué);
【基金】：國家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室自主創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目 中國科學(xué)院地理科學(xué)與資源研究所知識(shí)創(chuàng)新工程新進(jìn)所青年人才領(lǐng)域前沿項(xiàng)目
【分類號(hào)】：K928.6

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本文編號(hào)：2267767