20世紀60年代初浙江省精簡城鎮(zhèn)人口問題研究
[Abstract]:In the process of national economic adjustment in the early 1960s, streamlining the urban population is an important policy and measure. Based on the archives collected in Zhejiang Province Archives, this paper analyzes and discusses the background, process, results and historical problems of streamlining the urban population in Zhejiang Province based on the data obtained from the investigation and interview. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China chose to give priority to the development of heavy industry industrialization. The implementation of the first five-year Plan laid the initial foundation for national industrialization. However, the following "Great Leap forward" movement led to serious difficulties in the national economy and people's lives. Radical industrialization not only caused serious imbalance of economic structure, but also caused abnormal expansion of urban population in a short period of time, and the national finance and market supply pressure was enormous. The way to solve the difficulties is to adjust the national economy in an all-round way, one of the important measures is to streamline the urban population. Streamlining the urban population is a national job. In the streamlining work in Zhejiang Province, both the absolute number of urban population reduction and the decline rate of the proportion of urban population in the total population are at the middle and upper level in every province of the country. More than three years of streamlining work, involving all regions and departments of Zhejiang Province. From the point of view of the regional situation, except for Taizhou area itself, the population distribution of the cities and towns which have been reduced is more uniform than that of Taizhou area itself. According to the situation of each department, the number and composition of the streamlined population are different due to the differences in the characteristics of each other. There are different data in the archives of Zhejiang province because of the statistical caliber and so on. Comprehensive research shows that the reduced urban population of the province should be 923000, and the composition of this part of the population is quite complex. Placement is an important link in streamlining work. The implementation of the resettlement policy is directly related to the overall progress of streamlining and the effectiveness of the overall work. To this end, from the central to local governments have formulated a series of specific resettlement policies and measures. As far as rehousing policies and measures themselves are concerned, it takes into account the various aspects of streamlining and streamlining, which are more perfect. However, this series of resettlement policies and measures in the process of implementation, but presents complex and diverse characteristics, and even left a lot of historical problems, long suspended and can not be thoroughly resolved. Streamlining has resulted in different results at three levels. At the policy level, streamlining achieved the desired goals and achieved success. At the social level, a large number of people leave the town and enter the countryside, causing many impacts to the town, the countryside and the whole society. At the individual level, simplification has changed the state of existence and historical destiny of more than 20 million people and millions of families across the country. Although since 1965, policies have been put in place from the central to the local level to provide relief to some of the streamlined personnel, because of the low level of assistance, and only a few of them have been reduced, As a result, these aid policies have not really improved the living conditions of the streamlined. To this day, the simplified people lost their jobs in the process of streamlining and lost their corresponding social security, as well as the common difficulties in their lives. The problems of individual pension and family children are prominent. Streamlining the urban population is a "reverse migration" of the population under "political leadership". The success of this work at the policy level is the result of the social mobilization of the ruling party, the system of the state, the differences between urban and rural areas and the social psychology of the people.
【學位授予單位】:浙江大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:K27;C924.2
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