【摘要】：對(duì)城市人口空間分布的動(dòng)態(tài)把握是了解人口活動(dòng)規(guī)律、認(rèn)識(shí)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)、配置城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務(wù)設(shè)施及制訂城市公共安全應(yīng)急保障方案的重要依據(jù)。由于目前國內(nèi)缺少系統(tǒng)的人口動(dòng)態(tài)變化統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),城市內(nèi)部層面的人口空間分布和活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特征方面的相關(guān)研究難以開展,研究成果較為有限。移動(dòng)電話是目前普及率最高的通訊終端設(shè)備,其用戶的動(dòng)態(tài)分布信息可以準(zhǔn)確地反應(yīng)整個(gè)城市人口的空間分布與活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特征。利用手機(jī)信令數(shù)據(jù),以上海市為例,構(gòu)建"人口—時(shí)間—行為"關(guān)系的人口空間動(dòng)態(tài)分析框架,分析上海市人口分布和活動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)特征。結(jié)果表明:上海整體人口密度呈單中心的圈層空間分布結(jié)構(gòu),晝夜空間分布經(jīng)歷"白天向中心集聚、夜晚向郊區(qū)分散"的流動(dòng)過程;人的各類活動(dòng)(如通勤、消費(fèi)休閑)會(huì)產(chǎn)生人口空間分布的動(dòng)態(tài)變化,職住關(guān)系的不匹配和活動(dòng)對(duì)中心的高度依賴使得人口的空間分布不均,形成向心流動(dòng)模式。消費(fèi)休閑行為對(duì)中心城區(qū)的依賴度明顯高于就業(yè)活動(dòng),且集中體現(xiàn)在緊鄰中心城區(qū)的外圍近郊呈圈層分布。
[Abstract]:The dynamic understanding of the spatial distribution of urban population is an important basis for understanding the laws of population activities, understanding the urban spatial structure, allocating urban infrastructure and public service facilities, and formulating emergency plans for urban public safety. Due to the lack of systematic statistical data of population dynamics in China, the research on spatial distribution of population and dynamic characteristics of activities in urban areas is difficult to carry out, and the research results are relatively limited. Mobile phone is the most popular communication terminal at present. The dynamic distribution information of its users can accurately reflect the spatial distribution and dynamic characteristics of the whole urban population. Based on the signaling data of mobile phone, a framework of population spatial dynamic analysis of "population-time-behavior" relationship is constructed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of population distribution and activity in Shanghai. The results show that the whole population density of Shanghai is a single-center spatial distribution structure, and the spatial distribution of day and night goes through the process of "gathering to the center during the day and dispersing to the suburbs at night". All kinds of human activities (such as commuting, consumption and leisure) will produce dynamic changes of population spatial distribution. The mismatch of the relationship between occupation and residence and the high dependence of activities on the center make the population spatial distribution uneven and form a concentric flow mode. The dependence of consumption and leisure behavior on the central urban area is obviously higher than that on employment activities, and it is concentrated in the outer suburbs adjacent to the central urban area.
【作者單位】： 杭州市城市規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)研究院;同濟(jì)大學(xué)建筑與城市規(guī)劃學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51378363) 同濟(jì)大學(xué)建筑設(shè)計(jì)研究院(集團(tuán))有限公司科研項(xiàng)目 同濟(jì)大學(xué)人居環(huán)境生態(tài)與節(jié)能聯(lián)合研究中心重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目 高校博士點(diǎn)基金項(xiàng)目成果(20130072110053)
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2

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