資源、環(huán)境約束下生育成本分析:以中國生育政策變遷為例
[Abstract]:Reproductive cost can be divided into private cost and social cost from the subject. Early research on reproductive costs focused on private costs, including direct and indirect costs. These studies have pioneered the study of fertility from an economic point of view. In China with a large population, there are fewer and fewer resources available, but the population is increasing, so one more person may mean that the society has to devote another part of its resources to life, school, employment, old-age care and so on. We call these costs borne by society the social costs of fertility. With the development of economy, the improvement of people's living standard and the improvement of social security system, our society will bear more and more reproductive costs. So what are the characteristics of fertility costs under the constraints of resources and environment, and how should we deal with them? Based on the theory of moderate population and the theory of externality, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the reproductive cost under the constraints of resources and environment by using the method of historical analysis. The existence of the social cost of fertility and the increase of the cost of family birth under the restriction of environment. The change of reproductive cost under the constraint of resources and environment is mainly reflected in the supply of public goods and the provision of social welfare. This burden is not only felt by the society, but also felt by the family, the main body of fertility. With the change of personal cost and social cost, when resources and environment restrict human fertility behavior, we should naturally adjust and perfect our fertility policy in order to achieve the harmonious development of population, resources and environment.
【學位授予單位】:河北大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2010
【分類號】:C924.21
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