【摘要】： 2007年3月8日,胡錦濤總書記在參加十屆全國(guó)人大五次會(huì)議重慶代表團(tuán)審議時(shí),為重慶工作“定向?qū)Ш健?高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚地作出了三大定位,即努力把重慶加快建設(shè)成為西部地區(qū)的重要增長(zhǎng)極、長(zhǎng)江上游地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心、城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展的直轄市。本文結(jié)合將重慶建設(shè)成為重要增長(zhǎng)極的戰(zhàn)略決策,研究在此背景下人口流動(dòng)的歷史、現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì),以及人口流動(dòng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的促進(jìn)作用。 人口遷移是人口學(xué)研究的對(duì)象,人口流動(dòng)則是中國(guó)特有的戶籍制度放寬限制后出現(xiàn)的特殊現(xiàn)象。自中國(guó)推行漸進(jìn)式改革以來,人口流動(dòng)成為一種發(fā)展現(xiàn)象,在短短30年間,從受到制度性抑制到獲得政策認(rèn)同,逐漸成為社會(huì)常態(tài),對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和理論意義。在改革開放早期,我國(guó)都是以劉易斯式的勞動(dòng)力無限供給的二元經(jīng)濟(jì),直到2004年珠江三角洲地區(qū)出現(xiàn)“民工荒”、“技工荒”現(xiàn)象,“一個(gè)從勞動(dòng)力無限供給到勞動(dòng)力有限剩余的轉(zhuǎn)變正在發(fā)生”。人口流動(dòng)浪潮也從上世紀(jì)九十年代的單向流動(dòng)逐步轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡p向流動(dòng),在國(guó)家實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)后,回流成為新世紀(jì)的又一社會(huì)景觀。 經(jīng)過30年的發(fā)展,珠三角、長(zhǎng)三角、環(huán)渤海地區(qū)已經(jīng)成為東部地區(qū)三個(gè)重要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極。在國(guó)家不斷布局“改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)”的背景下,重慶被要求發(fā)展為西部重要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極,加之農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力“有限剩余”,如何引導(dǎo)人口流動(dòng)促進(jìn)重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極盡快形成和可持續(xù)發(fā)展,是決策者面臨的一個(gè)重要難題。 目前,將人口流動(dòng)的一般規(guī)律和重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的特殊性在理論上結(jié)合起來研究的文獻(xiàn)較少,更缺乏對(duì)人口流動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)、人口流動(dòng)與重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展階段的關(guān)系以及反映人口流動(dòng)趨勢(shì)性特征的研究。人口流動(dòng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極是人口學(xué)、管理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究的范疇,而學(xué)界目前在某種程度上還存在著“不同學(xué)科之間還不能進(jìn)行有效對(duì)話,不同學(xué)科對(duì)人口流動(dòng)問題的研究還處于自說自話的狀態(tài),妨礙了研究的深入”的情況。本文試圖運(yùn)用這些學(xué)科的結(jié)合點(diǎn),將人口流動(dòng)作為重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基本紅線來把握,防止對(duì)人口流動(dòng)的研究游離于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)發(fā)展之外,既從宏觀角度發(fā)表見解,也從微觀角度進(jìn)行細(xì)心考察和小心求證,防止出現(xiàn)研究的“空心化”。將人口流動(dòng)這種重大的發(fā)展現(xiàn)象融合于重慶的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展之中,從邏輯和歷史的視角出發(fā),通過定量和定性分析重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成的歷史積淀和現(xiàn)實(shí)動(dòng)力。在我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的新階段,重慶要再現(xiàn)當(dāng)年東部的人口流入現(xiàn)象已不可能,主要原因有：一是重慶不可能擁有改革開放初期東部地區(qū)得天獨(dú)厚的政策優(yōu)勢(shì)；二是重慶城鎮(zhèn)居民收入與全國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距不可能有當(dāng)初東部地區(qū)與全國(guó)的差距那么大,不能形成收入差距的“勢(shì)能”；三是經(jīng)過30年的改革發(fā)展,與人口流動(dòng)相關(guān)的制度正在經(jīng)歷一個(gè)新的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn),戶籍制度還沒有完全放開,全國(guó)區(qū)域、城鄉(xiāng)一體的社會(huì)保障制度還沒有完全建立起來,這些制度變革正處于孕育之中。 事實(shí)上,重慶的人口流動(dòng)在開埠后就已出現(xiàn),在抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,省際間的人口流動(dòng)在當(dāng)時(shí)來說規(guī)模和范圍也是最大的,只是城鄉(xiāng)人口流動(dòng)規(guī)模較小。大規(guī)模的農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力向城市流動(dòng),始于20世紀(jì)80年代后期,即農(nóng)村一次性改革效應(yīng)釋放完成,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距再次拉大時(shí)。進(jìn)入新世紀(jì),城鄉(xiāng)間和區(qū)縣間的人口流動(dòng)呈加速趨勢(shì),但農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力外出尋找非農(nóng)就業(yè)時(shí),由于政府公共治理模式及相關(guān)制度建設(shè)的滯后,還不能實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民身份向市民身份的轉(zhuǎn)變,在一定程度阻礙了人口的城鄉(xiāng)流動(dòng)。那么重慶如何在現(xiàn)有約束條件下成為西部重要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極呢? 本文提出了重慶在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成進(jìn)程中,戶籍制度和社會(huì)保障制度是涉及城鄉(xiāng)關(guān)系的重要制度,是人口流動(dòng)和農(nóng)民工市民化的核心制度,也是政府治理的重要內(nèi)容。另外,本文還提出了在現(xiàn)階段重慶要成為西部重要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極,需要提高流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量和優(yōu)化流動(dòng)人口結(jié)構(gòu),統(tǒng)籌國(guó)內(nèi)外兩個(gè)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng),加大高素質(zhì)人才流入,把人口資源存量轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿肆Y本優(yōu)勢(shì),并引導(dǎo)經(jīng)濟(jì)腹地的勞動(dòng)力資源流入。 本文的結(jié)構(gòu)和各部分要點(diǎn)如下： 首先,在緒論中主要闡明了研究背景、主要目的、意義、研究方法,以及研究的數(shù)據(jù)來源和本文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排。將人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極結(jié)合起來研究是重慶未來一個(gè)時(shí)期發(fā)展的重大經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)問題,有利于在建設(shè)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的進(jìn)程中把握好公共政策的決策及推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革和社會(huì)制度變革的時(shí)機(jī)、目標(biāo)模式及操作步驟。 其次,綜述了人口流動(dòng)及經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極理論研究文獻(xiàn)。主要介紹了人口流動(dòng)的理論及類型,國(guó)內(nèi)外勞動(dòng)力遷移理論的演進(jìn)及國(guó)際上相關(guān)最新研究成果,國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極理論以及將二者結(jié)合進(jìn)行研究的理論成果,給出了本文對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的界定。前人研究成果在某種程度上為本文的研究主題提供了理論支持。 第三,闡明了人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的關(guān)系。主要介紹了人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的互動(dòng)關(guān)系和辨證關(guān)系。分析了人口流動(dòng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成和發(fā)展的重要作用。同時(shí),進(jìn)一步從理論上說明人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成的相互作用機(jī)理。 第四,闡明了人口流動(dòng)與近現(xiàn)代重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。主要介紹了人口流動(dòng)與重慶近代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,人口流動(dòng)與重慶開埠時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,人口與辛亥革命至抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期重慶的人口狀況,抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期重慶的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。指出了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)形態(tài)也是影響人口流動(dòng)的重要因素以及流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要推動(dòng)作用。從歷史的視角分析了重慶人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相互演進(jìn)的過程。 第五,闡明了人口流動(dòng)與當(dāng)代重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。主要介紹了三線建設(shè)對(duì)重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要提升作用,三峽工程重慶庫(kù)區(qū)的人口遷移。當(dāng)代重慶人口流動(dòng)的特征,流入人口和流出人口的人口學(xué)特征,農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)的影響因素。重點(diǎn)從產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、所有制結(jié)構(gòu)、城鎮(zhèn)化程度進(jìn)行分析；流動(dòng)人口結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響分析,流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響分析,人口流動(dòng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的效應(yīng)分析,人口流動(dòng)與產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)的相關(guān)性分析,人口流動(dòng)與重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析。指出了人口大進(jìn)大出對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響更大以及流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要推動(dòng)作用。在當(dāng)前重慶人口流出還大于人口流入的情況下,整體人口流動(dòng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的正面效應(yīng)大于單純的人口流入對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的影響。 第六,闡明了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成與發(fā)展中的人口流動(dòng)。從經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的構(gòu)成要素,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的兩個(gè)效應(yīng),打造經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的必需條件；增長(zhǎng)極形成的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)行分析。重慶產(chǎn)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)極、城市增長(zhǎng)極,區(qū)域增長(zhǎng)極三個(gè)層面運(yùn)用因子分析法和主成分分析法進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)分析；增長(zhǎng)極理論中的人口流動(dòng)研究,其中主要分析了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)區(qū)域人口流動(dòng)的變化與調(diào)整,人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的形成,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極效應(yīng)下的人口流動(dòng),特別是極化效應(yīng)和擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)下的人口流動(dòng)及人口流動(dòng)對(duì)重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的極化效應(yīng)。指出重慶在建設(shè)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的進(jìn)程中以人口流入推動(dòng)增長(zhǎng)極的形成更重要,不以本市勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移為單一目標(biāo),而是應(yīng)以經(jīng)濟(jì)腹地人口流入和拓寬國(guó)際視野來引導(dǎo)人口流動(dòng)推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成。 第七,提煉了研究的主要結(jié)論和政策建議。主要依據(jù)前面幾部分分析的具體情況,提煉出研究的主要結(jié)論,并提出相應(yīng)的政策建議,以及今后需要進(jìn)一步研究的問題。指出流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量和結(jié)構(gòu)是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成和發(fā)展的重要因素,重慶開埠、戰(zhàn)時(shí)陪都、三線建設(shè)是重慶經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成的歷史機(jī)遇期,直轄是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成的現(xiàn)實(shí)動(dòng)力。吸納國(guó)內(nèi)外高素質(zhì)人才、提高流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量、提升人力資本、促進(jìn)農(nóng)民工市民化、加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口的統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)、提高對(duì)流動(dòng)人口的服務(wù)水平、改革政府的公共治理模式是今后重慶建設(shè)西部重要經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極亟需重視的問題。 本文在以下幾個(gè)方面有些新意： 1.將人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極結(jié)合起來研究,并深入分析人口流動(dòng)的規(guī)律性與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極特征的關(guān)系。 2.從重慶人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的歷史視角分析人口流動(dòng)在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中所起的作用以及經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極形成的歷史積淀。 3.分析了人口流動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)以及流動(dòng)人口結(jié)構(gòu)、流動(dòng)人口質(zhì)量對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的相互影響的效應(yīng)。 4.建立評(píng)價(jià)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極的指標(biāo)體系,以及分析了在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)極極化效應(yīng)和擴(kuò)散效應(yīng)下的人口流動(dòng)問題。 本文的不足之處是缺乏用人口流動(dòng)的更細(xì)分化的時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù)來建立模型對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、工業(yè)化進(jìn)程相互關(guān)系進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的刻畫,對(duì)一些政策的臨界點(diǎn)和制度改革的時(shí)機(jī)難以準(zhǔn)確量化。
[Abstract]:On March 8, 2007, when attending the deliberations of the Chongqing delegation at the Fifth Session of the Tenth National People's Congress, General Secretary Hu Jintao made three major positioning for the "directional navigation" of Chongqing's work, that is, to speed up the construction of Chongqing as an important growth pole in the western region, an economic center in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and a direct jurisdiction for the overall development of urban and rural areas. Based on the strategic decision to build Chongqing into an important growth pole, this paper studies the history, current situation and trend of population mobility in this context, and the role of population mobility in promoting economic growth pole.
Population migration is the object of demography research, and population mobility is a special phenomenon after the relaxation of the census register system. Since the gradual reform in China, population migration has become a development phenomenon. The study has important practical and theoretical significance.In the early period of reform and opening up, China was a dual economy with unlimited labor supply of Lewis-style.Until 2004, there was a "shortage of migrant workers" and "shortage of skilled workers" in the Pearl River Delta region. The tide of population migration has gradually changed from one-way flow in the 1990s to two-way flow. After the implementation of the western development, the return flow has become another social landscape in the new century.
After 30 years of development, the Pearl River Delta, the Yangtze River Delta and the Bohai Rim have become three important economic growth poles in the eastern region. Under the background of the continuous layout of the "reform pilot area", Chongqing has been required to develop into an important economic growth pole in the western region. In addition, the rural labor force "limited surplus", how to guide the flow of population to promote Chongqing's economy The formation and sustainable development of growth pole is an important problem for policy makers.
At present, there are few papers which combine the general law of population flow with the particularity of Chongqing's economy and society in theory, and there is even less research on the turning point of population flow, the relationship between population flow and the economic development stage of Chongqing, and the characteristics reflecting the trend of population flow. The scope of sociological and economic research, and to some extent, there is still a "different disciplines can not be effective dialogue between different disciplines, different disciplines on the study of population mobility is still in a state of self-talk, hindering the in-depth study." This paper attempts to use the combination of these disciplines, the flow of population. As the basic red line of Chongqing's economic development, to prevent the study of population flow from dissociating from economic development and social development, not only from the macro point of view, but also from the micro point of view to carefully investigate and carefully verify, so as to prevent the emergence of "hollowing" of the study, and to integrate this major development phenomenon of population flow into Chongqing. In the course of economic development, from a logical and historical point of view, this paper makes a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the historical accumulation and realistic motive force of Chongqing's economic growth pole. The eastern region has unique policy advantages; the second is that the income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing and the whole country can not be as big as the gap between the eastern region and the whole country, and can not form the "potential energy" of the income gap; the third is that after 30 years of reform and development, the system related to population mobility is undergoing a new turning point. Point, the household registration system has not been completely liberalized, the national regional, urban and rural integration of social security system has not yet been fully established, these system changes are in the breeding.
In fact, the population flow in Chongqing has appeared since the opening of the port. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, the inter-provincial population flow was the largest in scale and scope at that time, but the scale of urban-rural population flow was small. In the new century, the population flow between urban and rural areas and between districts and counties is accelerating. However, when the rural labor force goes out to seek non-agricultural employment, due to the lag of the government's public governance model and related system construction, it can not realize the transformation of peasants'identity to citizenship, which hinders the population's urban and rural areas to a certain extent. How can Chongqing become an important economic growth pole in the West under the existing constraints?
In the process of forming Chongqing's economic growth pole, the household registration system and social security system are important systems involving the relationship between urban and rural areas, the core system of population migration and the citizenization of peasant workers, and the important content of government governance. Improving the quality of floating population and optimizing the structure of floating population, coordinating the two labor markets at home and abroad, increasing the inflow of high-quality talents, transforming the stock of population resources into the advantages of human capital, and guiding the inflow of labor resources into the economic hinterland.
The structure and main points of this article are as follows:
First of all, the introduction mainly expounds the research background, the main purpose, the significance, the research methods, the data sources and the structure of this paper. Decision-making of public policies and the timing, target models and operational procedures for promoting economic and social system reforms.
Secondly, the paper summarizes the literature on the theory of population flow and economic growth pole, mainly introduces the theory and types of population flow, the evolution of labor migration theory at home and abroad and the latest research results in the world, the theory of economic growth pole at home and abroad and the theoretical results of combining the two theories, and gives the economic growth of this paper. The results of previous studies provide some theoretical support for this research topic.
Thirdly, it clarifies the relationship between population flow and economic growth pole, mainly introduces the interaction and dialectical relationship between population flow and economic growth pole, and analyzes the important role of population flow in the formation and development of economic growth pole.
Fourthly, the paper expounds the population flow and the economic development of Chongqing in modern times.It mainly introduces the population flow and the economic development of Chongqing in modern times, the population flow and the economic development of Chongqing in the period of opening a port, the population and the economic development of Chongqing from the 1911 Revolution to the Anti-Japanese War, the population situation of Chongqing in the period of Anti-Japanese War, and the economic development of Chongqing in the period of Anti-Japanese The form of war is also an important factor affecting the flow of population and the quality of floating population plays an important role in promoting the economic development of Chongqing during the Anti-Japanese War.
Fifthly, this paper expounds the relationship between population flow and the economic development of contemporary Chongqing. It mainly introduces the important role of the third-line construction in promoting the economic development of Chongqing, the migration of population in the Three Gorges Project in Chongqing reservoir area. From the industrial structure, ownership structure, the degree of urbanization analysis; floating population structure on economic growth impact analysis, floating population quality on economic growth impact analysis, population flow on economic growth effect analysis, population flow and industrial structure upgrade correlation analysis, population flow and economic development in Chongqing grey It is pointed out that the population inflow and outflow have greater impact on economic growth and the quality of floating population plays an important role in promoting economic growth.
Sixthly, it clarifies the population flow in the process of forming and developing the economic growth pole. It analyzes the necessary conditions for building the economic growth pole from the composition factors of the economic growth pole and the two effects of the economic growth pole. It also analyzes the evaluation index system of the formation of the growth pole. Analytical method and principal component analysis method are used to evaluate and analyze the population flow in the growth pole theory, which mainly analyzes the change and adjustment of population flow in the economic growth region, the formation of population flow and economic growth pole, the population flow under the economic growth pole effect, especially the population flow and people under the polarization effect and diffusion effect. The polarization effect of population flow on Chongqing's economic growth is pointed out. It is more important for Chongqing to promote the formation of growth pole by population inflow in the process of building economic growth pole. The formation of growth pole should be guided by population inflow in economic hinterland and broadening international horizon rather than the transfer of labor force in Chongqing.
Seventh, the main conclusions and policy recommendations of the study are refined. The main conclusions of the study are drawn based on the analysis of the specific conditions in the preceding sections, and the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward, as well as the problems that need further study in the future. It is pointed out that the quality and structure of the floating population are important factors for the formation and development of the economic growth pole. The port, the wartime capital and the third-line construction are the historical opportunities for the formation of Chongqing's economic growth pole, and the direct jurisdiction is the realistic motive force for the formation of Chongqing's economic growth pole. The public governance mode of the leather government is a matter of great importance for Chongqing to build an important economic growth in the West.
There are some new ideas in the following aspects:
1. Combine population flow with economic growth pole, and analyze the relationship between the regularity of population flow and the characteristics of economic growth pole.
2. From the historical perspective of population flow and economic growth in Chongqing, this paper analyzes the role of population flow in the process of economic development and the historical accumulation of the formation of economic growth pole.
3. The paper analyzes the mutual effects of population flow and economic structure, industrial structure, employment structure and floating population structure, and the quality of floating population on economic growth.
4. Establish the index system to evaluate the economic growth pole, and analyze the problem of population flow under the polarization effect and diffusion effect of economic growth pole.
The disadvantage of this paper is that it is difficult to accurately quantify the critical point of some policies and the timing of institutional reform because of the lack of a more subdivided time series data of population movements to establish a model to describe the relationship between economic growth and industrialization.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：C922;F127

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張杰;太極拳在美國(guó)的傳播及文化影響[D];北京體育大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：2247963