【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,人們的生育觀念的不斷轉(zhuǎn)變,生育率呈現(xiàn)由高到低的趨勢(shì),從而導(dǎo)致少兒人口比例不斷降低；同時(shí),隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高,醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件的逐漸改善,死亡率水平也逐漸降低,人們的預(yù)期壽命不斷延長(zhǎng),使得老年人占總?cè)丝谥械谋戎夭粩嗯噬?2000年,我國(guó)65歲以上人口的比例達(dá)到6.92%,2008年我國(guó)65歲及以上人口有10956萬(wàn)人,占總?cè)丝诒戎氐?.3%,當(dāng)前,老年人口正以年均4.3%的速度增長(zhǎng),隨著我國(guó)的人口老齡化程度不斷加強(qiáng),老齡化的影響也開(kāi)始逐漸顯現(xiàn),主要表現(xiàn)在：社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保障制度尚不完善,公益性老齡服務(wù)設(shè)施、服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)滯后,老齡服務(wù)市場(chǎng)發(fā)育不全、供給不足,老年社會(huì)管理工作相對(duì)薄弱,社會(huì)參與率低下等.目前,龍巖市人口老齡化問(wèn)題也比較嚴(yán)重,全市常住人口中,0-14歲的人口為418126人,占16.34%；15-59歲人口為1778646人,占69.49%；60歲及以上人口為362773人,占14.17%,其中65歲及以上人口為260742人,占10.19%,由此可見(jiàn),老齡化問(wèn)題也必將成為當(dāng)前龍巖市亟待解決的問(wèn)題之一。為此本文通過(guò)2010年第六次全國(guó)人口普查結(jié)果的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),以及問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、訪談法和對(duì)比法,對(duì)龍巖市人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化趨勢(shì)和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行歸納,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析目前龍巖市人口老齡化所帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題,進(jìn)而提出完善老年社會(huì)照顧體系建設(shè),實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng)；提升老年社會(huì)參與水平,實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所為；保障運(yùn)行資金,整合“為老”教育資源,實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所學(xué)；建立切實(shí)可行的社會(huì)保障體系,實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所醫(yī)；豐富老年人的休閑方式,共建充滿活力的老年社會(huì)文化生活,實(shí)現(xiàn)老有所樂(lè)等具體措施,為龍巖市合理解決人口老齡化問(wèn)題提供參考。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the economy, people's concept of fertility has been changing, the fertility rate has shown a trend from high to low, thus leading to a continuous decline in the proportion of children; at the same time, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, With the gradual improvement of medical and health conditions, the level of mortality has gradually decreased, and the life expectancy of people has been increasing, so that the proportion of the elderly in the total population has been rising. The proportion of population over 65 in our country has reached 6.92%. In 2008, there were 109.56 million people aged 65 and over in our country, accounting for 8.3% of the total population. At present, the elderly population is increasing at an average annual rate of 4.3%. The impact of aging is also beginning to appear, mainly in the following aspects: the social old-age security system is not yet perfect, the public welfare service facilities for the elderly, the construction of service networks lag behind, the aging service market is not fully developed, and the supply is insufficient. At present, the aging problem of the population in Longyan City is also quite serious. Of the resident population in the city, 418126 are aged 0-14, 1778646 are aged 15-59, 362773 are aged 69.4960 and above, and 260742 are 65 years old and over, among whom 260742 are aged 65 and above. Accounting for 10.19, it can be seen that the aging problem will become one of the urgent problems in Longyan City. Therefore, through the relevant data of the sixth National population Census in 2010, as well as questionnaire survey, interview and contrast, this paper summarizes the dynamic trend and characteristics of the population age structure in Longyan City. On this basis, this paper analyzes the problems caused by the aging of the population in Longyan City, and then proposes to improve the construction of the social care system for the elderly, to achieve a sense of security for the elderly; to enhance the participation level of the elderly society, to achieve a sense of security for the elderly; to ensure the operation of funds; Integrate the educational resources for the aged, realize the education of the aged, establish a feasible social security system to achieve medical treatment for the elderly, enrich the leisure ways of the elderly, and jointly build up a vibrant social and cultural life for the elderly. The concrete measures, such as realizing the aged and so on, provide a reference for Longyan City to solve the problem of aging population reasonably.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2

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