本文選題：日本的高齡化 + 影響��； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：日本是世界上高齡化發(fā)展進(jìn)程最快的國家之一,據(jù)預(yù)測在2025年日本將進(jìn)入超高齡社會,到時(shí),日本人口中每四個(gè)人里面便有一個(gè)人是65歲以上。中國是在1999年進(jìn)入高齡化社會(當(dāng)時(shí)中國人口中65歲以上的老年人占總?cè)丝诘谋戎厥?.2%),至今已經(jīng)十幾年了。中國是發(fā)展中國家中第一個(gè)步入高齡化社會的國家。中日兩國雖然在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平上有所不同,但兩個(gè)在人口年齡構(gòu)造方面卻有著許多相似的地方。通過分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),中日兩國的相似點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方圓： 一,兩國的高齡化都表現(xiàn)為出生率的持續(xù)下降以及平均壽命的大幅延長。 二,兩國在人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)中,都經(jīng)歷了生產(chǎn)年齡人口在總?cè)丝谥兴急嚷瘦^高,撫養(yǎng)率較低的“黃金年齡構(gòu)成”時(shí)期。 三,中日兩國在高齡化的進(jìn)程中都表現(xiàn)出人口的高齡化程度高,速度快等特征。(高齡人口在總?cè)丝谥兴嫉谋嚷蕪?%到14%只用了僅僅三十年時(shí)間,而西方發(fā)達(dá)國家經(jīng)歷這一過程少則30、40年,多則需要50、60年以上) 因?yàn)橛幸陨蠋醉?xiàng)共同點(diǎn),本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用人口學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論,搜集大量最新數(shù)據(jù),論證了人口老齡化對日本勞動(dòng)力供給及企業(yè)雇傭體制、社會保障制度、勞動(dòng)年齡人口負(fù)擔(dān),產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及日本內(nèi)需型主導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)略等方面的產(chǎn)生的不良影響,可以通過采取相應(yīng)的政策措施,使之減少或消除。以此為基礎(chǔ),本文對我國如何應(yīng)對人口老齡化,提出了一些針對性的建議和設(shè)想。
[Abstract]:Japan is one of the fastest aging countries in the world. It is predicted that Japan will enter an advanced age society in 2025, when one out of every four people in the Japanese population will be over 65 years old. China entered an aging society in 1999, when the proportion of the population aged 65 and above was 8.2% of the total population, and it has been for more than a decade. China is the first developing country to step into an aging society. Although China and Japan have different levels of economic development, the two countries have many similarities in terms of population age structure. Through analysis, we can find that the similarities between China and Japan can be seen in the following aspects: first, the aging of the two countries is characterized by a continuous decline in the birth rate and a substantial increase in the average life expectancy. Second, the two countries have experienced a period of "golden age composition" in which the proportion of the population of productive age in the total population is higher and the dependency ratio is lower in the changing age structure of the population. Third, in the process of aging, both China and Japan have the characteristics of high population aging and high speed. (the proportion of older people in the total population ranges from 7% to 14% in only 30 years, compared with 30, 40, or more than 50, 60 years in the western developed world.) because there are several things in common. On the basis of previous studies, this paper uses the theories of demography and economics to collect a large number of latest data, and proves that the aging of the population affects the supply of Japanese labor force, the employment system of enterprises, the social security system, and the burden of working-age population. The negative effects of the adjustment of industrial structure and the leading strategy of domestic demand in Japan can be reduced or eliminated by adopting corresponding policy measures. On the basis of this, this paper puts forward some suggestions and ideas on how to deal with the aging of the population in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：C924.313;C924.24

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本文編號：2110017