本文選題：計(jì)劃生育 + 二胎�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展,人口老齡化加速、人口性別比失衡、人口整體素質(zhì)不高,以及人口增長(zhǎng)給環(huán)境帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題,都是與人們生活息息相關(guān)的人口問(wèn)題。是否該允許生育二胎以及政策如何微調(diào),已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)前計(jì)劃生育政策研究的一個(gè)焦點(diǎn)。二胎政策調(diào)整之說(shuō)由來(lái)已久。但是中國(guó)當(dāng)前龐大的人口基數(shù)無(wú)疑是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的問(wèn)題。二胎政策一旦放開(kāi),將有多少人響應(yīng)政策號(hào)召,釋放壓抑己久的生育愿望而生育二胎? 本文從計(jì)劃生育政策角度入手,在整理大量文獻(xiàn)資料的基礎(chǔ)上,利用“關(guān)于金州新區(qū)生育‘二胎’情況”的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查獲取實(shí)證數(shù)據(jù),采用將理論與實(shí)證研究相結(jié)合的方法,在此方法論框架內(nèi)來(lái)檢驗(yàn)和評(píng)估金州新區(qū)生育“二胎”情況,并大膽提出對(duì)金州新區(qū)生育“二胎”進(jìn)行政策微調(diào)的建議,進(jìn)而為全國(guó)進(jìn)行計(jì)劃生育政策的微調(diào)提供調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)和理論參考。本文在全區(qū)范圍內(nèi)選取三個(gè)具有代表性的街道,每個(gè)街道選取兩個(gè)社區(qū)(村)作為樣本進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究。本次調(diào)查中一共發(fā)放問(wèn)卷共有600份,經(jīng)統(tǒng)計(jì)成功收回并有效的問(wèn)卷共有598份,從而取得了有關(guān)金州新區(qū)來(lái)自于不同性別、不同年齡階段、不同婚姻狀況、不同受教育情況人群對(duì)于生育第二胎子女意愿的第一手?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)。本文就金州新區(qū)生育意愿和金州新區(qū)生育狀況進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究,分別對(duì)金州新區(qū)未婚、已婚人群生育意愿,平均期望子女?dāng)?shù),生育意愿與年齡和文化程度的關(guān)系以及金州新區(qū)生育觀念、生育行為、生育知識(shí)幾個(gè)維度進(jìn)行調(diào)查研究并得出結(jié)論。 金州新區(qū)老齡化嚴(yán)懲,人口呈現(xiàn)負(fù)增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì),考慮到生育政策對(duì)人口和生育率變化的滯后性,以及發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家應(yīng)對(duì)低生育率的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),筆者認(rèn)為,最為可行的方案是“分放二孩”,即分區(qū)域分步驟逐漸有層次的允許生育二胎,這樣即充分考慮了政策調(diào)整時(shí)問(wèn)的緊迫性,又保證社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展與建設(shè)在穩(wěn)定的人口環(huán)境下有序進(jìn)行。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the population aging accelerates, the population sex ratio is out of balance, the overall quality of the population is not high, and the population growth brings problems to the environment, which are closely related to people's life. Whether to allow a second child and how to fine-tune the policy has become a focus of current family planning policy research. The theory of two-child policy adjustment has a long history. But China's current huge population base is undoubtedly a real problem. Once the second child policy is liberalized, how many people will respond to the policy call and release their long-suppressed desire to have a second child? From the perspective of family planning policy, based on a large amount of literature, this paper uses the questionnaire survey on the 'second child' situation in Jinzhou New District to obtain the empirical data, and adopts the method of combining the theory with the empirical research. Within the framework of this methodology, it is necessary to examine and evaluate the situation of "second child" in Jinzhou New District, and to make bold suggestions for fine-tuning the policy of giving birth to "second child" in Jinzhou New District. And then for the national fine-tuning of family planning policy to provide research data and theoretical reference. In this paper, three representative streets are selected in the whole district, and two communities (villages) are selected for investigation. A total of 600 questionnaires were sent out in this survey, and a total of 598 questionnaires were successfully collected and valid through statistics. As a result, the Jinzhou New District came from different gender, different age stages, and different marital status. First-hand data on the willingness of people with different educational backgrounds to have a second child. In this paper, the fertility intention of Jinzhou New District and the fertility status of Jinzhou New District are investigated, and the average number of expected children among unmarried and married population in Jinzhou New District is analyzed respectively. The relationship between fertility intention and age and education level, as well as the dimensions of fertility concept, reproductive behavior and fertility knowledge in Jinzhou New District were investigated and concluded. The aging of Jinzhou New area is severely punished, and the population shows a negative growth trend. Considering the lag of fertility policy on population and fertility changes, and the experiences and lessons of developed countries in dealing with low fertility rate, the author thinks, The most feasible option is to "divide the two children", that is, to allow for the birth of a second child step by step, in a manner that takes full account of the urgency of policy adjustments, Social and economic development and construction in a stable population environment carried out in an orderly manner.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：C924.21

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