本文選題：甘南藏族自治州 + 人口�。� 參考：《北京林業(yè)大學》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 甘南藏族自治州主要以傳統(tǒng)畜牧業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)為主,貧困人口比重大,人口的增長速度快,使人口與糧食、資源、環(huán)境的矛盾日益加劇。研究甘南州的人口與環(huán)境問題,不僅有利于當?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境的保護和建設(shè)與人口問題的解決,也有利于周邊地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民生活水平的提高。甘南州草地植被是這一地區(qū)的主要生態(tài)屏障,關(guān)系著周邊地區(qū)的生態(tài)安全。 論文概括和總結(jié)了前人對人口與環(huán)境問題研究的理論成果,在社會調(diào)查和收集相關(guān)文獻資料的基礎(chǔ)上,對以下問題逐次展開研究。 界定人口與環(huán)境問題研究的相關(guān)概念,提出甘南藏族自治州人口與環(huán)境問題的分析框架。在此基礎(chǔ)上,歸納了研究甘南州人口與環(huán)境問題的理論基礎(chǔ)。與甘南州人口與環(huán)境問題研究的相關(guān)理論主要有適度人口理論、人口轉(zhuǎn)變理論、發(fā)展與環(huán)境的關(guān)系理論、外部性理論、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論和科學發(fā)展觀。 根據(jù)甘南州自然資源和生態(tài)環(huán)境的歷史以及現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查,甘南州的自然資源豐富,生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞嚴重,環(huán)境保護和建設(shè)的力度在不斷加大。但是,甘南藏族自治州生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化的局面還沒有得到根本扭轉(zhuǎn),草場“三化”問題嚴重,森林遭到破壞,水資源日益緊張,生物多樣性銳減,水土流失加劇。研究了甘南州人口發(fā)展狀況,尤其是對甘南州的人口規(guī)模、人口過程、人口結(jié)構(gòu)、計劃生育和人口控制問題作了詳細的考察�？傮w上看,甘南藏族自治州的人口轉(zhuǎn)變處與高出生率和低死亡率為特征的第二階段,這個階段的人口對環(huán)境的壓力最大。 甘南藏族自治州的人口與環(huán)境關(guān)系具有明顯的緊張性、急迫性、長期性特點。影響甘南州生態(tài)環(huán)境的主要人口因素是：人口增長速度過快、貧困人口比較多、生態(tài)移民以及主體人口從事的產(chǎn)業(yè)-畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式和甘南人口的環(huán)境意識。從人口、資源、經(jīng)濟匹配模式關(guān)系的類型分,甘南州屬于超載類的第一種情況,即：er1,人口經(jīng)濟壓力大于人口資源壓力,且兩者承載力都超載。 用社會學的方法對甘南州的環(huán)境問題做了問卷調(diào)查和案例研究,考察了當?shù)鼐用駥Νh(huán)境問題的認識、理解和建議。 提出了甘南藏族自治州人口、資源與環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的對策：發(fā)展甘南經(jīng)濟促進人口轉(zhuǎn)變與環(huán)境保護；強化政府干預(yù)與政策協(xié)調(diào),實現(xiàn)人口與環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展；落實計劃生育政策,長期不懈地控制甘南人口增長；落實科學發(fā)展觀,進一步推進甘南州生態(tài)環(huán)境治理；繼續(xù)貫徹實施《全國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護綱要》,促進甘南州環(huán)境保護；開展環(huán)境教育,提高甘南人口的環(huán)境保護意識。
[Abstract]:Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is dominated by traditional animal husbandry and agriculture, with a large proportion of the poor population and rapid population growth, which makes the contradiction between population and grain, resources and environment more and more serious. The study of population and environment in Gannan is not only conducive to the protection and construction of local ecological environment and the solution of population problems, but also conducive to the improvement of ecological environment and people's living standard in the surrounding areas. Grassland vegetation in Gannan is the main ecological barrier in this area, which is related to the ecological security of surrounding areas. This paper summarizes and summarizes the theoretical achievements of previous researches on population and environment. Based on social investigation and collection of relevant literature, the following problems are studied successively. This paper defines the related concepts of population and environment problems, and puts forward the analytical framework of population and environment problems in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. On this basis, the theoretical basis for the study of population and environment in Gannan is summarized. The theories related to the study of population and environment in Gannan mainly include moderate population theory, population transition theory, relation theory between development and environment, externality theory, sustainable development theory and scientific development view. According to the investigation of the history and present situation of natural resources and ecological environment in Gannan Prefecture, the natural resources in Gannan Prefecture are abundant, the ecological environment is destroyed seriously, and the intensity of environmental protection and construction is increasing continuously. However, the deterioration of ecological environment in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture has not been fundamentally reversed, the "three modernizations" in grassland are serious, forests are destroyed, water resources are increasingly tight, biodiversity is decreasing sharply, and soil erosion is aggravated. The population development in Gannan is studied, especially the population size, population process, population structure, family planning and population control in Gannan. In general, the population transition in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is associated with the second stage characterized by high birth rate and low mortality rate, and this stage has the greatest population pressure on the environment. The relationship between population and environment in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture is characterized by obvious tension, urgency and long term. The main population factors affecting the ecological environment in Gannan are: rapid population growth, large number of poor people, ecological migration and the industrial-animal husbandry production mode of the main population and the environmental awareness of the Gannan population. According to the types of population, resources and economic matching patterns, Gannan belongs to the first case of overload category, that is, the population economic pressure is greater than the population resource pressure, and the carrying capacity of both is overloaded. A questionnaire survey and a case study of environmental problems in Gannan state were carried out by means of sociology, and the understanding, understanding and suggestions of local residents on environmental problems were investigated. The countermeasures of the coordinated development of population, resources and environment in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture are put forward: to develop Gannan economy to promote population transformation and environmental protection, to strengthen government intervention and policy coordination, and to realize the sustainable development of population and environment. To implement the family planning policy, to control the population growth in Gannan for a long time; to implement the scientific concept of development, to further promote the ecological environment management in Gannan; to continue to implement the National Program for the Protection of the Ecological Environment, and to promote environmental protection in Gannan; Environmental education should be carried out to improve the awareness of environmental protection of the Gannan population.
【學位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：C924.2;X2

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本文編號：2054189