本文選題：生態(tài)足跡 + 生態(tài)承載力��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：河北省位于中國華北平原的北部,黃河下游之北,環(huán)抱北京和天津兩大都市,在京津冀經(jīng)濟(jì)圈中居重要位置。改革開放以來,河北省經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會等方面取得了較大的成就,為環(huán)京津經(jīng)濟(jì)圈的繁榮和發(fā)展做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)�？墒窃谠撌〗�(jīng)濟(jì)得到快速發(fā)展的同時,其生態(tài)環(huán)境也日益遭到破壞,現(xiàn)已出現(xiàn)諸多生態(tài)問題,如：水資源短缺、水體污染、城市大氣污染以及海洋污染、森林資源破壞嚴(yán)重、植被覆蓋率低等。這一系列生態(tài)問題,對河北省社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展構(gòu)成了嚴(yán)重威脅。因此,可持續(xù)發(fā)展問題引起了全省人民的廣泛關(guān)注,經(jīng)濟(jì)與生態(tài)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展已成為未來河北省社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的根本目標(biāo)。 生態(tài)足跡法是一組基于生物物理量的可持續(xù)發(fā)展度量方法,最先是由加拿大生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家William Rees等在1992年提出,并在1996年由Wackernagel完善的一種生物物理評價方法。生態(tài)足跡的概念和計算模型是張志強等在1999年初次引入國內(nèi),并對我國甘肅省1998年生態(tài)足跡進(jìn)行了實證研究。 本論文以可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論為指導(dǎo),在生態(tài)足跡模型理論和計算方法研究基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)《河北經(jīng)濟(jì)年鑒-2010》對河北省2009年的生態(tài)足跡進(jìn)行了實證分析。結(jié)果顯示：河北省2009年生態(tài)足跡需求為2.9379gha/人,而生態(tài)承載力僅為0.4109gha/人,人均生態(tài)赤字為2.5270gha/人,萬元GDP足跡為1.214gha,生態(tài)協(xié)調(diào)系數(shù)為1.129。綜上可見,該地區(qū)的人類活動對區(qū)域生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的影響已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了其生態(tài)承載力,區(qū)域生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能亟需調(diào)整。針對這種情況,本文對造成河北省生態(tài)赤字的原因進(jìn)行了分析,并提出了一些實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的對策與建議,如繼續(xù)嚴(yán)格控制人口增長、進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、加大保護(hù)耕地力度等。
[Abstract]:Hebei Province is located in the north of the North China Plain, the north of the lower Yellow River, encircling Beijing and Tianjin, and occupies an important position in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic circle. Since the reform and opening up, Hebei Province has made great achievements in economy and society, and has made great contributions to the prosperity and development of the economic circle around Beijing and Tianjin. However, with the rapid development of the province's economy, its ecological environment has been destroyed day by day, and many ecological problems have emerged, such as: water shortage, water pollution, urban air pollution and marine pollution, and the destruction of forest resources is serious. Low vegetation coverage. This series of ecological problems pose a serious threat to the sustainable development of social economy in Hebei Province. Therefore, the sustainable development problem has aroused the widespread concern of the whole province people, the coordinated development of economy and ecology has become the basic goal of the future social and economic development of Hebei Province. Ecological footprint method is a group of biophysical measures for sustainable development, which was first proposed by Canadian ecological economist William Rees et al in 1992 and improved by Wackernagel in 1996. The concept and calculation model of ecological footprint was first introduced into China by Zhang Zhiqiang in 1999, and an empirical study on the ecological footprint of Gansu Province in 1998 was carried out. Guided by the theory of sustainable development and based on the study of ecological footprint model theory and calculation method, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the ecological footprint of Hebei Province in 2009 according to Hebei Economic Yearbook-2010. The results show that the ecological footprint demand of Hebei Province in 2009 is 2.9379gha/, but the ecological carrying capacity is only 0.4109gha/, the per capita ecological deficit is 2.5270gha/, the GDP footprint of 10,000 yuan is 1.214gha. the ecological coordination coefficient is 1.129. It can be seen that the impact of human activities on the regional eco-economic system has far exceeded its ecological carrying capacity, and the structure and function of the regional eco-economic system need to be adjusted urgently. In view of this situation, this paper analyzes the causes of ecological deficit in Hebei Province, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for realizing sustainable development, such as continuing to strictly control population growth and further optimizing industrial structure. Increase protection of cultivated land and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C922

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