本文選題：全面兩孩政策 + 計劃生育�。� 參考：《華僑大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：2016年1月1日,全面兩孩政策在全國各地同步實施,政策明確提出一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子,結(jié)束了我國長達30多年鼓勵一對夫妻只生育一個孩子的生育政策,這是我國計劃生育政策的一次重大調(diào)整。目前,全面兩孩政策已經(jīng)實施滿一周年,為了評估石獅市全面兩孩政策實施效果,本次研究根據(jù)生育政策的特點和評估的可操作性,設置了政策滿意度、政策知曉率、總和生育率、出生人口性別比和出生人流比五個指標作為全面兩孩政策的評估標準,采用查閱文獻、問卷調(diào)查、電話訪談和政策實施前后對比等方法對五個指標進測算。評估結(jié)果認為石獅市全面兩孩政策宣傳力度大,群眾的政策滿意度和知曉率都比較高;通過政策實施前后對比、政策實施效果與預期目標對比,得出全面兩孩政策在短期內(nèi)將提升石獅市的生育水平,但隨著因政策堆積生育需求的釋放完畢和生育旺盛期育齡婦女的減少,生育水平又將迅速回落,2020年石獅市人口總和生育率達到1.8的政策預期目標難以完成;同時認為全面兩孩政策有助于對于降低石獅市出生人口性別比,但政策也存在非預期的不良效果,即政策實施后石獅市孕婦人流引產(chǎn)數(shù)大幅增加。為優(yōu)化石獅市全面兩孩政策的實施效果,本文通過對分析石獅市全面兩孩政策的存在問題及原因,提出如下建議:合理配置公共服務資源,降低群眾的生育成本;完善婦女就業(yè)保障措施,緩解婦女生育和就業(yè)矛盾;規(guī)范孕產(chǎn)婦保健流程,降低婦女生育風險;監(jiān)測評估政策實施效果,適時調(diào)整完善生育政策。
[Abstract]:On January 1, 2016, a comprehensive two-child policy was implemented in all parts of the country. The policy explicitly proposes that a couple can have two children, ending the policy of encouraging a couple to have only one child in our country for more than 30 years. This is a major adjustment of our country's family planning policy. At present, the comprehensive two-child policy has already completed its first anniversary. In order to assess the effect of the comprehensive two-child policy in Shishi City, this study has set up policy satisfaction and policy awareness rates according to the characteristics of the fertility policy and the operability of the evaluation. The total fertility rate, sex ratio of birth population and birth flow ratio are taken as the evaluation criteria of the comprehensive two-child policy. The five indexes are measured by the methods of literature review, questionnaire survey, telephone interview and comparison before and after the implementation of the policy. The evaluation results show that the overall two-child policy in Shishi City is highly publicized, and the policy satisfaction and awareness rate of the masses are relatively high. Through the comparison of the policy implementation before and after the policy implementation, the policy implementation effect is compared with the expected goal. It is concluded that the comprehensive two-child policy will raise the fertility level of Shishi City in the short term, but with the release of the accumulated reproductive demand due to the policy and the decrease of women of childbearing age during the fertile boom period, The fertility level will soon fall back again, and the policy target of reaching 1.8% of the total fertility rate in Shishi City by 2020 will be difficult to achieve. At the same time, it is believed that the comprehensive two-child policy will help to reduce the sex ratio of the population born in Shishi City. However, the policy also has unexpected adverse effects, that is, the number of induced labor of pregnant women in Shishi City increased significantly after the implementation of the policy. In order to optimize the implementation effect of the comprehensive two-child policy in Shishi City, this paper analyzes the existing problems and causes of the two-child policy in Shishi City, and puts forward the following suggestions: reasonable allocation of public service resources to reduce the fertility costs of the masses; We should perfect the measures of ensuring women's employment, alleviate the contradiction between women's birth and employment, standardize the flow of maternal health care, reduce the risk of women's fertility, monitor and evaluate the effect of policy implementation, and adjust and perfect the policy of birth in good time.
【學位授予單位】：華僑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C924.21

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