本文選題：北京 + 人口調(diào)控　； 參考：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)以來,我國(guó)城市化進(jìn)程不斷推進(jìn),全國(guó)人口呈現(xiàn)“東高西低、大都市集聚”的特點(diǎn)。北京是我國(guó)北方典型的大都市,作為我國(guó)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化中心,大規(guī)模、高密度的人口現(xiàn)狀引發(fā)系列城市問題,人口調(diào)控已成為城市發(fā)展過程中的重點(diǎn)。因此,研究非首都功能疏解背景下北京人口調(diào)控政策,對(duì)緩解北京市人口壓力、推動(dòng)城市可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。本文在非首都功能疏解背景下,從現(xiàn)狀研究和經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究?jī)蓚�(gè)層面,研究城市人口發(fā)展政策及其存在的問題,結(jié)合全球特大城市人口調(diào)控策略,為北京市人口調(diào)控提供建議。通過現(xiàn)狀研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)北京市人口發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀具有如下特點(diǎn):(1)北京市人口總量膨脹,密度全國(guó)居首;(2)職住分離現(xiàn)象顯著,人口向近郊區(qū)蔓延。北京市人口規(guī)模、分布的不斷演變引發(fā)人口問題,導(dǎo)致城市問題產(chǎn)生,如城市人口承載過負(fù)、區(qū)域發(fā)展失衡、交通擁堵現(xiàn)象日益嚴(yán)重、土地及住房?jī)r(jià)格上漲、社會(huì)福利面臨挑戰(zhàn)等。為解決上述由人口發(fā)展引發(fā)的城市問題,北京實(shí)行“以房管人、以證管人、以業(yè)控人、城市綜合整治”四位一體的人口調(diào)控政策,但是政策仍不完善,人口流入的根本吸引力仍保持較高水平,難以達(dá)到預(yù)期的人口調(diào)控效果。結(jié)合日本東京、法國(guó)巴黎、英國(guó)倫敦和美國(guó)紐約等國(guó)際大都市人口調(diào)控經(jīng)驗(yàn),在北京市“非首都功能疏解”的戰(zhàn)略背景下,提出以下人口調(diào)控建議:(1)發(fā)揮規(guī)劃與政策的主導(dǎo)作用,構(gòu)建層次化人口規(guī)劃體系,完善流動(dòng)人口管理制度;(2)產(chǎn)業(yè)疏解帶動(dòng)人口疏解,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端產(chǎn)業(yè)外遷,高端產(chǎn)業(yè)保留,引導(dǎo)勞動(dòng)力自發(fā)轉(zhuǎn)移;(3)建設(shè)職住合一的人口空間模式,優(yōu)化人口空間布局,根據(jù)區(qū)域功能定位調(diào)控人口,同步疏解中心城區(qū)人口、城市功能和產(chǎn)業(yè)職能,形成“多中心”的城市人口結(jié)構(gòu),健全京津冀人口協(xié)同管理機(jī)制,積極推動(dòng)河北與天津承接北京人口轉(zhuǎn)移。
[Abstract]:Since the 20th century, the urbanization process of our country has been advancing continuously, the national population presents the characteristic of "the east high and the west low, the metropolis gathering". Beijing is a typical metropolis in the north of China. As the political, economic and cultural center of our country, the large-scale and high-density population situation has caused a series of urban problems. Population control has become the focus in the process of urban development. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the population regulation and control policies in Beijing under the background of non-capital function deconstruction to relieve the population pressure and promote the sustainable development of the city. Under the background of non-capital function, this paper studies the policy of urban population development and its existing problems from two aspects of current situation research and empirical study, and provides some suggestions for population control in Beijing with the combination of population control strategy of global megacities. Through the study of the present situation, it is found that the present situation of population development in Beijing has the following characteristics: 1) the total population of Beijing is expanding, the density of the whole country is the highest in China, the separation of occupation and residence is remarkable, and the population is spreading to the suburbs. The continuous evolution of population size and distribution in Beijing leads to population problems, such as the negative bearing capacity of urban population, the imbalance of regional development, the increasingly serious traffic congestion, and the rise of land and housing prices. Social welfare faces challenges and so on. In order to solve the above-mentioned urban problems caused by population development, Beijing has implemented a four-in-one population control policy of "housing management, certification, and urban comprehensive renovation," but the policy is still not perfect. The fundamental attraction of population inflow remains high, and it is difficult to achieve the expected effect of population control. In combination with the experience of population control in international metropolitan areas such as Tokyo, France, Paris, England, London and New York, the United States, and in the context of Beijing's strategy of "unlocking the functions of non-capital cities," Put forward the following suggestions for population control: 1) give play to the leading role of planning and policy, construct a hierarchical population planning system, and improve the floating population management system. To guide the spontaneous transfer of labor force, to build a population spatial model of integration of occupation and residence, to optimize the population spatial distribution, to adjust and control the population according to the regional function, and to synchronously unblock the population, urban functions and industrial functions in central urban areas. To form "multi-center" urban population structure, perfect the coordination management mechanism of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, and actively promote Hebei and Tianjin to undertake the population transfer in Beijing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2

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