本文選題：GIS + 城市土地利用分類體系�。� 參考：《內蒙古師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的發(fā)展,由于城市化的進程不斷加快,導致城市問題不斷的突出,其中城市人口問題是城市問題最重要的影響因子,因此獲取實時的人口數(shù)據就顯得十分重要。但直到現(xiàn)在,取得人口數(shù)據的方式仍以人口普查為主,不但需要耗費大量的人力物力,而且不能監(jiān)測城市人口的動態(tài)變化。與此同時,通過GIS獲取遙感影像中的信息,估算城市人口數(shù)量,分析城市人口的分布狀況,這樣估算出的人口數(shù)量不但精度高,而且降低了成本,提高了效率,對城市的應急響應等方面意義重大。本文以呼和浩特市賽罕區(qū)為例,通過建立人口密度模型,研究了研究區(qū)一個普通工作日的城市人口分布狀況,根據現(xiàn)有的分類方法建立基于研究區(qū)的城市土地利用分類體系,研究城市人口的時空分布特征,采用目視解譯的方法對研究區(qū)的高分辨率遙感影像進行解譯,得到研究區(qū)的土地利用類型。利用Sketch Up建模軟件建立建筑物三維模型,獲取建筑物高度,并最終得到建筑物的樓層數(shù)。依照城市人口的時間分布特征,根據不同時段的土地利用吸引權值,估算研究區(qū)不同時段每一種土地利用類型的人口密度,通過人口密度模擬出不同時段不同用地類型的人口數(shù)量并制作專題地圖。并對模擬的結果進行分析。得出如下結論:(1)研究區(qū)第一時段和第五時段中,城市人口多在上班下班途中,人口多在交通用地分布。人口數(shù)量在1-197人的地塊面積所占比重為62.6%,以交通設施用地為主,人口數(shù)量在198-593人的地塊面積占比為31%,以中層數(shù)住宅為主,人口數(shù)在594-1197人的地塊面積占其中的3.9%,以學生宿舍和中高層住宅為主,人口數(shù)在1198人以上的地塊面積占比為2.5%,以樓層數(shù)較高的高檔住宅為主。(2)研究區(qū)第二時段和第四時段中,是城市人口上班上學的時段,人口分布數(shù)量較低的(1-534人)的主要為研究區(qū)的零售商業(yè)用地和一部分行政辦公用地,人口分布數(shù)量為(535-1411人)的主要用地類型為教育科研用地的除此之外還包括一些研究區(qū)內的中小型企業(yè)等。用地的人口分布數(shù)為(1412-5409人)主要為一些大型的商業(yè)金融用地如寫字樓,一幢樓有許多公司在此辦公,因此寫字樓通常的人口密度較大。人口分布數(shù)量最高的主要用地類型為生產供應性用地,用地的人口分布數(shù)為(5410人以上)主要是研究區(qū)的大型建筑工地,這里吸引了許多勞動人口。(3)研究區(qū)第三時段主要為午休和就餐的時段,經統(tǒng)計得,93.4%的用地人口分布數(shù)量較低,人口數(shù)量在1-650人之間,主要為小商鋪、小餐館等商業(yè)用地及中低層住宅。人口數(shù)量在651-1414人的用地面積占比為4.5%,主要有研究區(qū)的中高層住宅以及大型商場和中高檔酒店餐飲用地,人口數(shù)量在1415人以上的地塊面積所占比重為2.1%。主要有研究區(qū)內一些高檔住宅及學生宿舍用地等。(4)研究區(qū)第六時段主要為購物、休閑、鍛煉的時段,人口分布數(shù)量較多的主要是研究區(qū)的廣場和公園等用地,以及大型商場和文化體育用地。(5)研究區(qū)第七時段為夜間時段,人口多集中分布在居住用地和宿舍用地。
[Abstract]:With the development of the society, the urban problem is becoming more and more serious because of the accelerating process of urbanization. The urban population problem is the most important factor of the urban problem. Therefore, it is very important to obtain the real time population data. But until now, the way to obtain the population data is still based on the census, not only needs to be consumed. A lot of manpower and material resources can not monitor the dynamic changes of urban population. At the same time, the information in the remote sensing image is obtained by GIS, the population of the city is estimated and the distribution of urban population is analyzed. So the estimated population not only has high precision, but also reduces the cost, improves the efficiency and the emergency response to the city. This paper takes Saihan District of Hohhot as an example. Through the establishment of population density model, this paper studies the distribution of urban population in an ordinary working day in the study area. According to the existing classification methods, the classification system of urban land use based on the research area is set up, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of urban population are studied, and visual interpretation is adopted. The method is used to interpret the high resolution remote sensing image of the study area and get the type of land use in the study area. Using the Sketch Up modeling software to establish the building 3D model, obtain the height of the building, and finally get the number of floors of the building. According to the characteristics of the time distribution of the urban population, the estimation of the land use attraction value according to the different period of time is estimated. The population density of each type of land use type in different period of time is studied. The population density of different land use types is simulated by population density and the thematic map is made. The results are analyzed. The following conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) in the first and fifth periods of the study area, the population of the city is mostly on the way to work, the population is on the way to work. The proportion of the land area of the 1-197 people is 62.6%, the proportion of the land area of the land area is 62.6%, the land area is mainly with the traffic facilities, the total area of the 198-593 people is 31%, the number of houses in the middle storeys is the main, the area of the population is 3.9% of the land area of the 594-1197 people, with the students' dormitories and the middle and high rise houses as the main, the population number of 11 is 11. The proportion of land area of more than 98 people is 2.5%, the high grade residence with higher number of floors is the main. (2) in the second and fourth period of the study area, it is the time for the urban population to go to work, the lower number of population distribution (1-534 people) is the retail commercial land and a part of administrative office land in the study area, and the population distribution is 535-141. The main types of land use for the 1 people are the small and medium enterprises in some research areas. The population distribution of land use (1412-5409 people) is mainly a number of large commercial and financial places such as office buildings, and a large number of companies are working here, so the population density of the office is usually large. Population distribution. The highest number of major land use types for the production of supply land, the population distribution number of land use (more than 5410 people) is mainly a large construction site in the study area, which attracts a lot of working population. (3) the third period of the study area is mainly the lunch break and lunch time period, 93.4% of the land population distribution is low, the population number is Among the 1-650 people, mainly small shops, small restaurants and other commercial land and low - and middle - level residential areas. The population of 651-1414 people is 4.5% of the land area. There are middle and high rise houses in the study area, large shopping malls and middle and high grade hotels, and the proportion of land area with the population of more than 1415 people is 2.1%. mainly research area. (4) the sixth period of the study area is mainly for shopping, leisure and exercise. The majority of the population distribution is the place of square and park in the study area, as well as the large shopping mall and cultural and sports land. (5) the seventh period of the study area is night time, the population is concentrated in the residential land. And dorm land.

【學位授予單位】：內蒙古師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C924.2

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