本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)因素 + 出生性別比　； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)80年代以來，中國(guó)出現(xiàn)了持續(xù)的出生人口性別比持續(xù)攀高的現(xiàn)象，迄今尚未逆轉(zhuǎn)。在中國(guó)現(xiàn)階段,人均收入水平、社會(huì)保障實(shí)力、地區(qū)發(fā)展的不平衡等因素,通過性別觀念、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)、社會(huì)保障、技術(shù)條件等中間因素,構(gòu)成影響我國(guó)出生人口性別比偏高的主要原因之一。 本文通過闡述我國(guó)出生人口性別比的發(fā)展進(jìn)程，并充分利用歷次全國(guó)人口普查和大型抽樣調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)，結(jié)合經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行深入發(fā)掘，采用定量分析方法對(duì)出生性別比動(dòng)態(tài)趨勢(shì)及其規(guī)律進(jìn)行描述統(tǒng)計(jì)，并對(duì)影響出生性別比水平和特征的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口因素進(jìn)行定量統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。文中在分析我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)出生性別比的分貢獻(xiàn)率后不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)模較小的近海內(nèi)陸區(qū)對(duì)出生性別比的貢獻(xiàn)率影響較大；鄉(xiāng)村較高的出生性別比對(duì)總體出生性別比的升高起到?jīng)Q定性作用。在此基礎(chǔ)上筆者進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)定量研究，選取河北省各縣、（市）人口出生性別比數(shù)據(jù)與調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)為依據(jù)，做出相關(guān)關(guān)系的測(cè)算與分析，可以看出河北省各縣、（市）人口出生性別比與各項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)之間表現(xiàn)出復(fù)雜的曲線關(guān)系，而男孩偏好即是出生性別比升高的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因，證實(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素對(duì)出生人口性別比的影響確實(shí)存在。即在人們生活水平較低時(shí),由于涉及到自身生活質(zhì)量、養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)保障等一系列切身問題,人們比較樂意生育男孩。 本文將經(jīng)濟(jì)因素作為切入點(diǎn)，認(rèn)為在人口控制的政策效應(yīng)正在不斷弱化的當(dāng)下，社會(huì)文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素開始逐步超越政策因素成為影響人們、特別是農(nóng)村育齡夫婦生育行為的主導(dǎo)力量，人口與計(jì)劃生育事業(yè)的向前推進(jìn)，需要以生育文化為成長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)的制度創(chuàng)新和以經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展為支撐的利益導(dǎo)向，努力促進(jìn)出生性別比的平衡，實(shí)現(xiàn)人口社會(huì)的和諧發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, China has seen a constant rise in the sex ratio of births, which has not yet been reversed.At the present stage in China, the level of per capita income, the strength of social security, the imbalance in regional development, and other factors, such as gender concepts, family structure, social security, technical conditions, etc., are among the intermediate factors.One of the main reasons for the high sex ratio of birth population in China.This paper expounds the development process of the sex ratio of the birth population in China, and makes full use of the basic data of the previous national population censuses and large-scale sample surveys, and combines the data of the empirical research to deeply explore.The dynamic trend and regularity of sex ratio at birth were described by quantitative analysis method, and the socio-economic and demographic factors affecting the level and characteristics of sex ratio at birth were analyzed quantitatively.After analyzing the contribution rate of economic factors to the birth sex ratio in China, it is not difficult to find that the small scale offshore inland area of export-oriented economy has a great influence on the birth sex ratio.The higher birth sex ratio in rural areas plays a decisive role in increasing the overall birth sex ratio.On this basis, the author carried out a quantitative study, selected the data of birth sex ratio of population in various counties (cities) of Hebei Province and the survey data and economic indicators as the basis, and made the calculation and analysis of the related relations.It can be seen that there is a complex curve relationship between the birth sex ratio and various economic indicators in the counties (cities) of Hebei Province, and the male preference is the intrinsic cause of the increase of the birth sex ratio.It is proved that the influence of economic factors on the sex ratio of birth population does exist.That is, when people's living standard is low, people are more willing to bear boys because of a series of personal problems such as quality of life, pension insurance and so on.This article regards the economic factor as the starting point, and thinks that at the moment when the policy effect of population control is weakening, the sociocultural and economic factors begin to surpass the policy factor and become the influence of the people.In particular, the dominant force of reproductive behavior of couples of childbearing age in rural areas and the advancement of population and family planning need institutional innovation based on fertility culture as the growth point and interest orientation supported by economic development.Efforts will be made to promote the balance of the sex ratio at birth and to achieve harmonious development of the population and society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：C924.21

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