本文選題：全面兩孩政策 + 育齡夫婦��； 參考：《河北大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：為促進我國人口均衡發(fā)展,延緩人口老齡化進程,中共十八屆五中全會決定啟動全面兩孩生育政策,一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子。生育政策的影響力有多大,未來人口發(fā)展趨勢如何,一個重要的預測指標就是生育意愿。本論文以邯鄲市為例,選取城鎮(zhèn)已婚育齡夫婦作為目標群體進行生育意愿調查研究。由于政策出臺時間不長,本研究具有一定領先性和創(chuàng)新性。本論文從生育目的、意愿生育子女數(shù)、意愿生育性別、意愿生育時間四個維度全面、系統(tǒng)地分析了調查對象的生育意愿。結果表明,人們的生育目的不再是追求子女的物質效用,而是更加重視子女的精神慰藉效用,而且較少受到周圍環(huán)境和傳統(tǒng)生育觀念的影響。在意愿生育子女數(shù)方面,普遍希望生育2個孩子,年齡、性別、受教育程度、家庭月收入等個人因素對意愿生育子女數(shù)具有一定影響,已婚并育有一孩人群中31-35歲的被調查者二孩生育意愿最強,隨著年齡的增大,二孩生育意愿迅速降低。在意愿生育性別方面,性別偏好已不太明顯,但超過半數(shù)的被調查者希望兒女雙全,男性表現(xiàn)出較強的男孩偏好,女性表現(xiàn)出較強的女孩偏好。調查對象的意愿初婚年齡平均在25歲左右,希望在結婚后1-2年內生育子女,即意愿初育年齡在26-27歲之間。論文分析了影響已婚育齡夫婦生育意愿的主要因素。經濟因素從收入和支出兩方面對適齡人群的生育意愿產生重要影響。當社會角色和家庭角色發(fā)生沖突,需要在兩者之間進行抉擇時,個人發(fā)展因素會影響二孩生育意愿。生育政策對生育意愿有一定影響,全面兩孩政策順應民心,眾望所歸。傳統(tǒng)生育觀念、孩子的照料問題、養(yǎng)老問題也對生育意愿有一定影響。邯鄲市城鎮(zhèn)育齡夫婦生育意愿呈現(xiàn)出的更加理性、現(xiàn)代生育觀念逐漸形成、性別偏好逐漸減弱、經濟因素和個人發(fā)展都將影響二孩生育意愿的幾大特征。
[Abstract]:In order to promote the balanced development of China's population and delay the aging process of the population, the Fifth Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee decided to launch a comprehensive two-child policy, a couple can have two children.An important predictor of the impact of fertility policy and the population trend in the future is fertility intention.Taking Handan City as an example, this paper selects married couples of childbearing age in cities as target groups to investigate their fertility intentions.As the policy is not long, this study has a certain lead and innovation.In this paper, the author systematically analyzes the fertility intention of the subjects from four dimensions: the purpose of fertility, the number of children willing to bear, the sex of willing to bear, and the time of willing to bear.The results show that the purpose of fertility is no longer to pursue the material utility of children, but to pay more attention to the spiritual comfort utility of children, and is less affected by the surrounding environment and traditional conception of fertility.In terms of the number of children who wish to have children, it is generally hoped to have 2 children. Age, sex, education level, monthly family income and other personal factors have certain influence on the number of children who wish to have children.The two children aged 31-35 years were the strongest among the married and one-child population, and with the increase of age, the second child fertility willingness decreased rapidly.In the aspect of willing to have sex, the gender preference is not obvious, but more than half of the respondents want to have both children, men show a stronger preference for boys and women for strong preference for girls.The mean age of first marriage was about 25 years old, and they hoped to have children within 1-2 years after marriage, that is, the mean age of first childbearing was between 26 and 27 years old.The paper analyzes the main factors that affect the fertility intention of married couples of childbearing age.Economic factors play an important role in the reproductive willingness of the age group in terms of income and expenditure.When there is a conflict between social and family roles, personal development factors may influence the willingness to have children.Fertility policy has certain influence on fertility intention.Traditional fertility concept, child care, pension issues also have a certain impact on fertility intention.The childbearing intention of couples of childbearing age in Handan city is more rational, the modern conception of fertility is gradually formed, the gender preference is gradually weakened, and the economic factors and personal development will affect several characteristics of the desire of the second child.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C924.21

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