本文選題：吉林省　切入點(diǎn)：人口結(jié)構(gòu)　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近年來人口問題一度成為全國關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)問題,譬如人口老齡化進(jìn)程加快、人口性別比失衡、人口城鎮(zhèn)化率越來越高、全面放開二胎等等。這一切問題都屬于人口結(jié)構(gòu)的理論范疇。人口結(jié)構(gòu)與經(jīng)濟(jì)之間的關(guān)系是研究所有人口問題中最基本的出發(fā)點(diǎn)之一,穩(wěn)定的人口數(shù)量和合理的人口結(jié)構(gòu)是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展的必要保證。調(diào)整人口結(jié)構(gòu),最終的目的就是為了使人口結(jié)構(gòu)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相適應(yīng)。本文是從吉林省人口結(jié)構(gòu)的角度出發(fā),通過對(duì)吉林省人口的年齡結(jié)構(gòu)、性別結(jié)構(gòu)、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、文化結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀和變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)吉林省人口老齡化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重、人口城鎮(zhèn)化率增長緩慢等問題。為了探究吉林省人口結(jié)構(gòu)與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長之間的關(guān)系,本文選取了人口結(jié)構(gòu)的部分指標(biāo)包括65歲以上老年人口占總?cè)丝诒戎�、二三產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)人口比重之和、人口城鎮(zhèn)化率、平均每萬人在校大學(xué)生占總學(xué)生比重和人均GDP等相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),把人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu)、人口城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu)、人口文化結(jié)構(gòu)、人口產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,得出了吉林省人口結(jié)構(gòu)各要素與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長之間的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)吉林省人口老齡化趨勢(shì)日漸嚴(yán)重,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響;人口城鎮(zhèn)化率、二三產(chǎn)業(yè)人口比重的不斷提高以及人口文化素質(zhì)等因素對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展影響相對(duì)較弱。最后綜合分析所得結(jié)論并提出了相關(guān)建議,即努力調(diào)整人口年齡結(jié)構(gòu),加速建立合理的老年人口保障制度;進(jìn)一步保持性別平衡趨勢(shì),逐步促進(jìn)性別結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化;加快人口城市化進(jìn)程,優(yōu)化人口的城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)構(gòu);繼續(xù)深化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整,促進(jìn)人口產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí);加大教育投資力度,提高人口文化素質(zhì)等措施。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the population problem has once become a hot issue of national concern. For example, the aging process of the population is accelerating, the population sex ratio is unbalanced, and the rate of population urbanization is becoming higher and higher. All these issues belong to the theoretical category of population structure. The relationship between population structure and economy is one of the most basic starting points in studying population problems. Stable population quantity and reasonable population structure are the necessary guarantee of sustainable economic development. The final purpose of adjusting the population structure is to adapt the population structure to the economic development. This paper starts from the point of view of the population structure of Jilin Province. By analyzing the age structure, gender structure, urban and rural structure, industrial structure, cultural structure and changing trend of the population of Jilin Province, it is found that the aging of the population in Jilin Province is serious. In order to explore the relationship between population structure and economic growth in Jilin Province, this paper selects some indicators of population structure, including the proportion of the elderly population over 65 years old in the total population. The relevant data, such as the proportion of the employed population in the secondary and tertiary industries, the urbanization rate, the average proportion of college students to the total number of students per 10,000 people and the average GDP per capita, etc., include the age structure of the population, the urban and rural structure of the population, and the cultural structure of the population. The effect of population industrial structure on economy is analyzed empirically, and the relationship between the factors of population structure and economic growth in Jilin Province is obtained. It is found that the aging trend of population in Jilin Province is becoming more and more serious, which has a negative impact on economic growth. The urbanization rate, the increasing proportion of the population in the secondary and tertiary industries, and the cultural quality of the population have relatively weak effects on the economic development. Finally, the conclusions are analyzed synthetically and the relevant suggestions are put forward, that is, to adjust the age structure of the population. To accelerate the establishment of a reasonable security system for the elderly population; to further maintain the trend of gender balance and gradually promote the optimization of the gender structure; to speed up the process of population urbanization and optimize the urban and rural structure of the population; and to continue to deepen the adjustment of the industrial structure. Measures should be taken to promote the upgrading of the industrial structure of the population, to increase investment in education and to improve the cultural quality of the population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C924.2
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本文編號(hào)：1624554