本文關(guān)鍵詞：社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期中國(guó)政治文化構(gòu)建，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期中國(guó)政治文化構(gòu)建

社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期中國(guó)政治文化構(gòu)建

以1978年的革新開放為起點(diǎn),中國(guó)社會(huì)開始了社會(huì)的轉(zhuǎn)型過程。中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型是經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型和社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型同時(shí)并進(jìn)的過程,具有自身鮮明的特點(diǎn),并覆蓋了經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、政治等各個(gè)方面。在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型影響下,我國(guó)政治文化開始了由傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代的變遷,呈現(xiàn)出紛繁復(fù)雜的樣式。我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段政治文化的這種復(fù)雜性,不僅對(duì)我國(guó)的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)揮著積極的推動(dòng)作用,而且具有一定的消極作用。因此,要推動(dòng)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的順利進(jìn)行,就必須加快新型政治文化的構(gòu)建過程。這種新型政治文化不僅能夠推動(dòng)我國(guó)民主政治的健康發(fā)展,而且能夠推動(dòng)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型走向成功,并確保轉(zhuǎn)型以后的社會(huì)走向可持續(xù)的發(fā)展。本文正文共分四章內(nèi)容:第一章,社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的含義及中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的基本特點(diǎn)。社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型是指自我國(guó)革新開放以來,中國(guó)社會(huì)由農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向工業(yè)社會(huì),由封閉社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向開放社會(huì),由傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)代社會(huì),由計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)加速轉(zhuǎn)型的過程。這種變化中的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型具有領(lǐng)域全面性、進(jìn)程急劇性、過程長(zhǎng)期性和動(dòng)力雙重性等特點(diǎn)。第二章,社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期的政治文化。政治文化是“一個(gè)民族在特定時(shí)期流行的一套政治態(tài)度、信仰和感情”。隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展,政治文化處于不斷的發(fā)展過程中,其發(fā)展有著自身的邏輯。在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的影響下,我國(guó)政治文化開始了由傳統(tǒng)向現(xiàn)代的變遷,主要表現(xiàn)為由集權(quán)觀念轉(zhuǎn)向民主意識(shí)、由神化走向世俗化、由人治思想轉(zhuǎn)向法治觀念、由動(dòng)員型走向主動(dòng)型。在這一變遷過程中,我國(guó)政治文化呈現(xiàn)出紛繁復(fù)雜的樣式,表現(xiàn)為社會(huì)主義政治文化占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,政治亞文化的影響逐漸加深;現(xiàn)代政治文化因素不斷增加,傳統(tǒng)政治文化的影響依然很大;西方政治文化的沖擊強(qiáng)烈,反主導(dǎo)政治文化不容忽視。第三章,政治文化對(duì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的雙重作用。在當(dāng)代中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期,政治文化不僅起著推動(dòng)革新、推動(dòng)發(fā)展、保障穩(wěn)定的作用,也包含著某些不利于革新、發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定的因素。一方面,政治文化能夠推動(dòng)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的順利完成,推動(dòng)社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展,保障社會(huì)政治穩(wěn)定的實(shí)現(xiàn);另一方面,傳統(tǒng)政治文化的消極因素阻礙我國(guó)革新的進(jìn)行,政治亞文化一定程度上能夠弱化發(fā)展的動(dòng)力,反主導(dǎo)政治文化能導(dǎo)致社會(huì)政治的不穩(wěn)定。第四章,社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期我國(guó)政治文化的構(gòu)建目標(biāo)及對(duì)策。從現(xiàn)代政治的發(fā)展要求和中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)出發(fā),我國(guó)政治文化應(yīng)該以民主政治文化、法治政治文化、開放政治文化、妥協(xié)政治文化和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)政治文化為構(gòu)建目標(biāo)。這需要我們從各個(gè)方面共同努力,通過不斷完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制,進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)政治體制革新,穩(wěn)步擴(kuò)大公民有序政治參與,全面加強(qiáng)我國(guó)公民社會(huì)建設(shè),才能逐漸形成新型政治文化。本文特點(diǎn)在于從中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的特定視角出發(fā),研究得出轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期政治文化的特點(diǎn)及其作用,對(duì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期中國(guó)政治文化構(gòu)建進(jìn)行了較為全面的淺析淺析。

【Abstract】 From the beginning of reform and opening in 1978, Chinese society began the process of social transformation. It’s a process that the economic restructuring and social structure transforming advancing together at the same time, and with its own distinctive features, covering economic, social, political and other aspects. Under the influence of social transformation, the political culture began to change from traditional to modern, showing the complicated style. The complex social transformation of our country not only played an active role in promoting, but also has some negative effects. There-fore, to promote the smooth progress of social transformation, we must speed up the process of building a new political culture. This new political culture can not only promote the healthy development of our democracy, and social transformation can be presumed to success, and ensure that the post-transformation society to sustainable development.This text is divided into four parts to start discussion:The first chapter, the meaning of social transformation and the basic characteristics of China’s social transformation. This referred to the social transformation is pointed out that since reform and opening up, Chinese society from an agricultural society to industrial society, from the closed society to an open society, from traditional society to modern society, from a planned economy to a market economy such a community to accelerate the transformation process. The changing social transformation of our country have some characteristics such as the field of comprehensive and rapid nature of the process, the process of long-term nature and dual power.The second chapter, the political culture in social transformation. Almond inclined to accept this definition of the concept of political culture, named that political culture is a kind of "attitudes, beliefs and emotions." With the development of society, political culture is in constant development; its development has its own logic. Under the influence of social transformation, our political culture began to change from traditional to modern, mainly from authoritarianism to democracy, from god to secular, from the concept of ruling by man turned to the rule of law, from the mobilization to active type. In this changing process, the Chinese political showing the complicated style, for example, dominance of socialist political culture, political sub-culture of gradually deepened; modern political culture factors in increasing and the influence of traditional political culture is still great; strong impact of western political culture, anti leading political culture also cannot be ignored.The third chapter, the dual role of the political culture of social transformation. In Chinese social transformation, the political culture is not only playing to promote the reform, promoting development, security and stability in the role, but also contains several non-conducive to reform, development and stability factors. On the one hand, political culture can contribute to the successful completion of social transformation and promote the continuous development and ensure social and political stability realization; on the other hand, the traditional political culture factors are impede the conduct of Chinese reform, political sub-culture can weakened some extent development of power, anti leading political culture can lead to social and political instability.The fourth chapter, the objectives and measures of the political culture in social transformation. From the requirements of the development of modern political and the objective reality of Chinese social transformation, the Chinese political culture should be based on democratic political culture, rule of law political culture, open up political culture and compromise political culture. This requires concerted efforts from all aspects, by constantly improve the socialist market economic system, to further promote political reform, steadily expanding the orderly political participation, and overall strengthening of civil society in China can be gradually formed a new political culture.The feature of this paper is from a particular perspective that China is in social transformation, the study draws the characteristics of political culture during the transition and its effect, to conduct a more comprehensive analysis of the construction of the political culture of China in the social transformation.

【關(guān)鍵詞】 社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型； 政治文化； 民主； 法治；
【Key words】 political culture； social transformation； democracy； the rule of law；

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