中共執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐的憲政之維
本文關(guān)鍵詞：中共執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐的憲政之維，，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
中共執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐的憲政之維
中共執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐的憲政之維
憲政是西方資本主義政治發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,到了近代中國(guó)才開始接觸,對(duì)于憲政的認(rèn)識(shí),中外學(xué)者存在差異。西方學(xué)者重在有限政府和權(quán)力制衡,而中國(guó)學(xué)界強(qiáng)調(diào)保障權(quán)利和民主法治。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在執(zhí)政實(shí)踐中,逐步由受中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)思想文化影響的人治理念向借鑒西方憲政文明的社會(huì)主義法治理念轉(zhuǎn)變。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在中國(guó)革命、建設(shè)和革新的不同歷史時(shí)期,經(jīng)過三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體和新一代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體的執(zhí)政實(shí)踐,對(duì)社會(huì)主義執(zhí)政理念進(jìn)行了艱苦的探索,在繼承馬列主義關(guān)于無產(chǎn)階級(jí)政黨執(zhí)政理念的基礎(chǔ)上,批判地吸收和借鑒西方資產(chǎn)階級(jí)政黨執(zhí)政理念的有益成分,同時(shí)借鑒蘇共執(zhí)政經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn),并結(jié)合中國(guó)的具體實(shí)際,發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新著社會(huì)主義執(zhí)政理念,使黨的執(zhí)政理念經(jīng)歷著歷史的演進(jìn),取得了重大發(fā)展,形成了中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義執(zhí)政理念,如人民群眾主體的理念,全心全意為人民服務(wù)的理念,科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政、依法執(zhí)政等理念,這些理念緊緊圍繞著“靠誰執(zhí)政”、“怎樣執(zhí)政”和“為誰執(zhí)政”這個(gè)中心展開,已具有鮮明的社會(huì)主義民主憲政的價(jià)值取向,體現(xiàn)了憲政價(jià)值中的人民主權(quán)原則、保障人權(quán)原則和法治原則等,使黨的執(zhí)政獲得了鞏固的理論基礎(chǔ)、充分的政治保障和廣泛的群眾支持和擁護(hù)。又在同其它社會(huì)主義國(guó)家共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政理念的比較中得到重要啟迪,總結(jié)了成功與失敗的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與教訓(xùn),從而鞏固和加強(qiáng)了社會(huì)主義的執(zhí)政理念。中共這些執(zhí)政理念,豐富了社會(huì)主義民主理論、賦予了黨的宗旨新的內(nèi)涵和完善了社會(huì)主義的法治理論,從而推動(dòng)了社會(huì)主義民主政治理論的發(fā)展。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在這些執(zhí)政理念的指導(dǎo)下,不斷完善人民代表大會(huì)制度和多黨合作與政治協(xié)商制度,推進(jìn)了社會(huì)主義民主政治建設(shè);執(zhí)政中堅(jiān)持做到“情為民所系、權(quán)為民所用、利為民所謀”,顯示出為民執(zhí)政的本質(zhì)和保障人權(quán)的憲政原則;強(qiáng)調(diào)依法治國(guó)與科學(xué)執(zhí)政、民主執(zhí)政和依法執(zhí)政的理念,不斷完善和發(fā)展社會(huì)主義法治;同時(shí)革新和完善黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo),使黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)逐步走向科學(xué)化、民主化和法治化,從而極大地推動(dòng)了我國(guó)民主政治和憲政建設(shè),閃爍著社會(huì)主義憲政思想的光芒。
【Abstract】 The constitution is the Western politics civilized achievement, only then to modern China started to contact and to disseminate. Regarding the constitutional understandings, the Chinese and foreign scholar is various. The western scholars stress to keep in balance in the assurance of human rights and the authority, but Chinese scholars Emphasis on Limiting Government authority and democratic government by law. As incumbent party’s Communist Party of China in the ruling practicing, her ruling ideology is transformation from the idea by people’s ruling of the Chinese tradition thought and culture influence in depth to the Western concept of the rule of law and civilized constitutional.During the revolutionizes and the construction in China and the reform different historical period, The Communist Party of China passes through three generation of Central Economic Working Conference and the new generation Central Economic Working Conference ruling practice, has carried on the difficult exploration and the practice to own ruling idea, in inherits the Marxism-Leninism about in the proletariat political party being in power idea foundation, the critique absorbs and profits from the West bourgeoisie political party being in power idea the beneficial ingredient, simultaneously profits from Communist Party of the Soviet Union to be in power experiences and teaches, and links to China’s concrete reality, develops and is innovating own ruling idea, causes party’s ruling idea to experience the historical evolution, has made the significant progress, formed had the Chinese characteristic ruling idea, like The people main body’s idea, the idea which, the development serves for the people are wholeheartedly the hard truth idea, the development as the ruling prosperous country first important matter and science being in power, democracy being in power, is in power legally and so on ideas, do these ideas closely revolve“to be in power depending on who”,“how are in power”and“are in power this center for who”to launch, had the democratic constitutionalism value orientation, has manifested in the constitutional government value people’s sovereignty principle, the assurance of human rights principle and the government by law principle and so on, caused party’s being in power to obtain the consolidated material base, the full political safeguard and the widespread populace support and the support. Also in obtains the important enlightenment with in other Socialist countries Communist party being in power idea’s comparison, summarized the success and defeat’s experience and the lesson, thus consolidated and strengthened own ruling idea.The Chinese Communist Party these being in power idea, enriched and developed the socialist democracy theory. Realizing the most general populace’s fundamental interested theory and the socialism government by law theory promoted the socialist democracy government by law theory development. The Chinese Communist Party under these ruling ideas instruction, unceasingly consummating the National People’s Congress system and the multi-party cooperation and the political consultation system advanced the socialist democracy construction. In being in power, The Chinese Communist Party insisted that achieves“the sentiment for the people to be and the power to use and the advantage for the people to seek”demonstrated that being in power is essential for the people and the assurance of human rights constitutional government principle; The point on managing state affairs according to law and the idea which with science being in power and democracy being in power and being in power legally consummates and the develop the socialism government by law unceasingly. Simultaneously The Chinese Communist Party reforms and perfects the system of party leadership and causes the party leader to move toward the scientific style and the democratization and Government by law gradually from“the rule by people. These ideas impelled our country democracy and the constitutional government construction enormously. The constitutional government thought is glittering shine.
【關(guān)鍵詞】 憲政； 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨； 執(zhí)政理念； 執(zhí)政實(shí)踐；【Key words】 Constitutionalism； Chinese Communist Party； Ruling ideology； Ruling practice；
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本文關(guān)鍵詞：中共執(zhí)政理念與實(shí)踐的憲政之維，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
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