【摘要】：本文主要針對(duì)聚丙烯(PP)韌性差的缺點(diǎn),以反應(yīng)器顆粒技術(shù)制備的具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu)的PP作為基體材料,過氧化苯甲酰作為引發(fā)劑,通過懸浮接枝聚合的方法在PP基體上接枝交聯(lián)共聚物,以接枝的交聯(lián)共聚物作為“橡膠相”,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)PP的增韌。主要研究工作如下:(1)以丙烯酸丁酯(BA)為接枝單體,聚丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PPGDMA)為交聯(lián)單體,研究了不同反應(yīng)條件對(duì)聚丙烯接枝丙烯酸丁酯/聚丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PP-g-(BA-co-PPGDMA))的接枝率(GP)、接枝效率(GE)和熔融指數(shù)(MFI)的影響。隨著單體加入總量的增加,反應(yīng)的GP逐漸增加,PP-g-(BA-co-PPGDMA)接枝產(chǎn)物的MFI下降,流動(dòng)性變差。差示掃描量熱分析顯示:PP-g-(BA-co-PPGDMA)接枝產(chǎn)物的熔點(diǎn)降低,結(jié)晶溫度升高。力學(xué)性能測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,隨著單體加入總量的增加,PP-g-(BA-co-PPGDMA)接枝產(chǎn)物的缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度先升高后降低,拉伸強(qiáng)度先降低后趨于平穩(wěn)。當(dāng)PPGDMA/BA為1/7,單體加入總量為PP重量的10%時(shí),PP-g-(BA-co-PPGDMA)接枝產(chǎn)物的缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度是6.7 kJ/m2(純PP的2.6倍),且拉伸強(qiáng)度有略微的升高,為 39.2 MPa(純 PP 的 1.1 倍)。(2)以BA為接枝單體,以丙烯酸酯化蓖麻油(ACO)為交聯(lián)單體,研究了不同反應(yīng)條件對(duì)聚丙烯接枝丙烯酸丁酯/丙烯酸酯化蓖麻油(PP-g-(BA-co-ACO))的GP、GE和MFI的影響。交聯(lián)單體ACO的加入,能夠明顯降低PP-g-(BA-co-ACO)接枝產(chǎn)物的流動(dòng)性。通過掃描電鏡(SEM)分析可知,BA與ACO的交聯(lián)共聚物在PP基體中的分散尺寸為0.1-1微米。隨著單體加入總量的增加,反應(yīng)的GP從5.8%增加到21.3%,PP-g-(BA-co-ACO)接枝產(chǎn)物的相對(duì)結(jié)晶度降低。動(dòng)態(tài)力學(xué)熱分析(DMTA)結(jié)果顯示,PP的玻璃化溫度(Tg)從22℃降低至15℃。當(dāng)ACO/BA比例為1/9,兩種單體加入總量為PP重量的5%時(shí),PP-g-(BA-co-ACO)接枝產(chǎn)物的缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度從原料PP的2.0 kJ/m2增加至3.8 kJ/m2(純PP的1.9倍),此時(shí)拉伸強(qiáng)度從37.0 MPa降至35.0 MPa(純PP的95%)。隨著單體加入總量的增加,PP-g-(BA-co-ACO)接枝產(chǎn)物的缺口沖擊強(qiáng)度最高可達(dá)9.0 kJ/m2(純PP的4.5倍),同時(shí)拉伸強(qiáng)度還能保持在30.0MPa左右(純PP的81%)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, polypropylene (PP) with porous structure was used as matrix material and benzoyl peroxide as initiator, aiming at the disadvantage of poor toughness of polypropylene (PP). The graft copolymer was grafted onto PP matrix by suspension graft polymerization, and the toughening of PP was realized by using the graft copolymer as the "rubber phase". The main research works are as follows: (1) Polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate (PPGDMA) was used as crosslinking monomer with butyl acrylate (BA) as graft monomer, and polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate (PPGDMA) as crosslinking monomer. The effects of different reaction conditions on graft ratio (GP), graft efficiency (GE) and melt index (MFI) of polypropylene grafted butyl acrylate / polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate (PP-g- (BA-co-PPGDMA) were studied. With the increase of the total amount of monomer, the MFI of PP-g- (BA-co-PPGDMA) grafted product decreased and the fluidity became worse. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the melting point and crystallization temperature of the grafted product of BA-co-PPGDMA decreased and the crystallization temperature increased. The mechanical properties showed that the notched impact strength of PP-g- (BA-co-PPGDMA) grafted products first increased and then decreased, and the tensile strength decreased first and then stabilized with the increase of the total amount of monomers added into PP-g- (BA-co-PPGDMA). The notched impact strength of PP-g- (BA-co-PPGDMA) grafted product was 6.7 KJ / m ~ 2 (2.6 times of pure PP), and the tensile strength increased slightly to 39.2 MPA (1.1 times). (_ 2 of pure PP) with BA as graft monomer. The effects of different reaction conditions on GPGE and MFI of polypropylene grafted butyl acrylate / acrylate castor oil (PP-g- (BA-co-ACO) were studied using acrylic castor oil (ACO) as crosslinking monomer. The fluidity of PP-g- (BA-co-ACO) grafted products was obviously decreased by adding crosslinked monomer ACO. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) show that the dispersion size of the crosslinked copolymers of BA and ACO in PP matrix is 0.1-1 渭 m. The relative crystallinity of PP-g- (BA-co-ACO) grafted products decreased with the increase of the total amount of monomer addition from 5.8% to 21.3%. The results of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed that the glass transition temperature (TG) of PP decreased from 22 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2127038