本文選題：磷灰石 + 重液　； 參考：《昆明理工大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：磷是生物細(xì)胞質(zhì)的重要組成元素,也是植物生長(zhǎng)必不可少的一種元素。世界上84%～90%的磷礦用于生產(chǎn)各種磷肥。磷礦又是重要的化工原料,用于制取純磷(黃磷、赤磷)和其它化工原料。同時(shí)在磷礦物中還能提取稀土元素,獨(dú)居石和磷釔礦是重要的工業(yè)稀土礦物。 我國(guó)磷礦資源非常豐富,磷礦儲(chǔ)量?jī)H次于摩洛哥位于世界第二位,我國(guó)同時(shí)也是世界上主要的產(chǎn)磷國(guó)和消耗國(guó)之一。由于長(zhǎng)期的磷礦資源無(wú)序化開(kāi)采,使富礦資源日漸枯竭,貧富兼采和尾礦的開(kāi)發(fā)利用將具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 論文對(duì)云南省某地的磷礦擦洗尾礦進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的選礦工藝試驗(yàn)研究,在工藝上進(jìn)行對(duì)比、在藥劑制度方面進(jìn)行了種類(lèi)及用量試驗(yàn)研究,制定了合理的工藝流程。論文的完成為開(kāi)發(fā)利用云南省磷礦擦洗尾礦資源,提高資源的綜合回收利用率奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 磷礦正浮選藥劑通常采用脂肪酸類(lèi),通過(guò)對(duì)其作用于礦物表面的機(jī)理研究表明,脂肪酸類(lèi)捕收劑在磷礦物的表面主要以化學(xué)吸附為主,在弱堿性條件下,礦漿中的捕收劑主要以RCOO-和(RCOO) 22-形態(tài)存在,RCOO-;和(RCOO) 22-是磷礦浮選中最有效的組分。抑制劑水玻璃在礦漿中主要是以H2SiO3和HSiO3-形態(tài)存在,它們優(yōu)先吸附于石英表面,使石英親水性增加而得到抑制。 通過(guò)工藝礦物學(xué)分析表明,該礦屬于變質(zhì)巖型磷礦石,主要成分為鈣-硅質(zhì)氟磷灰石。P2O5含量為21.87%,SiO2含量為10.17%。該磷灰石嵌布粒度較粗,主要呈粒狀或不規(guī)則粒狀,顆粒大小一般在0.1mm,最大的可以達(dá)到3mm左右。主要的脈石礦物為石英和白云石,石英為粒狀,呈分散或充填嵌布形式存在,白云石為淺茶色微粒狀,呈集合體形式存在。礦石中還含有極少量的褐鐵礦、赤鐵礦、方解石和其他礦物。 為了更好地提高磷礦資源回收率,論文對(duì)該礦樣進(jìn)行了重選和浮選工藝試驗(yàn)的對(duì)比研究。重選試驗(yàn)研究表明,采用單一搖床重選工藝指標(biāo)不理想。當(dāng)采用重液與螺旋溜槽聯(lián)合工藝時(shí)(+lmm部分進(jìn)入重液,-1mm部分進(jìn)入螺旋溜槽),選擇三溴甲烷作為重液進(jìn)行分選,在介質(zhì)比重在2.9g/cm3時(shí),得到的精礦品位為27.41%,精礦產(chǎn)率為52.26%,總回收率達(dá)到了65.41%。浮選試驗(yàn)研究中,通過(guò)大量的藥劑種類(lèi)試驗(yàn)研究,找到高效磷礦捕收劑LC3,當(dāng)采用一粗一掃兩次精選的正浮選工藝時(shí),開(kāi)路工藝流程可獲得精礦產(chǎn)率為63.11%,品位為31.12%,回收率為89.89%；在小型閉路工藝試驗(yàn)中可獲得精礦品位為28.16%,回收率為96.79%。這為磷礦擦洗后尾礦資源的利用提供了理論依據(jù),同時(shí)可為類(lèi)似礦山資源的開(kāi)發(fā)提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:Phosphorus is an important component of biological cytoplasm and an essential element for plant growth. About 90% of the world's phosphate rock is used to produce all kinds of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphate rock is also an important chemical raw material for the preparation of pure phosphorus (yellow phosphorus, red phosphorus) and other chemical raw materials. At the same time, rare earth elements can be extracted from phosphate minerals. Monazite and yttrium phosphate are important industrial rare earth minerals. China is rich in phosphate rock resources and its reserves are second only to Morocco in the world. China is also one of the major phosphorous producing and consuming countries in the world. Due to long-term disorderly exploitation of phosphate ore resources, rich mineral resources are gradually depleted, and the exploitation and utilization of rich and poor ore and tailings will be of great practical significance. In this paper, a detailed experimental study on the processing technology of phosphate ore scouring tailings in a certain area of Yunnan Province has been carried out, and a comparison has been made in the process, and a reasonable technological process has been worked out in terms of the type and dosage of the reagent system. The completion of this paper lays a foundation for the exploitation and utilization of phosphate ore scrubbing tailings in Yunnan Province and for improving the comprehensive recovery and utilization of resources. Fatty acids are usually used in phosphate rock positive flotation reagents. The mechanism of their action on mineral surface is studied. The results show that the surface of phosphate rock is mainly chemisorbed by fatty acid collector and mainly by chemical adsorption under the condition of weak alkalinity. The collector in pulp mainly exists in the form of RCOO- and RCOO) 22-, and RCOO-22- is the most effective component in the flotation of phosphate ore. The water glass inhibitor mainly exists in the form of H2SiO3 and HSiO _ 3-, which preferentially adsorbs on the surface of quartz, which increases the hydrophilicity of quartz and is inhibited. Process mineralogical analysis shows that the ore belongs to metamorphic rock type phosphate rock, and the main component is calcium siliceous fluoroapatite. The content of P _ 2O _ 5 is 21.87 and the content of Sio _ 2 is 10.17. The size of the apatite inlay is coarse, mainly granular or irregular, the particle size is generally 0.1 mm, and the maximum size can reach about 3mm. The main gangue minerals are quartz and dolomite, quartz is granular and exists in the form of dispersion or filling, dolomite is light brown particulate, and it exists in aggregate form. Ores also contain very small amounts of limonite, hematite, calcite and other minerals. In order to improve the recovery rate of phosphate ore, a comparative study on gravity separation and flotation process was carried out in this paper. The gravity separation test results show that the single rocker gravity separation process is not ideal. When the combined process of heavy liquid and spiral chute is adopted (lmm part enters the heavy liquid of 1 mm part into the spiral chute), the methane tribromate is selected as the heavy liquid to separate, when the specific gravity of the medium is in 2.9g/cm3, The concentrate grade is 27.41%, the concentrate yield is 52.26 and the total recovery is 65.41%. In the research of flotation test, through a large number of kinds of reagent test, the high efficiency phosphate collector LC3 was found, when the positive flotation process of one coarse and one sweep twice cleaning was used, The yield of concentrate is 63.11, the grade is 31.12, the recovery is 89.89, and the grade of concentrate is 28.166.The recovery is 96.79. This provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of tailings resources after phosphate ore scrubbing, and can be used for reference for the exploitation of similar mine resources at the same time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ442

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本文編號(hào)：1865862