本文選題：電沉積 + 超疏水涂層��； 參考：《東北石油大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：金屬材料在航空航天、汽車制造、石油化工、機械加工以及一些高新技術領域都有著重要的用途,然而金屬材料的腐蝕問題多年來一直困擾著人們的生產(chǎn)和生活,金屬腐蝕不僅會導致材料使用壽命縮短、造成環(huán)境污染,同時也會給我們帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟損失、甚至引發(fā)嚴重的安全事故。近年來,超疏水涂層以其獨特的優(yōu)勢越來越多地被人們用于解決涂層的防護和防腐問題。傳統(tǒng)的超疏水涂層的制備方法往往具有工藝設備復雜、原料費用昂貴,且受基體材料大小、形狀影響很大的缺陷。而利用電化學沉積法制備超疏水涂層以其工藝簡單、對環(huán)境無毒無污染、材料利用率高,且易于實現(xiàn)大表面、復雜結構制備等優(yōu)勢,逐漸成為超疏水防腐涂層方向的研究熱點。本文以獲得兼具優(yōu)異的防腐和耐磨性能的超疏水涂層為研究目標,以材料表面與界面問題為研究的基本問題。利用組成-結構的電化學調控,實現(xiàn)多級納-微結構的構建,將低表面能物質接枝于電沉積涂層,最終獲得具備良好防腐、耐磨性的超疏水涂層。文章的主要內(nèi)容概括如下:(1)受仿生學貽貝類生物能夠分泌粘著蛋白質的啟發(fā),有研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)多巴胺具有類似的結構和表面性質,能夠自聚合形成具有粘著性的聚多巴胺,且很容易黏附在固體表面。在實驗的設計中,我們首次將多巴胺的氧化聚合引入金屬鋅的電沉積過程中,Zn2+和多巴胺的氧化還原性可以同時促進多巴胺的聚合和金屬鋅的沉積,實現(xiàn)電沉積過程快速、高效地進行。電沉積過程構建出了具有獨特的“菜花狀”結構的鋅/聚多巴胺(Zn/pDop)沉積層,接枝正十二硫醇(NDM)后,實現(xiàn)了功能性超疏水Zn/pDop/NDM復合涂層的制備。探索了不同的電沉積條件對涂層疏水性和表面形貌的影響,最終確定合適的沉積電壓為1.5 V,沉積時間為30 min,此時鋼板上的Zn/pDop/NDM涂層能夠獲得最佳的表面形貌和疏水性能(疏水角為167.6°,滾動角為0.9°)。(2)為了驗證超疏水Zn/pDop/NDM復合涂層的適用性和應用前景,分別在鋼板、銅板和鋁板上成功制備了此種超疏水涂層。經(jīng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),三種基板上的Zn/pDop/NDM涂層都實現(xiàn)了優(yōu)異的超疏水性能。Zn/pDop/NDM復合涂層浸入泥漿中往復循環(huán)30次后仍然能夠保持原狀,沒有沾染任何污物或被潤濕,展現(xiàn)了良好的自清潔效果。此外,多巴胺的引入極大地增強了Zn/pDop/NDM涂層的耐磨性能和粘結強度,Zn/pDop/NDM涂層經(jīng)過500 mm(載荷:2.8 kPa)的摩擦之后仍然能夠保持超疏水性能,而未添加多巴胺的Zn/NDM涂層在摩擦100 mm之后就出現(xiàn)了嚴重的磨損現(xiàn)象,且疏水角快速下降。同時,Zn/pDop/NDM涂層還兼具良好的化學穩(wěn)定性,在pH=1-14的苛刻環(huán)境中仍能保持超疏水性能,在電化學測試中此涂層也展現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)異的防腐蝕性能。(3)受不銹鋼優(yōu)異的耐蝕、耐磨性能的啟發(fā),參照不銹鋼中的組成和含量,在普通的碳鋼基板上利用電沉積技術制備了雙層扦插Ni-Cr合金超疏水涂層,以提升碳鋼基板的防腐和防護性能。通過調控電沉積過程中的各項參數(shù),調整涂層中鎳鉻合金的組成和比例,分別制備了鎳Ni涂層、鉻Cr涂層及鎳鉻Ni-Cr合金涂層。對涂層的潤濕性能、自清潔性能及摩擦性能進行了詳細的探究,另外,通過電化學EIS阻抗圖譜、極化曲線測試對涂層的防腐蝕性能進行了對比和分析,其中Ni-Cr合金涂層具有最低的腐蝕電流和最高的腐蝕電勢,且EIS阻抗圖譜結果顯示Ni-Cr合金涂層取得了最大的電容弧直徑,其防腐性能與純基板相比提升了近三個數(shù)量級。
[Abstract]:Metal materials have important applications in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, petrochemical, mechanical processing and some high-tech fields. However, the corrosion of metal materials has been plaguing people's production and living for many years. Metal corrosion not only causes the life of materials to be shortened, but also causes environmental pollution, but it will also bring us the environment. In recent years, superhydrophobic coatings are increasingly being used to solve the protection and anticorrosion problems of coatings with their unique advantages. The preparation methods of the traditional superhydrophobic coating often have complex process equipment, high cost of raw materials, and influenced by the size and shape of the matrix material. The preparation of super hydrophobic coating by electrochemical deposition is a hot spot of super hydrophobic anticorrosive coating, with its advantages of simple technology, non-toxic and pollution-free environment, high utilization rate of materials, easy to realize large surface and complex structure preparation. This paper is to obtain super hydrophobicity with excellent anticorrosion and wear resistance. The coating is the research goal and the basic problem of the material surface and interface problem. Using the electrochemical regulation of the composition structure, the multi-stage nanofilm structure is constructed. The low surface energy material is grafted onto the electrodeposition coating, and the super water coating with good corrosion resistance and wear resistance is obtained. The main contents of the article are as follows: (1) imitated Some researchers found that dopamine has a similar structure and surface properties, which can self polymerize to form a sticky polydopamine and easily adhere to the solid surface. In the design of the experiment, we first introduced the oxidation of dopamine to the electrodeposition of zinc. In the process, the oxidation-reduction of Zn2+ and dopamine can simultaneously promote the polymerization of dopamine and the deposition of metal zinc. The electrodeposition process is rapid and efficient. The zinc / polydopamine (Zn/pDop) layer with a unique "cauliflower like" structure has been constructed. After the grafting of twelve mercaptan (NDM), the functional superthin is realized. The effect of different electrodeposition conditions on the hydrophobicity and surface morphology of the coating was explored. The suitable deposition voltage was determined to be 1.5 V and the deposition time was 30 min. At this time, the Zn/pDop/NDM coating on the steel plate could obtain the best surface morphology and hydrophobicity (the hydrophobicity angle was 167.6, and the rolling angle was 0.9). (2) in order to verify the applicability and application prospect of superhydrophobic Zn/pDop/NDM composite coating, the superhydrophobic coating was successfully prepared on steel plate, copper plate and aluminum plate. It was found that the Zn/pDop/NDM coating on the three substrates achieved excellent superhydrophobic.Zn/pDop/NDM composite coating in the slurry for 30 times. In addition, the introduction of dopamine greatly enhanced the wear resistance and bond strength of the Zn/pDop/NDM coating, and the Zn/pDop/NDM coating remained super hydrophobic after 500 mm (load: 2.8 kPa) friction, without adding dopamine. After friction 100 mm, the Zn/NDM coating appeared serious wear and tear, and the hydrophobicity angle decreased rapidly. At the same time, the Zn/pDop/NDM coating also had good chemical stability. It still maintained super hydrophobic property in the harsh environment of pH=1-14. In electrochemical test, the coating also showed excellent corrosion resistance. (3) excellent stainless steel. With reference to the composition and content of stainless steel, the superhydrophobic coating of double cuttage Ni-Cr alloy was prepared on ordinary carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition on ordinary carbon steel substrate to improve the anticorrosion and protection performance of the carbon steel substrate. The composition and ratio of Ni Cr alloy in the coating were adjusted by adjusting the parameters in the electrodeposition process. The nickel Ni coating, chromium Cr coating and nickel chromium Ni-Cr alloy coating were prepared respectively. The wettability, self cleaning properties and friction properties of the coating were investigated in detail. In addition, the corrosion resistance of the coating was compared and analyzed by the electrochemical EIS impedance atlas and polarization curve test. The Ni-Cr alloy coating had the lowest decay. The corrosion current and the highest corrosion potential, and the results of the EIS impedance atlas show that the maximum capacitance arc diameter of the Ni-Cr alloy coating is obtained, and its anticorrosion performance is nearly three orders of magnitude higher than that of the pure substrate.

【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ153
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本文編號：1793287