本文選題：熔融插層 + 有機改性�。� 參考：《西安建筑科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著世界經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,能源匱乏和浪費的問題已越來越得到人們的關(guān)注,在這種環(huán)境下,開發(fā)出可以節(jié)約能源和提高利用率的技術(shù)從某種程度來說可以緩解能源匱乏所帶來的問題,其中建筑能耗作為能源消耗的一大領(lǐng)域,其節(jié)能技術(shù)的研究和探索已變得刻不容緩。目前眾多科學家主要關(guān)注于具有蓄熱功能材料的研究,因為蓄熱材料是通過自身相態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變進行吸收和釋放熱量,從而調(diào)節(jié)和控制周圍環(huán)境溫度的變動,達到節(jié)約建筑能耗的目的,但伴隨著人們對品質(zhì)生活要求的不斷上升,對室內(nèi)居住品質(zhì)和舒適度的標準也變得逐漸提高,其中,濕舒適度作為一個重要的影響因素,如何控制其保持在一個合理的范圍內(nèi)是科學家們最為關(guān)注的問題,綜合以上,研究出能同時具有調(diào)溫調(diào)濕能力的復合建筑材料已成為當今的熱點問題。針對以上情況,本文主要通過以下幾個方面對相變調(diào)濕復合材料的制備和性能進行了研究。首先本文以未改性的鈉基蒙脫土為基體材料,十六烷基三甲基溴化銨為改性劑,通過正交試驗,研究攪拌時間、改性配比、反應(yīng)溫度對鈉基蒙脫土改性效果的影響,并結(jié)合飽和鹽溶液法對改性前后的鈉基蒙脫土進行濕性能測試,從平衡含濕量方面探究其改性效果的優(yōu)劣。采用XRD、FTIR和SEM等測試手段對改性鈉基蒙脫土的微觀形貌、物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)、結(jié)構(gòu)組成進行測試分析。試驗結(jié)果表明,對改性效果影響因素大小排序為:改性配比攪拌時間反應(yīng)溫度,其最佳方案為改性劑/鈉基蒙脫土為0.4:1,反應(yīng)溫度60℃,反應(yīng)時間120min,改性后的鈉基蒙脫土層間距由改性前0.97nm增大到1.92nm,同時濕性能試驗表明,改性后的鈉基蒙脫土的平衡含濕量(相對濕度)較未改性之前有大幅提升。其次以改性后的鈉基蒙脫土為插層主體材料,以不同種類的相變儲能材料為插層客體材料,采用熔融插層法制備一系列不同相變儲熱材料用量、不同加熱溫度、不同攪拌時間的相變調(diào)濕復合材料,通過不同相變材料/改性鈉基蒙脫土插層后穩(wěn)定性評價及相關(guān)的形貌、組成、成分表征,獲得相變調(diào)濕復合材料的優(yōu)化制備工藝參數(shù)。最后以丙烯酸為增濕材料,進一步探索復合材料濕度調(diào)節(jié)能力提高的技術(shù)途徑,分別采用步冷曲線法、DSC測試法和飽和鹽溶液法對優(yōu)化后的不同相變調(diào)濕復合材料進行熱濕性能測試,測試結(jié)果表明:熱性能方面,以固-液有機相變材料為客體制備的相變調(diào)濕復合材料控溫時間最久,而以固-固有機相變材料為客體制備的相變調(diào)濕復合材料控溫時間效果欠佳。濕性能方面,以新戊二醇/改性鈉基蒙脫土的平衡含濕量最大,月桂酸/改性鈉基蒙脫土平衡含濕量最小,并且和改性后插層前的鈉基蒙脫土平衡含濕量(相對濕度為64.92%)0.0748 g/g進行對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)平衡含濕量都有不同水平的下降。增濕工藝試驗表明,摻加丙烯酸的相變調(diào)濕復合材料比不摻加丙烯酸的相變調(diào)濕復合材料的調(diào)濕性有明顯提高,其中相變調(diào)濕復合材料最優(yōu)制備方案為中和度80%,月桂酸/改性鈉基蒙脫土的質(zhì)量百分比為20%,攪拌溫度為60℃。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of world economy, energy shortage and waste problems have been more and more attention, in this environment, the development can save energy and improve the utilization of the technology can ease the energy shortage problem to some extent, the building energy consumption as a major field of energy consumption. It is urgent to study and explore the energy saving technology. At present, many scientists focus on the research of functional materials with thermal storage, because the storage material is transformed through its own phase to absorb and release heat, so as to regulate and control the change of ambient temperature, saves the energy consumption of buildings, but with the requirements of people the quality of life of the rising of indoor living quality and comfort standards have become gradually increased, the wet comfort as an important factor How to control, keep it in a reasonable range of scientists is the most concern, based on the above, a study of composite materials has the temperature and humidity control ability has become a hot topic. In view of the above situation, this paper mainly through the following aspects of phase modulated composite wet preparation and the performance is studied. Firstly, the unmodified montmorillonite as matrix material, sixteen alkyl three methyl bromide as a modifier, through the orthogonal test of mixing time, modification ratio, the effect of reaction temperature on the effect of OMMT Modified Na, and combined with the method of saturated salt solution before and after the modification of sodium montmorillonite wet performance test, the equilibrium moisture content of the modified effect. By using XRD, FTIR and SEM test methods of modified Na montmorillonite modified the microstructure, material structure, structure Composition were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the effect of modification factors of the order of the modified time ratio reaction temperature stirring, the best solution for modifier / Na montmorillonite is 0.4:1, reaction temperature 60 C, reaction time 120min, the modified Na montmorillonite modified by layer spacing 0.97nm increased to 1.92nm, while wet performance tests show that the modified Na MMT equilibrium moisture content (relative humidity) than unmodified before has increased dramatically. Followed by the modified Na montmorillonite intercalation as main material, the phase change of different materials as intercalation the object of materials by melt to prepare a series of different PCM dosage intercalation method, different heating temperature, stirring time of the conditioning phase transition of different composite materials, by sodium modified with different phase change material / montmorillonite intercalation after stability evaluation and related morphology, composition, The characterization of components, preparation process parameters optimization of phase change composite humidity. Finally using acrylic acid as the humidifying materials, to further explore the way of improving ability of regulating composite humidity, respectively by cooling curve method, DSC test method and saturated salt solution method to different phase optimized wet composite heat performance test wet, the test results show that the thermal performance, the solid-liquid phase transition of organic phase change materials for preparation of object humidity composite temperature control most time in the solid phase change material for phase transfer machine natural object preparation of wet composite materials to control the temperature time effect is poor. Wet performance, using neopentyl glycol / modified montmorillonite the equilibrium moisture content, lauric acid / modified montmorillonite and equilibrium moisture content is minimum, and the modified intercalated montmorillonite before the equilibrium moisture content (relative humidity is 64.92%) 0.0748 g/g By contrast, found that the equilibrium moisture content were decreased at different levels. Humidification process tests showed that adding acrylic acid wet phase composite humidity controlling composite humidity control is better than phase by adding acrylic acid, wherein the phase change composite humidity optimal preparation scheme for neutralization degree of 80%, lauric acid / modified Na montmorillonite mass percentage is 20%, the stirring temperature is 60 degree Celsius.

【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34

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本文編號：1767117