本文選題：佛教　切入點(diǎn)：唐代法制　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：佛教于公元前六世紀(jì)的印度產(chǎn)生,自東漢末年傳入中國,其與政府間存在著多種關(guān)系,眾多統(tǒng)治者把佛教視為可以發(fā)展社會(huì)的強(qiáng)大工具,在佛教不斷發(fā)展的過程中,以儒家為代表的中國傳統(tǒng)文化經(jīng)歷了許多融合與沖突,政府與佛教的互動(dòng)關(guān)系體現(xiàn)了法律與佛教的聯(lián)系。著名學(xué)者蔣傳光在其《中國古代宗教與法律關(guān)系的初步考察》一文中提到,法與宗教之間存在密切關(guān)系,大眾觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為宗教與中國的法律制度的形成過程沒有必然關(guān)系,外國學(xué)者也曾經(jīng)研究討論得出過這類結(jié)論。還有一個(gè)片面的觀點(diǎn),中國古代法律被定義為世俗性質(zhì)的道德法律,它與西方法律的宗教性特征形成了鮮明對(duì)比。顯然,這并未全面、客觀的反映出中古法律制度和宗教間的真實(shí)關(guān)系。筆者從諸多著名學(xué)者的論文中發(fā)現(xiàn)諸多蛛絲馬跡來說明佛教對(duì)唐代法制所具有的一定的影響力。一方面,佛教文化對(duì)統(tǒng)治階層的吸引,使得傳統(tǒng)法律制度的制定被影響并改變了司法者在司法過程中思維模式的變化;然而對(duì)底層民眾而言,佛教思想的傳播必定影響到眾多以社會(huì)習(xí)俗為解決糾紛手段的司法過程和普通民眾對(duì)司法者以及司法過程態(tài)度的變化。這些在立法層面集中體現(xiàn)在歷代政府在法律層面對(duì)佛教的特殊規(guī)定和在普通法律中制定的以佛教思想為源泉的條文;司法層面主要體現(xiàn)在司法人員因果報(bào)應(yīng)觀、地獄觀在司法過程中的運(yùn)用。另一方面,統(tǒng)治階層利用佛教穩(wěn)定社會(huì)的功能來降低其與傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)禮制矛盾帶來的消極影響。本文主要是從三方面研究佛教對(duì)唐代法制制影響:第一部分研究佛教對(duì)唐代律令之影響。根據(jù)筆者長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)佛教中的十惡、禁刑等對(duì)唐代律令產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響,以至于律令中會(huì)出現(xiàn)諸多的佛教專業(yè)術(shù)語。從佛教與唐律令中都有的"十惡"、"斷屠釣"、"十齋日"等詞語的含義與它們的佛教淵源等來分析佛教用語對(duì)唐代律令產(chǎn)生的影響。第二部分研究佛教對(duì)武則天時(shí)期的司法實(shí)踐之影響,主要是以武則天為中心展開討論。探討武則天與佛教之間的關(guān)系、武則天時(shí)期頻繁出現(xiàn)大赦與佛教之間有何關(guān)系以及地獄觀念對(duì)武則天時(shí)期司法實(shí)踐的影響,從這三方面分析佛教對(duì)唐代司法實(shí)踐的影響。第三部分重點(diǎn)論述了佛教對(duì)唐代法律觀念之影響。從佛教觀念對(duì)唐代的立法觀念、司法觀念和守法觀念三個(gè)方面來研究佛教對(duì)唐代法律觀念之影響。通過分析佛教觀念對(duì)唐代統(tǒng)治者、司法人員和百姓的影響,論證佛教對(duì)唐代觀念的影響。佛教在隋唐時(shí)期已經(jīng)達(dá)到頂峰,因此勢(shì)必對(duì)唐代當(dāng)時(shí)的法律制度產(chǎn)生更深的影響�？v觀多篇論述佛教與法律之關(guān)系的研究,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)佛教法律制度的研究較少,只有少數(shù)學(xué)者研究,這一方面仍有巨大的研究空間,筆者試從佛教最興旺發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)期唐代著手,深入探討佛教對(duì)唐代法制之影響。
[Abstract]:The Buddhist produced in India by sixth Century BC, Chinese spread from the Eastern Han Dynasty, the existence of a variety of relationship with the government, many rulers of Buddhism can be seen as a powerful tool for the development of the society, in the process of the development of Buddhism, Confucianism as the representative of the traditional culture Chinese experienced a lot of fusion and conflict, interaction between government and Buddhism and Buddhism reflects the legal relation. The famous scholar Jiang Chuanguang mentioned in the < China ancient religion and the legal relationship of the preliminary investigation "in this paper, there is a close relationship between law and religion, public opinion formation of the legal system of religion and the China are not necessarily related, foreign scholars have discussed a study this kind of conclusion. There is a one-sided point of view, Chinese ancient law is defined as the secular nature of the moral law, religious characteristics and the western legal form of bright Than. Obviously, this is not comprehensive, objectively reflect the relationship between religion and medieval legal system. The author from many famous scholars in the paper found many traces to illustrate the Buddhism of the Tang Dynasty legal system of certain influence. On the one hand, Buddhist culture to attract a ruling class layer, making the traditional legal system by the influence and change the judicial changes in the judicial process mode of thinking; however, on the bottom of the people, the spread of Buddhism thought will affect many social customs to resolve disputes of the judicial process and the means of ordinary people on the judiciary and judicial process. The change of attitude in the legislative level is embodied in the ancient government the legal aspect of Buddhism and making special provisions in the common law in Buddhism as the source of the provisions; the judicial level is mainly reflected in the judicial personnel of karma The concept of hell, view used in the judicial process. On the other hand, the ruling class use of Buddhist social stability function to reduce its negative impact and the traditional social etiquette contradiction. This article is mainly from the three aspects of influence of Buddhism on the Tang Dynasty legal system: the first part of the study of the Tang Dynasty Buddhist precepts. According to the study of the long time, found in Buddhism the wicked, no punishment has had a profound impact on the Tang Dynasty law, that the law will appear a lot of Buddhist terminology from Buddhism and the Tang Dynasty law in some "wicked", "Duantu fishing", "ten days of fasting and other words and their meaning to analyze the origin of Buddhism Influence of Buddhism on the Tang Dynasty law. The second part studies the influence of Buddhism on judicial practice during the period of Wu Zetian, with Wu Zetian as the center is mainly discussed. The relationship between Wu Zetian and Buddhism, Wu Day period frequent influence the relationship and concept of hell to the judicial practice of Wu Zetian period between amnesty and Buddhism, analysis of the impact of Buddhism on the Tang Dynasty judicial practice from the three aspects. The third part focuses on the influence of Buddhism on the legal concept of Tang Dynasty. From the Buddhist concept of the Tang Dynasty in three aspects: legislative idea, concept of justice and the law to study the influence of Buddhism on the concept of legal concept. Through the analysis of the Tang Dynasty Buddhist concept of the Tang Dynasty rulers, influence of judicial personnel and the people of the influence of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty. The concept of argumentation of Buddhism in Sui and Tang Dynasties has reached the peak, it is bound to have a deeper impact on the legal system of the Tang Dynasty. In the study of multi discourse of Buddhism and the law the relationship, the author found that the research on the legal system of Buddhism is less, only a few scholars, on the one hand, there are still enormous research space, pen test The influence of Buddhism on the legal system of the Tang Dynasty was deeply discussed from the Tang Dynasty in the period of the most prosperous and prosperous period of Buddhism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D929;B949
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本文編號(hào)：1705962