本文選題：民主觀念　切入點(diǎn)：政治文化　出處：《探索與爭鳴》2017年10期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：民主在當(dāng)今世界呈現(xiàn)出價(jià)值流行度與概念清晰度之間的不對稱。盡管幾乎人人都在談?wù)撁裰?公眾的民主觀念卻大相徑庭,不僅在宏觀層面存在顯著的時(shí)代差異、國別差異,而且在微觀層面呈現(xiàn)出基于個(gè)體的異質(zhì)性。在傳統(tǒng)的"程序-實(shí)質(zhì)"二分法看來,中國人普遍秉持"實(shí)質(zhì)型"民主觀念,然而對全國代表性數(shù)據(jù)的探索性潛在類別分析表明:轉(zhuǎn)型期中國公眾的民主觀念包括"實(shí)質(zhì)型""偏實(shí)質(zhì)復(fù)合型""偏程序復(fù)合型"和"無內(nèi)容型"四種基本類型;中國公眾對民主內(nèi)容的理解是多維的,既包括社會平等、治理績效等實(shí)質(zhì)訴求,也包括政治自由、政治權(quán)利、競爭性選舉等程序訴求。"實(shí)質(zhì)民主"與"程序民主"在公眾的認(rèn)知中并非二元對立而是相伴共生。這種"復(fù)合型"民主觀念在轉(zhuǎn)型期中國占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位,并構(gòu)成了中國民主政治發(fā)展的民意基礎(chǔ)和心理支撐。作為對民主廣義內(nèi)涵的理論回歸和對"轉(zhuǎn)型中國"復(fù)雜性的客觀反映,復(fù)合型民主觀念預(yù)示著我國未來的民主政治發(fā)展必須立足民意,在推進(jìn)國家治理能力和治理體系現(xiàn)代化的過程中統(tǒng)籌民主的"程序"維度與"實(shí)質(zhì)"維度。
[Abstract]:Democracy presents an asymmetries between the popularity of values and conceptual clarity in today's world. Although almost everyone talks about democracy, public perceptions of democracy differ considerably, not only at the macro level, but also across countries. Moreover, at the micro level, there is a heterogeneity based on individuals. In the traditional "process-substance" dichotomy, the Chinese generally hold the concept of "substantial" democracy. However, an exploratory analysis of the national representative data shows that the democratic concept of the Chinese public in the transitional period includes four basic types: "substantial", "partial material compound", "partial procedural compound" and "non-content type"; The Chinese public's understanding of the content of democracy is multidimensional. It includes not only social equality, governance performance and other substantive demands, but also political freedom and political rights. "substantive democracy" and "procedural democracy" are not dualistic opposition but coexisting in the public perception. This kind of "complex" democratic concept occupies a dominant position in China during the transition period. It also constitutes the basis of public opinion and psychological support for the development of democratic politics in China. As a theoretical return to the broad connotation of democracy and an objective reflection of the complexity of "transition China", The concept of complex democracy indicates that the future development of democratic politics in China must be based on public opinion, and coordinate the "procedure" and "essence" dimensions of democracy in the process of promoting the modernization of national governance ability and governance system.
【作者單位】： 中國人民大學(xué)馬克思主義學(xué)院;中國人民大學(xué)21世紀(jì)中國馬克思主義研究協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;
【基金】：北京市社會科學(xué)基金研究基地項(xiàng)目“中國特色社會主義民主觀研究”(17JDKDB003)
【分類號】：D621.5

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