本文選題：超級電容器　切入點：燃燒法　出處：《太原理工大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的進步和發(fā)展,開發(fā)新型能源存儲設備成為緩解甚至解決當前面臨諸多問題的有效途徑,超級電容器作為一種新型儲能設備成為當前研究的熱點,有望在汽車、軍事、未來電網及消費類電子產品等領域中獲得廣泛應用。隨著超級電容器材料的研究日漸深入,各種電極材料層出不窮,其中金屬氧化物類材料以較高的比電容、良好電化學穩(wěn)定性成為一類具有廣闊應用前景的電極材料。目前,通過多種方法均能制備出該類金屬氧化物,但大多制備過程繁雜或者產率較低,嚴重制約了這類材料的發(fā)展。本論文采用燃燒法大量合成了MnCo_2O_4,MnO2/Mn Co_2O_4和Ni O/C/CNTs金屬氧化物及其復合材料,并研究了其贗電容性能。主要研究過程及結論如下:(1)以Mn(NO_3)_2、Co(NO_3)_2·6H2O和甘氨酸為原料,通過溶液燃燒法,成功制備了MnCo_2O_4。研究了前驅混合溶液中金屬離子(Mn2+:Co2+為1:2)與甘氨酸之比對材料的形貌和贗電容性能的影響。經過XRD、SEM和電化學測量等測試表明,不同的金屬離子/甘氨酸摩爾比對材料的顆粒尺寸和電化學性能具有較大影響。當Mn2+:Co2+:甘氨酸的摩爾比為1:2:14/9時,材料的顆粒最小,電化學性能也最優(yōu)。當電流密度為0.5和10 A/g時,其比電容分別達到458和300 F/g。(2)通過溶液燃燒法制備大量多孔MnO2/MnCo_2O_4復合材料。在上述最佳金屬離子/甘氨酸摩爾比的基礎上,保持其比例不變,研究前驅混合溶液中Mn2+與Co2+摩爾比的變化對復合材料形貌和電化學性能的影響。研究證明,前驅混合溶液中Mn2+/Co2+摩爾比對材料的顆粒大小、粗糙程度、孔徑分布和孔洞疏密程度都有較大影響。電化學測試表明,當Mn2+:Co2+摩爾比為3:4時,MnO2/MnCo_2O_4復合材料取得最佳的贗電容性能。當電流密度為0.5 A/g時,比電容達到497 F/g;當電流密度增加到10 A/g時,其比電容為312 F/g。在5 A/g的電流密度下經過5000次恒流充放電后,其比電容量仍能保持60%。(3)以Ni(NO_3)_2·6H2O和尿素為原料,用燃燒法大量合成多孔的NiO/C復合材料,并研究了不同的熱處理過程對復合材料電化學性能的影響。前驅混合溶液中Ni2+和尿素的摩爾比為1:6。研究表明,前驅體溶液先升溫至240°C保溫0.5 h后再繼續(xù)升溫至350°C保溫1 h的熱處理方式獲得最佳的電化學性能。為進一步提高材料性能,通過在前驅混合溶液中加入一定量的CNTs,制備了NiO/C/CNTs復合材料,當電流密度為1 A/g時,其比電容提高到1618 F/g。以NiO/C/CNTs復合材料為陽極,活性炭為陰極制備成非對稱性電容器,在0.2 A/g時的比電容達到83 F/g,相應的能量密度為93.4Wh/kg,功率密度為0.6 kW/kg。在3 A/g的電流密度下經過1500次循環(huán)充放電,比電容保持約40%。
[Abstract]:With the social progress and development, the development of new energy storage equipment has become the effective way to ease or even solve the many problems facing the supercapacitor is a new energy storage equipment has become a research hotspot, is expected in the automotive, military, widely used future power grid and consumer electronics and other fields. With the Research of super capacitor the material used is deepening, all emerge in an endless stream electrode material, wherein the metal oxide materials with high specific capacitance, good electrochemical stability as electrode material for a class that has a broad application prospect. At present, through a variety of methods could be prepared by this kind of metal oxide, but most of the preparation process of complex and the yield is low, serious restrict the development of this kind of material. In this paper a large number of MnCo_2O_4 were synthesized by combustion method, MnO2/Mn Co_2O_4 and Ni O/C/CNTs metal oxide and its composite material The material, and studied its pseudocapacitive performance. The main research process and conclusions are as follows: (1) to Mn (NO_3) _2, Co (NO_3) _2 - 6H2O and glycine as raw materials by solution combustion method, MnCo_2O_4. was prepared successfully on the metal ion precursor mixed solution (Mn2+ Co2+ 1:2) influence of morphology and pseudocapacitive performance of materials with glycine. After comparison of XRD, SEM and electrochemical measurement test show that the metal ions / different particle size and electrochemical properties of glycine molar ratio of materials has a great influence. When Mn2+: Co2+: Glycine molar ratio was 1:2:14/9, the minimum particle material, electrochemical performance also the best. When the current density is 0.5 and 10 A/g, the specific capacitance reached 458 and 300 F/g. (2) were prepared by a large number of porous MnO2/MnCo_2O_4 composites by solution combustion. Based on the above optimum molar ratio of glycine / metal ions, maintain its The proportion unchanged, changes of Mn2+ and Co2+ molar ratio of precursor in the mixed solution and the electrochemical properties of composite materials. The morphology study shows that precursor in the mixed solution of Mn2+/Co2+ molar ratio on the material particle size, roughness, have great influence on the pore size distribution and pore density. The electrochemical tests show that when the molar ratio of 3:4: Co2+ Mn2+ when the MnO2/MnCo_2O_4 composite material has a pseudocapacitive performance best. When the current density is 0.5 A/g, the specific capacitance reaches 497 F/g; when the current density increased to 10 A/g, the specific capacitance is 312 F/g. at the current density of 5 A/g after 5000 charge discharge, it still maintains a 60%. capacitance the amount of (3) to Ni (NO_3) _2, 6H2O and urea as raw materials, NiO/C composite material for a large number of synthetic porous combustion method, and studied the effects of different heat treatment process on the electrochemical properties of the composite precursor mixed. The molar ratio of Ni2+ and urea in solution for 1:6. study showed that the precursor solution is first heated to 240 DEG C after holding for 0.5 h further heating to 350 DEG C 1 H insulation heat treatment to obtain the best electrochemical performance. In order to further improve the performance, by adding a certain amount of the precursor in the mixed solution of CNTs and NiO/C/CNTs the composite material was prepared, when the current density is 1 A/g, the specific capacitance increased to 1618 F/g. with NiO/C/CNTs composite as anode and activated carbon as cathode prepared by asymmetric capacitor at 0.2 A/g the specific capacitance of 83 F/g, the corresponding energy density is 93.4Wh/kg, the power density is 0.6 kW/kg. at the current density of 3 A/g after 1500 cycles, the specific capacitance of about 40%.

【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB33;TM53

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