本文關鍵詞： 人本理念 法治政府 人性化 權力道德　出處：《東華大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：法治政府不是一項簡單的行動,而是一項復雜的工程。目前我國在法治政府的人本問題上仍舊存在著較多觀念上的誤區(qū)和制度上的缺陷：立法價值偏差、政府服務能力欠缺、行政執(zhí)法非人性化的問題仍舊存在；有法不依、執(zhí)法不嚴、違法不究的現(xiàn)象還時有發(fā)生；對政府行政權力的監(jiān)督和制約還不夠完善；行政人員法制觀念淡薄、人本意識不強的問題還比較突出。因而,法治政府與人本理念的聯(lián)姻勢在必行。究竟人本理念的涵義是什么?如何厘清法治政府與人本理念的關系?如何在法治政府進程中落實以人為本的理念?本文試圖對上述問題進行研究。全文主要分為五個部分。 第一部分,主要分析了研究的背景、意義。闡述了國內、國外法治政府的研究現(xiàn)狀、方向和實踐。介紹了國外人本理念伴隨法治政府進程的歷史演變、發(fā)展脈絡以及各個階段代表人物的主要觀點。分析和整理了近代法治中人本理念的研究現(xiàn)狀和主要成果。 第二部分,闡釋了西方人本主義思想的溯源及演變,也探討了中國人本理念的發(fā)展脈絡,并從本文自身的角度解釋了人本理念的內涵：以人為核心,重視人、關心人,充分調動人的主動性、積極性和創(chuàng)造性,以及全力促進人的全面自由發(fā)展為目標的,簡而言之就是一切為了人。并且從理論和現(xiàn)實兩個角度分析了法治政府堅持人本理念的必要性和可行性,表達了人本理念是法治政府的精神底蘊。 第三部分,主要從人本視角透析我國法治政府建設的現(xiàn)狀。改革開放三十年以來,我國在法治政府構建中積極貫徹人本理念。無論是法制層面的基本法治框架的構建,還是政府層面人本理念的實踐都為人本法治政府構建奠定了基礎。然而傳統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)治階級意志論仍然占據上風、法律工具主義功利主義和實用主義思想仍舊存在,野蠻執(zhí)法、違法執(zhí)法、以權壓法等現(xiàn)象仍舊比較突出。因而,本部分分別從立法價值取向、服務能力、政府透明性、行政執(zhí)法人性化、公民意識五個方面探討了法治政府進程中人本理念缺失的表現(xiàn),并且分析了背后的原因。 第四部分,開啟了一個簡明的視窗,筆者試圖通過分析新加坡特色法治政府為我國的法治政府建設找到可借鑒的經驗和啟示。從法律至上、權力制約與自律、人權保障、嚴格執(zhí)法四個方面主要分析了新加坡法治模式的特點,并歸納了新加波法治政府人本精神的實踐。最后通過新加坡國情與我國國情的比較分析,探求新加坡法治政府模式對于我國的啟示和借鑒。 第五部分,主要從平衡性、服務性、透明性、人性化和道德性五個角度去打造人本法治政府的基本框架,這五個特性既是人本法治政府的外在表現(xiàn),也是人本法治政府的內在要求。在前行的道路中他們之間相互滲透、相互融合、相互促進。在基本框架的基礎上結合我國的實際情況、借鑒新加坡的經驗提出了建設我國法治政府的人本途徑。 最后的結論部分對本文中提出的觀點進行簡要梳理和總結。
[Abstract]:Is not a simple act of government under the rule of law, but a complex project. At present our country government by law the problems still exist many errors and system flaws on the concept of the legislation value deviation, government service ability, the administrative law enforcement dehumanization problem still exists; law enforcement is not. Lax, weifabujiu phenomenon also occur; supervise and restrict the administrative power of government is not perfect; administrative personnel lack of legal concept, the people do not have a strong sense of the issues are still quite prominent. Therefore, the concept of marriage is imperative. The government by law and what people what is the concept of how to clarify the meaning? The relationship between the concept of the rule of law government and people? How to implement the people-oriented concept in the government under the rule of law in the process? This paper attempts to study the above problems. The paper is divided into five parts.
The first part mainly analyzes the research background, significance, elaborated the domestic and foreign research status of the government by law, direction and practice. This paper introduces the concept of evolution with the government under the rule of law process history of foreign people, main points of development and each stage representative. Analysis and sorting out the status quo in modern rule of law the concept and main achievements.
The second part, the origin and evolution of Western thought explains the doctrine, also discussed the development of Chinese this concept, and this paper from their own point of view to explain the concept of human connotation: people-centered, attention to people, caring for people, fully mobilize the people's initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, and to promote the all-round development of human freedom as the goal, in short, everything for the people. And from two aspects of theory and practical analysis of the necessity and feasibility of the rule of law government adhere to the people of this concept, the expression of the idea of people is the government by law spirit heritage.
The third part, mainly from the perspective of the construction of the legal government. Since thirty years of reform and opening up, China's government by law construction to actively implement the idea of people. Whether it is to build the basic framework of the rule of law the legal level, the government level or practice the idea of people for the construction of the government under the rule of law laid base. However the traditional ruling class will still prevail, the legal instrumentalism and utilitarianism and pragmatism thought still exists, the brutal law enforcement, law enforcement, the right pressure method the phenomenon is still serious. Therefore, this part separately from the legislative value orientation, service ability, government transparency, administrative law enforcement humanization, five aspects citizen consciousness discusses the government under the rule of law in the process of the lack of the concept of performance, and analyzes the reasons behind.
The fourth part opens up a concise window, the author tries to analyze the characteristics of Singapore government find can learn from experience and Enlightenment for the construction of the government under the rule of law in our country. From the supremacy of law, power restriction and self-discipline, protection of human rights, strict law enforcement features four main aspects of the rule of law pattern in Singapore, and summarizes the the practice of Singapore government under the rule of law humanism. Finally through the comparative analysis of the Singapore national conditions and the situation of our country, explore Singapore government mode in our country and enlightenment.
The fifth part, mainly from the balance, service, transparency, the basic framework of humanity and moral five aspects to build the government under the rule of law, the external manifestations of these five characteristics is the government under the rule of law, but also the inherent requirement of the rule of law government. In the way of mutual penetration between them, mutual integration, mutual promotion. Combining with the actual situation in China based on the basic framework of reference, proposed the construction of the rule of law in our government the way the experience of Singapore.
The final conclusion gives a brief summary of the views presented in this article.

【學位授予單位】：東華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D922.1

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本文編號：1537016