本文關鍵詞： 社會主義新農(nóng)村 基層民主政治 村民自治　出處：《成都理工大學》2010年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】： 黨的十六屆五中全會審議通過的《中共中央關于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十一個五年規(guī)劃的建議》中提出建設社會主義新農(nóng)村,它是一個全新的戰(zhàn)略目標。它要求黨和國家從全面建設小康社會的全局出發(fā),繼續(xù)把解決“三農(nóng)”問題作為全黨工作的重點,建設社會主義新農(nóng)村。社會主義新農(nóng)村建設是一項長期的戰(zhàn)略任務,其中基層民主政治建設是新農(nóng)村建設的關鍵性環(huán)節(jié),基層民主政治建設是社會主義新農(nóng)村的重要保障。在社會主義新農(nóng)村背景下研究基層民主政治建設具有重大的意義。 改革開放30多年來,中國共產(chǎn)黨始終高度重視基層民主政治建設。黨的十五大提出要擴大基層民主,保證廣大人民群眾直接行使民主權利。黨的十七大報告首次將基層民主制度與人民代表大會、多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度、民主區(qū)域自治制度并列在一起,作為保障廣大人民群眾享有更多的民主權利以及社會主義政治建設的一項重大任務。我國幅員遼闊、人口眾多、社會管理層次比較多,人民群眾生活的重心主要在基層,基層公共事業(yè)的發(fā)展和管理涉及人民群眾的切身利益,基層民主與人民群眾的合法權益密切相關。發(fā)展基層民主、完善基層群眾自治制度是人民當家作主最有效的途徑。而基層民主政治建設包括農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設和城鎮(zhèn)基層民主政治建設,其中農(nóng)村人口占絕大多數(shù),農(nóng)村基層的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展關系到整個中國的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展,因此加強基層民主政治建設的關鍵在農(nóng)村基層民主政治的建設。 農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設,是指黨領導廣大人民群眾在各個領域直接行使民主權利的制度建設和實踐活動,是在國家法律規(guī)定的范圍內,廣大人民群眾充分享有的民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督的權利,依法進行自我管理、自我教育、自我服務,促進農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟社會全面發(fā)展的一種制度。我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設最偉大的實踐是村民自治。村民自治是我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的核心內容,同時也是社會主義民主政治的重要內容�？偟膩碚f包含四個方面的內容,民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督。 本文從四個部分去探討社會主義新農(nóng)村下的農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設。 第一部分是對我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治進行學理分析。主要從三個方面去分析,一是農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的科學概念。它的科學概念主要包括基本內涵和主要外延兩個方面。二是農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設在建設社會主義新農(nóng)村中的地位。它是建設社會主義新農(nóng)村的重要保障,是保證建設和諧農(nóng)村的現(xiàn)實需要,是社會主義民主政治建設的重要基礎。三是農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設在建設社會主義新農(nóng)村中的意義。它有利于調動廣大農(nóng)民的積極性,有利于農(nóng)村社會的穩(wěn)定,有利于為農(nóng)村社會提供科學的決策機制。 第二部分主要探討目前我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設取得的主要成就,并總結其基本經(jīng)驗。農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設一直受到黨和高層領導的關注和重視,農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的法律制度逐步完善,農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的形式不斷豐富。根據(jù)取得的主要成就,我們總結其基本經(jīng)驗。當前我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設更加尊重人民群眾的意志,堅持黨對農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的領導,堅持依法治國使農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設在法治的軌道上有效運行。 第三部分主要從民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督四方面去分析我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設存在的問題,并從經(jīng)濟、政治、文化、社會四個方面去分析原因,并尋找問題的根源。民主選舉方面,宗族勢力、賄選影響農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設的現(xiàn)象越來越突出,選舉方面的制度不完善等;民主決策方面,民主決策程序不科學,兩委關系,鄉(xiāng)村關系不協(xié)調;民主管理方面,農(nóng)民民主意識比較淡薄,農(nóng)民的民主參與意識欠通暢,農(nóng)村基層干部的素質不適應基層民主管理的要求;民主監(jiān)督方面,缺乏有效的監(jiān)督機制,村務公開存在一定的問題,農(nóng)民民主監(jiān)督意識缺乏等。根據(jù)這些存在的問題來探討深層次的原因,主要是經(jīng)濟方面,經(jīng)濟基礎比較薄弱;政治方面,政治體制不夠完善,缺乏相應的法律保障機制;文化方面,傳統(tǒng)的封建思想和文化素質相對較低;社會方面,農(nóng)村社會環(huán)境有待改善。 第四部分為了進一步加強和完善我國農(nóng)村基層民主政治建設從經(jīng)濟、政治、文化、社會四個方面提出幾點自己的建議。經(jīng)濟建設是基礎環(huán)節(jié),從根本上說,經(jīng)濟是基礎,我們要不斷的解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力,任何時候都必須緊緊圍繞這個中心,只有經(jīng)濟發(fā)展上去了,農(nóng)民才能更多的關注政治的發(fā)展。政治建設是保障,要不斷完善跟民主政治建設相關的法律制度,完善相應的監(jiān)督機制,加強黨的領導,提高基層干部的素質。文化建設是內在動力,大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村教育,強國必先強教,教育在民主政治建設中起著至關重要的作用,受教育的程度決定著人們分析問題,解決問題的能力,民主意識跟教育也有一定的關系。社會建設是外在環(huán)境,我們要抓住社會主義核心價值體系引領社會思潮,凈化農(nóng)村社會環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:The party's the fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee passed "the CPC Central Committee proposed to build a new socialist countryside development eleventh five year plan for national economic and social development proposals", it is a new strategic target. It requires the party and the State Council starting from the comprehensive construction of a well-off society, to solve the "three rural issues" as the focus the work of the whole party, the construction of new socialist countryside. The construction of new socialist countryside is a long-term strategic task, the basic level democratic political construction is a key link in the construction of new countryside, grass-roots democracy construction is an important guarantee of the socialist new countryside. In the background of the new socialist rural areas of grassroots democratic political construction is of great significance.
30 years of reform and opening up, the Communist Party has always attached great importance to Chinese grass-roots democracy. The 15th Party Congress proposed to expand democracy at the grassroots level, to ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights. The report of the Seventeenth Party Congress for the first time the grassroots democracy and the people's Congress, multi party cooperation and political consultation system, the democratic system of regional autonomy together as to ensure the people to enjoy more democratic rights and socialist political construction is an important task. China has a vast territory, large population, more social management level, people's life mainly focus on the grassroots level, the development and management of local public utilities involving the vital interests of the masses, and the masses of grassroots democracy the legitimate rights and interests are closely related to the development of grassroots democracy, improve the system of grassroots self-government is the most effective way to people in power. The grassroots democratic political construction including the rural grassroots democratic political construction and the urban grassroots democratic political construction, the rural population accounts for the vast majority, stability and development of rural grassroots is related to the stability and development of the whole Chinese, so the key to strengthening the building of grassroots democracy in rural grassroots democratic political construction.
The construction of rural grass-roots democracy, refers to the Party leadership of the masses in various fields directly exercise their democratic rights system construction and practice in national law, democratic elections, the broad masses of the people fully enjoy the democratic decision-making, democratic management, democratic supervision rights, self management, self education according to law. Self service, to promote a system of rural economic and social development. The practice of China's rural grassroots democracy construction in the greatest is the villagers' autonomy. Villagers' autonomy is the core content of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in China, and is also an important content of the socialist democratic politics. In general contains four aspects of democratic elections., democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision.
This paper discusses the construction of democratic politics in the rural grass-roots level under the new socialist countryside from four parts.
The first part is the theoretical analysis of China's rural grass-roots democracy. Mainly from three aspects to analysis, one is the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy scientific concept. Its scientific concept mainly includes two aspects: the basic connotation and main extension. Two rural grass-roots democratic political construction in the construction of new socialist countryside status it is an important guarantee for building a new socialist countryside, is the guarantee of the construction of harmonious rural reality, is an important foundation for the construction of socialist democratic politics. The three is the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in building a new socialist rural village. It is helpful to arouse the enthusiasm of farmers, rural areas is conducive to social stability, conducive to to provide scientific decision-making mechanism for the rural society.
The second part mainly discusses the main achievements of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in China, and sums up the basic experience of the construction of rural grass-roots democracy has been the party and senior leadership attention, the legal system of the rural grass-roots democracy gradually perfect, the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy constantly enrich the forms according to the achievements., we sum up the basic experience. The current China's rural grassroots democracy construction more respect for the will of the people, adhere to the leadership of the party in the construction of the rural grass-roots democracy, uphold the rule of law to the construction of rural grass-roots democracy in the effective operation of the orbit of the rule of law.
The third part mainly from the democratic election, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision in four aspects to analyze the existence of rural grassroots democracy in China, and from the economic, political, cultural, analysis of four aspects of society, and find the root problem. The democratic election, the clan forces, bribery and construction the rural grass-roots democracy phenomenon more prominent, the electoral system is not perfect; the democratic decision-making, democratic decision-making procedure is not scientific, relationship between the two committees, uncoordinated rural relations; democratic management, farmers democratic awareness is relatively weak, farmers' awareness of the democratic participation is not smooth, the quality of the rural grassroots cadres to grass-roots democracy management requirements; democratic supervision, the lack of effective supervision of village affairs, there are some problems, lack of awareness of democratic supervision. According to these problems, to explore the deep The reasons for this are mainly the economic aspect, the economic foundation is relatively weak, the political system is not perfect enough, and there is no corresponding legal guarantee mechanism. In terms of culture, the traditional feudal ideology and cultural quality is relatively low, and the rural social environment needs to be improved in the social aspect.
The fourth part in order to further strengthen and improve China's rural grassroots democracy construction from economy, politics, culture, put forward some suggestions in four aspects. Social economic construction is the basic link, fundamentally speaking, the economy is the foundation, we must constantly emancipate and develop the productive forces, must focus on the center only the development of the economy, up, farmers can pay more attention to the development of politics. Political construction is the guarantee, we must constantly improve with the democratic political construction of the relevant legal system, improve the supervision mechanism, strengthen the leadership of the party, improve the quality of cadres at the grassroots level. Cultural construction is the inherent driving force, vigorously develop the rural education, power will be strong teach, education plays a vital role in the construction of democratic politics, the level of education determines the people to analyze problems, problem-solving skills, and education also have democratic consciousness A certain relationship. Social construction is an external environment. We should seize the socialist core value system to lead the social trend of thought and purify the rural social environment.

【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D422.6

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前6條

1 張思軍,彭雙;論農(nóng)村基層民主建設的制約因素和發(fā)展途徑[J];科技創(chuàng)業(yè)月刊;2005年02期

2 肖立輝;;基層群眾自治的緣起與發(fā)展[J];科學社會主義;2008年03期

3 孫永芬;;政治心態(tài)與影響因素間變量關系的實證分析[J];政治學研究;2008年01期

4 徐勇;論中國農(nóng)村“鄉(xiāng)政村治”治理格局的穩(wěn)定與完善[J];社會科學研究;1997年05期

5 劉志鵬;村委會選舉中的重點、難點問題——“全國村委會選舉情況分析會”討論綜述[J];社會主義研究;2003年01期

6 李建國;是什么影響了換屆選舉的質量[J];鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)論壇;1999年03期

相關重要報紙文章 前3條

1 本報記者 黃輝;[N];中國紀檢監(jiān)察報;2008年

2 徐其斌　謝敬遠;[N];人民日報;2004年

3 本報評論員;[N];人民日報;2008年

，

本文編號：1535548