本文關(guān)鍵詞： 刑辯之難 執(zhí)業(yè)風(fēng)險 法律職業(yè)共同體 律師職業(yè)倫理 法治　出處：《甘肅政法學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國律師行業(yè)在改革開放的三十多年里得到了顯著的發(fā)展,該行業(yè)已經(jīng)發(fā)展成為一個社會關(guān)注度極高且較有影響力的行業(yè),但是在行業(yè)內(nèi)部,與民商事領(lǐng)域律師業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展形成鮮明對比,刑事辯護(hù)事業(yè)并沒有像法治發(fā)達(dá)國家那樣受到應(yīng)有的尊重,導(dǎo)致其發(fā)展的道路歷經(jīng)頗多波折、甚至可以說充滿艱辛。從實(shí)踐的角度看:首先,刑事辯護(hù)律師的工作往往不被大眾所理解,原本是中國法治建設(shè)兢兢業(yè)業(yè)的“燃燈者”,卻經(jīng)常被輿論冠以“罪惡幫兇”的稱號。其次,刑辯律師為了保障當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利,常常不得已的與代表公權(quán)力的一方發(fā)生沖突,這樣的沖突在法治建設(shè)尚不完善的今天,往往給辯護(hù)律師帶來巨大的職業(yè)風(fēng)險,稍有不慎,自己也會丟了飯碗,甚至身陷囫圇。職業(yè)風(fēng)險之外,辯護(hù)活動開展也阻礙重重,除了會見難、閱卷難、調(diào)查取證難這“老三難”問題外,實(shí)踐中還表現(xiàn)為程序性辯護(hù)之難。最后,律師在法律職業(yè)共同體中的缺席,使得在刑事訴訟程序中,律師被視為“麻煩制造者”的角色。本文以貴陽市發(fā)生的“黎慶洪涉黑案”(又稱“貴陽小河案”)為背景,具體敘述了我國刑辯律師所面臨的困境已以及筆者對此困境出路的若干思考。本文分為三章,具體如下:第一章是“案情簡介及該案所反映的刑辯律師的困境”,在本章中,筆者以“貴陽小河案”為背景,結(jié)合案例具體分析我國刑事辯護(hù)律師當(dāng)前所面臨的困境,主要分兩個方面:首先是刑辯之難,主要表現(xiàn)為會見之難、閱卷之難、調(diào)查取證之難以及程序性辯護(hù)之難;其次是刑辯之險,主要表現(xiàn)為受追訴之險、名譽(yù)之險、執(zhí)業(yè)之險以及辯護(hù)效果之險。第二章是“我國刑辯律師困境問題主要成因的分析”,在本章中,筆者總結(jié)了我國刑事辯護(hù)困境的三個原因:首先是律師在法律職業(yè)共同體中的缺位;其次是從律師自身角度出發(fā),指出我國刑辯律師素質(zhì)參差不齊,隊伍建設(shè)管理有待提高;最后,當(dāng)刑辯律師自身職業(yè)道德所要求的忠于當(dāng)事人的利益與社會道德所要求的公平正義、懲戒犯罪產(chǎn)生沖突時,往往會使輿論對律師的工作產(chǎn)生誤解,甚至產(chǎn)生負(fù)面的評價。第三章是“對于我國刑辯律師困境出路的若干構(gòu)想”本章中,筆者結(jié)合困境產(chǎn)生的原因提出了四條建議:第一,用職業(yè)化培訓(xùn)的方法提升刑辯律師隊伍的整體素質(zhì),這樣的素質(zhì)應(yīng)當(dāng)包括業(yè)務(wù)能力素質(zhì)以及職業(yè)道德素質(zhì);第二,通過對近期發(fā)生的“鄒碧華現(xiàn)象”進(jìn)行解讀,來說明我國法律職業(yè)共同體間相互尊重、信任的可行性;第三,闡述從完善立法的角度來改變辯護(hù)困境的幾點(diǎn)思路;第四,筆者認(rèn)為可以通過加強(qiáng)對公眾的法治化教育,增強(qiáng)社會的民主法治意識,以期來改變輿論對辯護(hù)律師作用的負(fù)面評價。
[Abstract]:In the more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's lawyer industry has developed into a highly concerned and influential industry, but within the industry, In contrast to the vigorous development of the legal profession in the field of civil and commercial affairs, criminal defense does not receive the due respect as the developed countries with the rule of law, which leads to a lot of twists and turns on the way of its development. From a practical point of view: first of all, the work of criminal defense lawyers is often not understood by the public. Originally a "lantern" who worked hard in the construction of the rule of law in China, they are often called "evil accomplices" by public opinion. Secondly, in order to protect the rights of the parties, criminal lawyers often have to conflict with the party representing the public power. Such conflicts are still not perfect in the construction of the rule of law today, and often bring great professional risks to defense lawyers. If they are a little careless, they will lose their jobs, or even be in danger. In addition to the professional risks, the development of defense activities will also be hindered. In addition to the difficulty of meeting, reading papers, investigating and obtaining evidence, the problem of the "old three difficulties" is also manifested in practice as the difficulty of procedural defense. Finally, the lawyer's absence in the legal profession community makes it difficult in criminal proceedings. Lawyers are regarded as "troublemakers". This article takes the case of "Li Qingghong" (also known as "Guiyang River case") in Guiyang as the background. This article is divided into three chapters: the first chapter is "the brief introduction of the case and the plight of the criminal defense lawyer reflected in this case", in this chapter, Taking Guiyang Xiaohe case as the background and combining with the case, the author analyzes the current plight of our country's criminal defense lawyer. It is mainly divided into two aspects: the first is the difficulty of criminal defense, the main performance is the difficulty of meeting and marking. It is difficult to investigate and obtain evidence and the difficulty of procedural defense, followed by the risk of criminal defense, mainly manifested as the risk of prosecution, the risk of reputation, The second chapter is "the Analysis of the main causes of the plight of Criminal Defence lawyers in China", in this chapter, The author summarizes the three reasons for the dilemma of criminal defense in our country: firstly, the absence of lawyers in the legal professional community, secondly, from the angle of lawyers themselves, pointing out that the quality of criminal defense lawyers in our country is uneven, and the construction and management of the team need to be improved. Finally, when the criminal defense lawyer's own professional ethics requires loyalty to the interests of the client and the fairness and justice required by the social morality, the punishment of the crime often causes public opinion to misunderstand the lawyer's work. In this chapter, the author puts forward four suggestions according to the reasons of the dilemma. Using the method of professional training to improve the overall quality of the criminal defense lawyers, such quality should include the quality of professional ability and professional ethics; second, through the recent "Zou Bihua phenomenon" interpretation, To illustrate the feasibility of mutual respect and trust among the legal professional communities in our country; third, to elaborate several ideas to change the dilemma of defense from the angle of perfecting legislation; 4th, the author thinks that we can strengthen the legal education to the public. Strengthen the social consciousness of democracy and rule by law in order to change the negative opinion of public opinion on the role of defense counsel.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D925.2;D926.5

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本文編號：1510114