本文關(guān)鍵詞： 活性炭 化學(xué)鍍鎳 非鈀活化 吸波性能 磁性 吸附性　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：活性炭具有比表面積高,孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)豐富等性質(zhì),因此,活性炭作為催化劑載體和吸附劑在催化反應(yīng)、生物分離、清潔生產(chǎn)等領(lǐng)域均有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。然而原始活性炭的電磁性能是較差。所以本研主要是想通過在活性炭的表面鍍上一層金屬,使活性炭既具有金屬的特性同時(shí)又不破壞其原有屬性,制得一種具有高傳導(dǎo)率,高強(qiáng)度及吸附性能優(yōu)良的活性炭復(fù)合材料,從而拓寬活性炭的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。 本研究以椰殼活性炭為主要原料,采用非鈀活化化學(xué)鍍工藝,制備出了鎳基磁性活性炭。實(shí)驗(yàn)中探討了化學(xué)鍍工藝中各個(gè)條件對(duì)活性炭孔容積及比表面積、金屬化率的影響,并通過研究不同條件下鎳基磁性活性炭對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)和碘溶液的吸附值的改變來(lái)探討不同條件下鎳基磁性活性炭吸附能力的變化。通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察了鎳基磁性活性炭的表面形貌。通過EDS能譜分析了鎳基磁性活性炭鍍層的主要成分。因?yàn)槲覀兿胍频玫牟牧贤瑫r(shí)具有活性炭和金屬的性質(zhì),所以我們又對(duì)樣品的電磁性能進(jìn)行了研究。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下： 經(jīng)過實(shí)驗(yàn)討論,確定了最佳的化學(xué)工藝條件,即：施鍍溫度為70℃,鍍液的pH值為8-9,活性炭的顆粒度為200～400目�；瘜W(xué)鍍后,鎳基磁性活性炭表現(xiàn)了良好的吸附性能,其對(duì)亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附值可以達(dá)到142.5 mg/g,對(duì)碘的吸附值可以達(dá)到1035mg/g。其金屬化率隨著鍍液用量的增加而增加,比表面積和孔容積的值則隨之減小。其數(shù)值分別從942.86 m2/g減少到859.12 m2/g,從0.462 mL/g減少到0.417 mL/g。其磁性強(qiáng)度隨著金屬化率的增加而成增大。 通過SEM和EDS分析可知,活性炭化學(xué)鍍鎳后,其鍍層連續(xù)、均勻、有金屬光澤,有明顯的孔隙結(jié)構(gòu),鍍層中的主要成分為鎳和磷,其中鎳的含量為97.27%,磷的含量為2.73%。與原始活性炭相比,鎳基磁性活性炭復(fù)磁導(dǎo)率的實(shí)部μ′與虛部μ″均有所增加,介電常數(shù)的實(shí)部ε′與虛部ε″則有所減少。另外,化學(xué)鍍后,活性炭具有了一定的磁性,使鎳基磁性活性炭適用于某些特殊的領(lǐng)域�？偟脕�(lái)說,采用非鈀活化化學(xué)鍍法制備鎳基磁性活性炭這一方法切實(shí)可行,所制備的產(chǎn)品可以應(yīng)用到許多領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:Activated carbon has high specific surface area, rich pore structure and so on. Therefore, activated carbon acts as catalyst carrier and adsorbent in catalytic reaction and biological separation. Cleaner production and other fields have a wide range of applications. However, the electromagnetic properties of the original activated carbon is poor. So this research is mainly by plating a layer of metal on the surface of the activated carbon. The activated carbon not only has the characteristics of metal but also does not destroy its original properties, a kind of active carbon composite with high conductivity, high strength and excellent adsorption property is prepared, thus widening the application field of activated carbon. In this study, nickel based magnetic activated carbon was prepared from coconut shell activated carbon by non-palladium activated electroless plating process. The effects of various conditions on pore volume, specific surface area and metallization rate of activated carbon were investigated in the experiment. The adsorption capacity of nickel based magnetic activated carbon under different conditions for methylene blue and iodine solution was studied by studying the adsorption value of nickel based magnetic activated carbon under different conditions. The effect of scanning electron microscopy on the adsorption capacity of nickel based magnetic activated carbon was observed. The surface morphology of magnetic activated carbon. The main components of nickel based magnetic activated carbon coating were analyzed by EDS spectroscopy, because the materials we wanted to produce had both active carbon and metal properties. Therefore, the electromagnetic properties of the samples are also studied. The experimental results are as follows:. After experimental discussion, the optimum chemical process conditions were determined, that is, the plating temperature was 70 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1497100