本文關(guān)鍵詞：民主政治視域中的我國公民意識的培育，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

民主政治視域中的我國公民意識的培育

民主政治視域中的我國公民意識的培育

公民意識,指在民主政體的國家中,公民以主體身份獨立、平等地參與國家公共活動(包括政治活動),并在此活動中形成的公民對自己與他人、國家、社會在國家政治活動中的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系,以及對自己所處地位的自我認識與現(xiàn)實感受。從民主政治的視角看,國家意識、法治意識、主體意識、權(quán)利與責(zé)任意識、民主平等自由意識是公民意識的基本構(gòu)成要素。公民是民主政治的產(chǎn)物,公民意識的培育為我國民主政治建設(shè)提供精神動力和思想基礎(chǔ),也是建設(shè)社會主義政治文明的思想基礎(chǔ)。反過來,中國民主政治的發(fā)展也推動著公民意識的成熟和完善。新時期,我國公民意識整體水平不斷提高,但受不同地區(qū)、個體受教育水平的差異影響,公民意識發(fā)展不平衡現(xiàn)象突出。與落后地區(qū)相比,經(jīng)濟發(fā)達地區(qū)的公民意識整體水平較高,受教育水平越高,公民意識也越高。隨著信息社會的到來,公民意識內(nèi)容不斷豐富、表現(xiàn)形式復(fù)雜多樣。然而,由于歷史及現(xiàn)實的理由,我國公民意識整體上很缺乏,這種整體上的缺乏表現(xiàn)為公民法治意識淡薄,公共責(zé)任意識淡漠,公民主體意識與依附意識并存,公民重公權(quán)力與輕私權(quán)利意識并存,以及平等意識與等級意識并存。淺析淺析我國公民意識不足產(chǎn)生的理由,筆者認為既有歷史的因素,也有現(xiàn)實的影響;既與公民自身缺乏公民知識有關(guān),也關(guān)涉公民生活的外部環(huán)境。系統(tǒng)淺析淺析,我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)專制政治和近代中國民主進程的反復(fù)影響公民意識的萌芽與發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)儒家人倫文化、計劃經(jīng)濟時期重集體輕個人的價值取向、當(dāng)前我國公民社會發(fā)展不成熟,以及公民教育的缺失與落后阻礙現(xiàn)代公民意識的發(fā)展與成熟。解決公民意識存在的不足,筆者認為公民教育是公民意識培育的主渠道,同時,自下而上的革新,如公民社會的發(fā)展壯大也是推動公民意識提高的重要條件和支撐。此外,經(jīng)濟體制革新為公民意識的培育提供堅實的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和保障,信息社會的大眾媒體的輿論宣傳和引導(dǎo)推動著公民意識的發(fā)展。當(dāng)今中國社會,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)日益普及,網(wǎng)絡(luò)民主既是推動現(xiàn)代公民意識成熟的重要力量,也彌補了現(xiàn)實民主制度的某些不足,擴大了公民參與和監(jiān)督的渠道,推進了中國民主政治持續(xù)深入發(fā)展。

【Abstract】 Citizen awareness, in the country of democracy politics, refers to citizens are the equal main-body who participate the public activities independently(including in political activities),and citizens in the activities gradually form self-identification and the real feelings on the relationships between oneself and others, especially in the country’s political activities, on the relationships of the rights and obligations between participants and others. In the perspective of democratic political, national consciousness, legal consciousness, subject consciousness, consciousness of rights and obligation, consciousness of democracy and equality and liberty are the essential components of citizen awareness. Citizen is the product of the development of democracy politics, and the cultivation of citizen awareness provides spiritual motivation and psychological foundation for the development of democracy politics. In contrast, the development of Chinese democracy politics promotes citizen awareness maturely and completely.In the new period, the whole level of citizen awareness is increasing, but in light of different regions and the different education levels of individuals, the unbalanced phenomenon of the development of citizen awareness is remarkable. Compared with the backward areas, the overall level of citizen awareness in economically developed areas is higher, the higher the level of education, citizen awareness is also higher. With the advent of the information society, the content of citizen awareness increasingly enriches, and forms are complex and diverse. However, owing to historical and practical reasons, our citizen awareness is in lacking in the whole, which represents the indifference of public accountability consciousness, the coexistence of the citizens’ independent and attachment consciousness, the consciousness of citizens emphasize the power and light private rights. Analyzing the causes of the problems of citizen awareness, I think the reasons include both historical factors and the impact of reality. The reasons not only refer to the lack of citizen knowledge, but also refer to the external environment where the citizens live. On the whole look, we find that the traditional autocratic political and repeated democratic process in modern China affect the emergence and development of citizen awareness, traditional Confucian culture, the orientation of weighting group and looking down on human individual in the planned economy period, the current immaturity of the development of citizen awareness in China, and the lack and backwardness of citizen education hinders the development of the maturity of modern citizen awareness.To solve the problems of citizen awareness, the citizen education is the main channel , and the reform of bottom up,such as the development and swell of civil society organizations are the important condition and prop. In addition, economic reforms provide a solid material foundation for the cultivation of citizen awareness and in the information society, the propaganda and public opinion guidance of media drives the development of citizen awareness. In modern China, the internet network increasingly widespread, network democracy is not only an important force to promote modern citizen awareness maturity, but also make up for the lack of real democracy, expanding citizen participation and the channels of supervision, pushing the development of democratic politics continuously in China in further.

【關(guān)鍵詞】 公民； 公民意識； 民主政治； 公民教育；
【Key words】 the citizen； citizen awareness； democracy politics； citizen education；

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：民主政治視域中的我國公民意識的培育，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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本文編號：141878