本文關鍵詞：政府經(jīng)濟行為的憲政分析　出處：《甘肅政法學院》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 政府經(jīng)濟行為 憲政 反壟斷法 規(guī)制 完善

【摘要】：反壟斷法是現(xiàn)代市場經(jīng)濟法律制度的重要組成部分。作為維護自由競爭制約權力集中的法律,反壟斷法的初衷就是通過在經(jīng)濟層面上實現(xiàn)自由和民主,從而杜絕因為經(jīng)濟壟斷產(chǎn)生的威脅社會自由和民主的可能。在反壟斷法的實施過程中享有公共權力的政府扮演什么樣的角色,對反壟斷法目標的實現(xiàn)具有決定性的作用。我國《反壟斷法》實施以來在步履維艱中成績斐然,本文以考察我國反壟斷法實施中的成就和阻力為例證,對如何在市場經(jīng)濟中規(guī)制政府經(jīng)濟行為展開憲政分析,剖析并進而破解政府經(jīng)濟行為中如何準確把握政府的身份定位、角色扮演、目標設定和行為選擇等深層次的基礎性難題,做一點點嘗試。文章第一部分從政府經(jīng)濟行為的基本認識出發(fā)對政府經(jīng)濟行為與憲政關系的一般理論進行了分析。政府經(jīng)濟行為是,政府作為市場經(jīng)濟的管理者和參與者,所實施的對市場經(jīng)濟運行的規(guī)制調控行為,以及政府利用公共物品如稀缺資源的管理人身份所實施的參與市場活動的行為。政府經(jīng)濟行為與憲政之間存在交互影響,政府經(jīng)濟行為的實施是在特定的權力機關或者憲法、法律的授權前提下展開;政府經(jīng)濟行為包含著利用稀缺資源從事生產(chǎn)、交換、分配等,政府經(jīng)濟行為所追求的經(jīng)濟自由和經(jīng)濟民主的法律價值,蘊含著憲政的屬性;對政府經(jīng)濟行為的監(jiān)督必須出自憲政機制的安排,憲政機制將立法機關的事先監(jiān)督和司法機關的事后監(jiān)督結合起來。文章第二部分通過對政府經(jīng)濟行為理論和實踐的變遷進行回顧,把握政府經(jīng)濟行為的初衷、發(fā)展脈搏和趨勢。透過西方經(jīng)濟理論對政府在市場經(jīng)濟中的角色認識從守夜人到道德人到裁判的變化,我們可以非常明確地把握政府經(jīng)濟職能不斷變化的趨勢。公共選擇理論對于認識政府經(jīng)濟行為特別是政府失靈的問題,有非常重要的幫助。我國政府經(jīng)濟行為經(jīng)歷了與西方完全不同的過程,從完全的計劃經(jīng)濟到有計劃的商品經(jīng)濟再到市場經(jīng)濟,政府在社會經(jīng)濟生活中的角色變化是逐漸放權的過程,從完全的經(jīng)濟主體演變成監(jiān)管調控和參與的角色。政府在歷史長河中,從旁觀者到了干預者,或者從經(jīng)濟主體變成了監(jiān)管主體,其角色不斷變化。本文把對政府經(jīng)濟行為類型的認識安排在西方理論變遷和我國政府職能變化后,政府經(jīng)濟行為包括了政府規(guī)制調控行為和政府參于生產(chǎn)、交換、消費、借貸及公共產(chǎn)品市場等各種行為。政府經(jīng)濟行為必須體現(xiàn)政府是代表社會公共利益的主體,濫用權力、權力缺失等行為都違背了憲政宗旨。文章第二部分提出政府經(jīng)濟行為現(xiàn)實表現(xiàn)的同時,提出政府經(jīng)濟行為實施中的濫權、缺失等問題,作為在第三部分中分析和認識我國政府經(jīng)濟行為偏差的過渡。我國政府在經(jīng)濟領域中歷史角色的變遷,對我國政府經(jīng)濟行為有著重大的影響,特別是由于缺乏對市場經(jīng)濟的準確認識,造成了我國政府經(jīng)濟行為在實施中的偏差。我國政府經(jīng)濟行為的偏差主要表現(xiàn)在政府失靈和行為不規(guī)范方面。政府在條件不具備或不完全具備的情況下進行宏觀調控,可能出現(xiàn)政府經(jīng)濟行為失效甚至破壞性后果,造成政府失靈的原因有:信息失靈、目標選擇失誤、管理失控等。政府必然需要花費一定的成本或代價干預經(jīng)濟行為,而且有可能效率較低,同時,政府干預也為尋租行為提供了可能性。不規(guī)范政府經(jīng)濟行為,主要表現(xiàn)在資源配置的參與行為中,如違規(guī)執(zhí)行土地政策、行政壟斷、信貸干預、價格管制等。中國目前經(jīng)濟政策的政治博弈是在親生產(chǎn)者的管制政策和親消費者的管制政策之間徘徊,在從親生產(chǎn)者的管制政策階段,朝著親消費者的管制政策緩慢推進。政府反競爭的濫權行為要從社會效果中衡量價值加以規(guī)制�；趯ξ覈�(jīng)濟行為偏差的表現(xiàn)和原因分析,文章第四部分就如何從憲政的角度進一步規(guī)范政府經(jīng)濟行為,為政府經(jīng)濟行為憲政進程提出自己的觀點。在我國通過憲政機制有效規(guī)制政府經(jīng)濟行為,首先應該建立政府權力界限規(guī)制,對政府經(jīng)濟行為確立嚴格的程序規(guī)制和問責制,要建立對管理相對人的意志表達和權利救濟途徑。建立符合憲政精神的政府經(jīng)濟行為法律機制,還應該在我國著力培育競爭文化,為政府經(jīng)濟行為的憲政進路奠定文化基礎。要培育競爭文化,具有重要意義的應該是政府的職能定位及行為規(guī)制的建立、市場主體特別是國有企業(yè)的競爭行為規(guī)制和競爭意識的養(yǎng)成、中小企業(yè)和消費者的市場主體及競爭意識的樹立三個方面。從憲政的角度對政府經(jīng)濟行為進行研究,不僅在憲政領域方面的理論意義深遠,而且對我國經(jīng)濟法治建設中的立法司法實踐極具現(xiàn)實意義。本文從政府經(jīng)濟行為的理論和實踐相結合的角度出發(fā),沿著提出問題、分析問題、解決問題的基本思路,剖析我國政府經(jīng)濟行為的歷史和現(xiàn)狀,并圍繞政府經(jīng)濟行為的憲政規(guī)制形成了一些不成熟建議。以期通過對政府經(jīng)濟行為在我國憲政維度上的法律規(guī)制進行探究,為促進具有中國特色社會主義市場經(jīng)濟制度中對政府經(jīng)濟行為規(guī)制的完善做出一點努力。
[Abstract]:Anti monopoly law is an important part of the legal system of modern market economy. As the maintenance of free competition restricting power centralized law, anti-monopoly law is designed through the realization of freedom and democracy in the economic level, so as to eliminate the threat of economic monopoly because of social freedom and democracy. In the process of implementation of anti-monopoly law enjoy the public power of the government to play what role, play a decisive role in the realization of the aim of anti monopoly law. Since China's anti-monopoly law in the implementation of < > said of an aged person has made brilliant achievements, this paper investigates the implementation of China's anti-monopoly law in achievement and resistance as an example, launched a constitutional analysis on how to regulate the market economy in the economic behavior of the government, how to grasp the status of the government, and then solve the correct analysis of the economic behavior of the government in role-playing, goal setting and behavior choice of deep The basic problem, try to do a little bit. The first part is a basic understanding from the economic behavior of the general theory of the relationship of government economic behavior and constitutionalism are analyzed. The economic behavior of the government, the government as the market economic management and participants, the implementation of the regulation on the operation of market economy regulation, and participate in the market the behavior of the implementation of government use of public goods such as scarce resources management status. There exists interaction between the economic behavior of the government and constitutional government, the implementation of government economic behavior is in the specific authority or the constitution authorized under the premise of legal development; government economic behavior includes the use of scarce resources to engage in the production, exchange, distribution etc. and the pursuit of the economic behavior of economic freedom and democracy and the legal value, contains the constitutional attribute; supervision of government economic behavior will Must be from the constitutional mechanism arrangement, constitutional mechanism will advance legislative supervision and judicial organs of the supervision together. In the second part, through the review on the change of government economic behavior theory and practice, to grasp the economic behavior of the government's original intention, and the pulse of the development trend. Understanding the change from the watchman to the referee to moral the role of government in the market economy through the western economic theory, we can clearly grasp the changing trend of the economic function of the government. The public choice theory especially the government failure problem for understanding the economic behavior of the government, have very important help. Government economic behavior in China has experienced the process is completely different from the west, from total a planned economy to a planned commodity economy to market economy, change the role of government in the social economic life is a process of gradual decentralization, from The economic subject evolved into the regulatory role of government and regulation. In the long history, from a bystander to intervention, or from the economic subject into a regulatory body, the role changing. The understanding of government economic behavior type arrangement changes and function of our government changes in western theory, government economic behavior includes government regulation and government regulation behavior to participate in the production, exchange, consumption behavior, various lending and public goods market. The government must reflect the economic behavior of the government is the main body, on behalf of the public the abuse of power, lack of power behavior violates the constitutional purposes. The second part puts forward the reality of the performance of government economic behavior at the same time, the government proposed the implementation of the economic behavior of the abuse of power, loss and other issues, as in the third part of the analysis and understanding of China's economic transition. The government behavior deviation of I The change of government in the economic field in the historical role, has a great impact on the economic behavior of our government, especially due to the lack of accurate understanding of the market economy, caused by the deviation of our government's economic behavior. The deviation in the implementation of the economic behavior of our government mainly in government failure and behavior is not standard. The government in macro-control conditions do not have or do not fully meet the conditions, there may be economic behavior of government failure and even destructive consequences, cause government failure: failure information, target selection errors, the management is out of control. The government must take the behavior cost or price intervention in the economy to some extent, and there may be efficiency is low, at the same time, government intervention also provides the possibility of rent-seeking behavior is not standardized. The government economic behavior, participation behavior is mainly manifested in the allocation of resources, such as illegal land administrative execution Policy, administrative monopoly, credit intervention, price control and so on. The political game China economic policy is currently hovering between producers and consumers of the pro control policy control policy, the control policy from the stage of Pro producers, toward Pro consumer control policy. The government pushed into slow anti competitive abuses from the society the effect of the measured value to be regulated. And the reasons for the performance analysis of the government economic behavior deviation based on the fourth part of the article on how to further standardize from the perspective of constitutional government economic behavior, put forward their views to the government economic behavior of constitutionalism in China. Through effective regulation mechanism of constitutional government economic behavior, should first establish the authority of government the boundaries of economic behavior of government regulation, establish a strict procedural regulation and accountability, to establish expression of will and right to the relative management way of relief. To establish the constitutional spirit of the economic behavior of government legal system in our country, also should focus on cultivating the culture of competition, a cultural foundation for the Constitutional Approach of government economic behavior. To cultivate a culture of competition, has important significance is to establish the function orientation and behavior of government regulation, market players especially develop the state-owned enterprise competition behavior regulation and the sense of competition, the market main body and the sense of competition of small and medium-sized enterprises and consumers to establish three aspects. To study the economic behavior of government from the constitutional point of view, not only in the field of constitutional theory has far-reaching significance, and the construction of economic law in China's legislative and judicial practice of great practical significance. This paper from the theory and the practice of government economic behavior is the perspective of raising problems, analyzing problems, the basic idea to solve the problem, analysis of China's government economic behavior The history and the status quo, constitutional regulation and on the economic behavior of the government formed some immature proposals. In order to explore the legal regulation in our constitutional dimensions of the government economic behavior, to make a little effort to promote the perfection of government regulation of the economy has China socialist market economy system.

【學位授予單位】：甘肅政法學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D921;D630;D922.294

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