【摘要】：在田野考古領(lǐng)域,考古發(fā)掘現(xiàn)場(chǎng)是考古資料獲取的主要場(chǎng)所,而探方是考古發(fā)掘現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的發(fā)掘單元,探方的三維重建對(duì)歷史回溯、古環(huán)境恢復(fù)等考古研究具有重要意義。傳統(tǒng)的田野考古發(fā)掘手段獲得的地下考古資料大都是分散的二維圖形,不利于遺址、文物時(shí)空關(guān)系研究和完整的三維復(fù)原與展示。隨著與3D GIS技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展成熟,以及在考古工作中應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域的拓展和應(yīng)用水平的提高,3D GIS為考古發(fā)掘中遺址、文物提供數(shù)字化的存儲(chǔ)、展示與開(kāi)發(fā)利用,為田野考古遺址重建和三維可視化分析提供了更有效的手段。 為了推動(dòng)3D GIS在田野考古遺址恢復(fù)應(yīng)用的深度和廣度,本文展開(kāi)了基于垂直剖面數(shù)據(jù)與水平剖面數(shù)據(jù)分別建立探方遺址中考古地層及遺跡的三維實(shí)體模型研究,并給出了考古地層與遺跡整合為一個(gè)完整探方模型的方案,具體進(jìn)行的研究?jī)?nèi)容和取得的研究成果如下： (1)對(duì)田野考古數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,包括田野考古數(shù)據(jù)采集流程、田野考古發(fā)掘?qū)ο蠛吞镆翱脊虐l(fā)掘圖類(lèi)型,總結(jié)了田野考古數(shù)據(jù)的特點(diǎn),并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了田野考古探方三維空間數(shù)據(jù)模型,設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)合理表達(dá)該空間數(shù)據(jù)模型。 (2)基于探方四壁二維剖面數(shù)據(jù),提出并實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于剖面的考古地層三維建模方法,該方法具體包括四個(gè)步驟：考古探方數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)處理、考古探方邊界面建模、考古探方地層界面建模、考古地層界面與考古探方邊界面縫合成體。 (3)利用有限的遺跡平面圖和剖面圖,提出基于輪廓線的遺跡三維建模方法,重建遺跡三維形態(tài)并利用相關(guān)信息確定遺跡在考古地層中的空間位置,繼而使用三維空間實(shí)體布爾運(yùn)算完成考古地層與遺跡整合。 最后,基于本文提出的算法,以湖南澧縣八十W筆荻鳷1-T21田野考古發(fā)掘數(shù)據(jù)為研究對(duì)象,實(shí)現(xiàn)了面向田野考古探方三維建模原型系統(tǒng),驗(yàn)證了本文相關(guān)研究成果的有效性與實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:In the field of archaeology, the site of archaeological excavation is the main place for the acquisition of archaeological data, and the exploring side is the excavating unit of the site of archaeological excavation. The three-dimensional reconstruction of the excavation is of great significance to archaeological research such as historical backtracking and restoration of paleoenvironment. Most of the underground archaeological data obtained by traditional field archaeological excavations are scattered two-dimensional graphics, which is not conducive to the study of the space-time relationship of cultural relics and the complete three-dimensional restoration and display. With the development and maturity of 3D GIS technology, and the expansion and improvement of application level in archaeological work, 3D GIS provides digital storage, display and utilization for archaeological excavations. It provides a more effective method for field archaeological site reconstruction and 3D visualization analysis. In order to promote the depth and breadth of 3D GIS application in the restoration of archaeological sites in the field, this paper studies the establishment of three-dimensional solid models of the paleostratigraphy and remains of the site based on vertical profile data and horizontal profile data, respectively. The scheme of integrating archaeological strata and remains into a complete square model is given. The specific research contents and results are as follows: (1) analyzing field archaeological data, including field archaeological data collection process, the main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) analyzing field archaeological data, including the process of collecting field archaeological data. The objects of field archaeological excavation and the types of field archaeological excavations are summarized. Based on this, the three-dimensional spatial data model of field archaeological exploration is established, and the data structure is designed to reasonably express the spatial data model. (2) based on the two dimensional section data of four walls, a 3D modeling method of archaeological strata based on section is proposed and realized. The method includes four steps: preprocessing of archeological exploration data, modeling of archeological boundary surface. Modeling the interface of archeological exploration stratum, suturing the interface of archaeological stratum and the boundary surface of archaeological exploration. (3) using finite trace plan and section, a method of 3D modeling of relic based on contour is put forward, which can reconstruct 3D shape of relic and determine the spatial position of relic in archaeological strata. Then the three-dimensional spatial entity Boolean operation is used to integrate archaeological strata and relics. Finally, based on the algorithm proposed in this paper, to Hunan Lixian 80W pen? Dee? Based on the field archaeological excavation data of 1-T21, a 3D modeling prototype system for field archaeological exploration is implemented, which verifies the validity and practicability of the related research results in this paper.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K854;P208

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條

1 陶佳;基于DEM的廬山河流襲奪演變研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2012年

2 王丹;基于平面地質(zhì)圖的三維地質(zhì)建模方法研究[D];南京師范大學(xué);2012年

3 田博宇;基于.Net平臺(tái)的田野數(shù)字考古信息系統(tǒng)的研究與開(kāi)發(fā)[D];河北師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2414301