本文選題：河南　切入點(diǎn)：宋金元　出處：《北京大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：崇寧二年（1103），北宋政府在其政治中心——東京開(kāi)封府（今河南開(kāi)封市）刊行了《營(yíng)造法式》，故河南現(xiàn)存的早期建筑與《營(yíng)造法式》應(yīng)存在密切關(guān)聯(lián)。河南地處中原，是中原北方廣大地區(qū)間關(guān)聯(lián)、互動(dòng)的重要環(huán)節(jié)。對(duì)該地區(qū)宋金元寺廟建筑的分期研究，有助于我們認(rèn)識(shí)中原北方地區(qū)早期木構(gòu)建筑的淵源流變。 本文以實(shí)地田野考察獲取的建筑形制信息及金石題記等第一手材料為主要依據(jù)，選擇具有較清晰紀(jì)年、現(xiàn)狀保存較好、后代擾動(dòng)少、建筑形制典型的木構(gòu)建筑實(shí)例作為形制標(biāo)尺案例進(jìn)行個(gè)案研究，分析史料、考證年代、明確建筑形制、進(jìn)行原構(gòu)解析。再輔以紀(jì)年磚室墓、磚石塔等仿木構(gòu)材料中所見(jiàn)的建筑形制，在歷史時(shí)期考古學(xué)基本原理的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行單體建筑形制分期。以此為基礎(chǔ)探討區(qū)域流布及《營(yíng)造法式》的產(chǎn)生等相關(guān)問(wèn)題。 依據(jù)建筑形制標(biāo)尺案例及紀(jì)年仿木構(gòu)材料中所見(jiàn)的建筑形制，可將河南宋金元時(shí)期建筑形制的演變分為四期。其中宋末本地建筑形制變化顯著，金、元時(shí)期則較緩慢，，多屬裝飾性的變化，與《營(yíng)造法式》相符的建筑形制得以在本地延續(xù)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。伴隨裝飾性的增強(qiáng)，元代末年呈現(xiàn)出向明清地方建筑演變的特征。 在與周邊地區(qū)建筑形制的比較中，河南與山東地區(qū)建筑形制關(guān)系密切，而與晉南、晉東南等地差異顯著。《營(yíng)造法式》刊行后，河南建筑形制逐步對(duì)晉東南、晉南等地產(chǎn)生影響，成為中原北方地區(qū)建筑形制演變的重要?jiǎng)右颉Ｍ瑫r(shí)河南也受到周邊地區(qū)一定程度的影響。 《營(yíng)造法式》的產(chǎn)生與河南本地建筑密不可分。通過(guò)形制分期和地區(qū)比較，可知法式規(guī)定的主流建筑形制在其刊行前的河南本地或周邊地區(qū)多有存在�！稜I(yíng)造法式》的編修充分吸收了河南本地建筑的形制特征，具有深刻的本地根源。
[Abstract]:In Chongning two years ago, the government of the Northern Song Dynasty published "creating French style" in its political center, Kaifeng Prefecture in Tokyo (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province), so the existing early buildings in Henan should be closely related to "building French style". Henan is located in the Central Plains. It is an important link in the connection and interaction between the vast areas of the northern part of Central Plains. The study on the temple architecture of Song, Jin and Yuan in this area by stages is helpful to us to understand the origin and evolution of the early wood-structure architecture in the northern part of the Central Plains. Based on the firsthand materials such as building shape information and inscription of gold and stone, this paper chooses a clear chronology, the present situation is better preserved, and the future generations are less disturbed. A case study of a typical wooden structure of architectural form as a case study of a scale, analysis of historical data, textual research, determination of architectural form, analysis of the original structure, and then a tomb with a brick room for chronology, Under the guidance of the basic principles of archaeology in the historical period, the architectural shapes of the wooden imitating materials such as brick and stone towers are divided into two stages. Based on this, the problems related to the regional distribution and the creation of the French style are discussed. According to the case of architectural form scale and the architectural shape system seen in chronological wood-like materials, the evolution of architectural form in Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties in Henan Province can be divided into four periods, in which the changes of local architectural forms in the late Song Dynasty and the Jin and Yuan dynasties are remarkable, while the periods of Jin and Yuan dynasties are relatively slow. Most of them belong to decorative changes, and the architectural form consistent with "creating French style" can last for a long time in the local areas. With the enhancement of decorative nature, the late Yuan Dynasty showed the characteristics of evolution to the local architecture in Ming and Qing dynasties. In the comparison with the surrounding architectural form, Henan and Shandong are closely related to the architectural form, while there are significant differences with the south of Shanxi and southeast of Shanxi. After the publication of the French style of Construction, the architectural form of Henan gradually affects the southeast of Shanxi. The influence of southern Shanxi and other places has become an important reason for the evolution of architectural form in the northern part of Central Plains, and Henan is also affected to some extent by the surrounding areas. The emergence of "creating French style" is closely related to the local buildings in Henan Province. It can be seen that most of the mainstream architectural forms of the French style existed in the local or surrounding areas of Henan before their publication. The compilation of "creating French style" fully absorbed the shape characteristics of local buildings in Henan, and had profound local roots.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K878.6

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