2001年后巴基斯坦極端化與暴力極端主義的蔓延及當(dāng)局的應(yīng)對
發(fā)布時間：2021-04-13 02:43
國內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界已從宗教意識形態(tài)層面解釋過極端化和暴力極端主義相關(guān)問題。大部分應(yīng)對極端化和暴力極端主義威脅的政策都是根據(jù)宗教意識形態(tài)而制定的。本文旨在探析巴基斯坦社會極端化和暴力極端主義形成的主要動因,以便于決策者更好地理解極端化和極端主義及其推動因素之間的因果關(guān)系機制。在本文的分析中,極端化和極端主義是因變量,社會微觀與宏觀層面的推動因素則是自變量。本研究通過在這兩個層面之間架起橋梁,通過分析各層面的互動,來解釋極端化和暴力極端主義的進(jìn)程。本文還強調(diào)意識形態(tài)的指引作用,往往被社會運動組織加以利用,從而達(dá)到招募成員的目的。此外,筆者在實地調(diào)察中發(fā)現(xiàn),大多數(shù)武裝分子網(wǎng)絡(luò)會通過意識形態(tài)來吸引年輕人,將伊斯蘭教描繪為處于危險的境地,而所有穆斯林都負(fù)有保護(hù)伊斯蘭教火種的道德義務(wù),并常常利用“我們”和“他們”相互對立的概念。本文發(fā)現(xiàn),宗教意識形態(tài)并不是導(dǎo)致極端化的唯一因素,但它是為暴力行為辯護(hù)的工具。本文以2001-2015年巴基斯坦的案例研究為基礎(chǔ),通過實地調(diào)查和訪談,發(fā)現(xiàn)這一時期的社會運動組織常常利用宗教意識形態(tài)以實現(xiàn)他們的政治動機。同時,他們也利用敵對外部勢力來推進(jìn)自己的議程,破壞巴基斯坦的穩(wěn)...
【文章來源】：吉林大學(xué)吉林省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】：154 頁
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Explaining the Research Problem
1.3 Argument
1.4 Literature Review
1.5 Theoretical Framework
1.5.1 Definition of Radicalization and Violent Extremism
1.6 Research Methodology
1.7 Significance of the study
CHAPTER 2 Historical background
2.1 Origins of Radical Ideology and Beginning of Islamic Activism
2.2 Afghan Jihad and the beginning of unending extremist ideology
2.3 Islamic Activism and the Origins of Al-Qaeda
2.4 Rise of Tehrik-e-Taliban （TTP） and Extremist groups in Pakistan
2.5 Ideology of the Pakistani nation state
CHAPTER 3 Social movement theory in Explaining Radicalizationand Violent Extremism
3.1 The process of Radicalization and violent Extremism
3.2 Environment for the rise of Islamic radical groups in Pakistan
3.3 Analysis of radicalization and extremism in Pakistan at Micro, Meso, Macro level （2001,2015）
3.3.1 Micro-level of Analysis
3.3.2 Macro-level of Analysis
3.3.3 Middle-Range Level Analysis （Meso Level）
CHAPTER 4 Factors for the spread of violent Extremism in Pakistan.
4.1 The concept of Radicalization & Violent Extremism
4.2 Process of Radicalization in Rural and Urban Pakistan
4.3 Recruitment of Violent Extremist groups in Pakistan （TTP, andother militant groups）
4.4 Domestic Development, difficulties and Anti Americanism inPakistan
CHAPTER 5 DE-radicalization and Counter Radicalization Strategyby Pakistan
5.1 De-radicalization measures, progress and limits
5.2 Counter-radicalization measures: progress and limits
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION and Recommendations
6.1 Conclusion
6.2 Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
INTERVIEWS DATA
Survey Link 1
Survey Link 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
本文編號：3134464
【文章來源】：吉林大學(xué)吉林省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】：154 頁
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Explaining the Research Problem
1.3 Argument
1.4 Literature Review
1.5 Theoretical Framework
1.5.1 Definition of Radicalization and Violent Extremism
1.6 Research Methodology
1.7 Significance of the study
CHAPTER 2 Historical background
2.1 Origins of Radical Ideology and Beginning of Islamic Activism
2.2 Afghan Jihad and the beginning of unending extremist ideology
2.3 Islamic Activism and the Origins of Al-Qaeda
2.4 Rise of Tehrik-e-Taliban （TTP） and Extremist groups in Pakistan
2.5 Ideology of the Pakistani nation state
CHAPTER 3 Social movement theory in Explaining Radicalizationand Violent Extremism
3.1 The process of Radicalization and violent Extremism
3.2 Environment for the rise of Islamic radical groups in Pakistan
3.3 Analysis of radicalization and extremism in Pakistan at Micro, Meso, Macro level （2001,2015）
3.3.1 Micro-level of Analysis
3.3.2 Macro-level of Analysis
3.3.3 Middle-Range Level Analysis （Meso Level）
CHAPTER 4 Factors for the spread of violent Extremism in Pakistan.
4.1 The concept of Radicalization & Violent Extremism
4.2 Process of Radicalization in Rural and Urban Pakistan
4.3 Recruitment of Violent Extremist groups in Pakistan （TTP, andother militant groups）
4.4 Domestic Development, difficulties and Anti Americanism inPakistan
CHAPTER 5 DE-radicalization and Counter Radicalization Strategyby Pakistan
5.1 De-radicalization measures, progress and limits
5.2 Counter-radicalization measures: progress and limits
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION and Recommendations
6.1 Conclusion
6.2 Recommendations
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
INTERVIEWS DATA
Survey Link 1
Survey Link 2
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
本文編號：3134464
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