【摘要】：在菲律賓和泰國(guó),關(guān)于民主存在著兩種截然不同的語境:一種是在國(guó)家精英層面上痛斥"買選票"式的選舉腐敗;一種則是在地方實(shí)踐中,對(duì)政客的評(píng)價(jià)主要是基于其在多大程度上使選民社區(qū)受益,并保障了當(dāng)?shù)刎毭竦臋?quán)益。這種以弱勢(shì)人群社區(qū)為基礎(chǔ)的共生投票行為可被稱為"選舉主義道義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)"。隨著菲律賓總統(tǒng)約瑟夫·埃斯特拉達(dá)(Joseph E.Estrada)和泰國(guó)總理他信·西那瓦(Thaksin Shinawatra)治下民粹主義的興起,之前隱藏在民間的選舉道義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)邏輯逐漸走到了臺(tái)前,直接挑戰(zhàn)兩國(guó)精英的話語權(quán)。盡管擁有下層人民忠實(shí)有力的支持,這兩人最后均因涉嫌貪腐而被迫下臺(tái)。在菲律賓,阿基諾三世(Benigno S.Aquino III)作為精英改革者的成功掌權(quán)標(biāo)志著民粹主義的式微,卻也帶來了新威權(quán)主義的抬頭。在泰國(guó),他信雄厚的選民基礎(chǔ)迫使精英階層求助于軍隊(duì),期望借軍事政變和憲政改革推遲選舉,從而消減他信的影響。這表明選舉主義道義經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的民主邏輯在泰國(guó)已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到國(guó)家層面,成為了一股強(qiáng)大勢(shì)力。
[Abstract]:In the Philippines and Thailand, there are two distinct contexts for democracy: one is the denunciation of "vote-buying"-style electoral corruption at the level of national elites; One is that in local practice, politicians are judged mainly on the extent to which they benefit the voter community and protect the rights and interests of the local poor. This kind of symbiotic voting based on the vulnerable community can be called "electionalism moral economics". With the rise of populism under Philippine President Joseph Estrada (Joseph E.Estrada) and Thai Prime Minister Thaksin (Thaksin Shinawatra), the moral and economic logic of elections, previously hidden among the people, has gradually come to the fore. Directly challenge the voice of the elites of the two countries. Despite the loyal and strong support of the lower classes, both were eventually forced to step down on suspicion of corruption. In the Philippines, the success of Benigno S.Aquino III as an elite reformer marked the decline of populism but also the rise of new authoritarianism. In Thailand, Mr. Thaksin's strong voter base has forced the elite to turn to the military in hopes of delaying elections through military coups and constitutional reforms, thereby reducing Mr. Thaksin's influence. This shows that the democratic logic of electoral moral economics has spread to the national level and become a powerful force in Thailand.
【作者單位】： 香港城市大學(xué)東南亞研究中心;
【分類號(hào)】：D733.6;D734.1

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1 龐彬彬;特朗普2016總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選中的民粹主義表現(xiàn)[D];北京第二外國(guó)語學(xué)院;2017年

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