越南革新開放以來政治文明建設(shè)研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-13 16:24
【摘要】：20世紀80年代末90年代初的蘇東劇變,給社會主義的理論與實踐帶來了巨大的沖擊。蘇聯(lián)解體說明以政治體制上高度集權(quán)、經(jīng)濟體制高度計劃為特征的斯大林模式的失敗,其他社會主義國家對此進行了深刻反思,并進行了一系列的政治、經(jīng)濟和社會改革。越南作為中國的重要鄰邦,也是當今世界上五個共產(chǎn)黨執(zhí)政的社會主義國家之一,越南革新開放25年以來,在社會主義政治文明建設(shè)的理論和實踐方面與時俱進、勇于創(chuàng)新,對社會主義理論認識突破較大、實踐政治革新的步伐邁得較快,展現(xiàn)了較強的活力。如國會代表實行差額直接選舉；國會實行質(zhì)詢制度,問政能力日益增強；國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)實行適度分權(quán)、均衡配置,避免權(quán)力的過分集中；實行黨的中央委員會委員和總書記等重要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)差額選舉；中央委員會實行質(zhì)詢制度,對中央政治局和書記處進行監(jiān)督等等。 本文運用政治文明的理論框架,從政治文化文明、政治制度文明、政治行為文明這三方面分析研究越南的政治文明建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗和啟示。文章主體部分的內(nèi)容如下： 第一,越南革新開放以來政治文明建設(shè)的歷史背景和進程。首先,梳理越南政治文明建設(shè)啟動之前的國內(nèi)內(nèi)政外交政策失誤,國際上失去蘇聯(lián)外援等歷史背景。其次,越南政治文明建設(shè)的歷史進程,本文以幾個重要歷史事件將其劃分兩大階段：1.越共六大到八大,越南政治體制改革的啟動和發(fā)展(1986年——2000年),其中越共六大宣布實行革新開放,標志越南政治體制改革的正式啟動；1992年越南國會修改憲法,國會代表由等額間接選舉改為差額直接選舉,越南政治體制改革邁出重要一步。2.越共九大至十一大,越南政治體制改革的加速和深化(2001年—2011年),其中越共九大擴大黨內(nèi)民主,進一步深化政治體制改革；越共十大差額選舉越共中央總書記,政治體制改革加速前行。 第二,越南革新開放以來政治文明建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗。首先,從高度重視馬克思主義理論的研究與創(chuàng)新、注重道德模范示范意義、培養(yǎng)公民文化這幾個方面總結(jié)其政治文化文明的經(jīng)驗。其次,從選舉制度、政黨制度、行政制度和監(jiān)督制度等方面歸納其政治制度文明建設(shè)經(jīng)驗。最后,從政治決策、政治管理、政治參與三個方面概括其政治行為文明建設(shè)經(jīng)驗。 第三,越南革新開放以來政治文明建設(shè)的啟示。通過研究和分析越南政治文明建設(shè)的經(jīng)驗,本文歸納出有益于中國社會主義政治文明建設(shè)的幾點啟示：高度重視馬克思主義理論的研究與創(chuàng)新；改革人大代表的選舉辦法,建立健全人大的監(jiān)督制度；黨內(nèi)民主建設(shè)的關(guān)鍵在于構(gòu)建和完善黨內(nèi)民主機制；保障公民積極有序的政治參與,完善利益表達渠道；立法建制,通過制度預(yù)防和治理腐敗。
[Abstract]:The drastic changes in the Soviet Union and East Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s brought great impact to the theory and practice of socialism. The disintegration of the Soviet Union showed the failure of Stalin's model characterized by a highly centralized political system and a highly planned economic system. Other socialist countries deeply reflected on this and carried out a series of political, economic and social reforms. Vietnam, as an important neighbor of China, is also one of the five socialist countries in the world where the Communist Party is in power. Since its reform and opening up 25 years ago, Vietnam has kept pace with the times in the theory and practice of the construction of socialist political civilization and has the courage to innovate. Great breakthrough in the understanding of socialist theory, rapid pace of practical political innovation, showing a strong vitality. For example, the direct election of deputies to the National Assembly, the introduction of a system of inquiry in the National Assembly, the increasing ability to ask questions, the moderate separation of powers and the balanced allocation of national leadership, and the avoidance of excessive concentration of power; The CPC Central Committee shall elect members of the CPC Central Committee and other important leading posts, and the Central Committee shall conduct a system of inquiry and supervision over the political Bureau and the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, and so on. Using the theoretical framework of political civilization, this paper analyzes the experience and enlightenment of the construction of political civilization in Vietnam from three aspects: political cultural civilization, political system civilization and political behavior civilization. The main contents are as follows: first, the historical background and process of political civilization construction since Vietnam's reform and opening. First of all, combing Vietnam's political civilization before the start of domestic internal and foreign policy mistakes, the international loss of Soviet Union foreign aid and other historical background. Secondly, the historical process of Vietnam's political civilization construction is divided into two stages by several important historical events: 1. The initiation and development of the political system reform of Vietnam (1986-2000), in which the sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam announced the implementation of innovation and opening, marking the official start of the reform of the political system of Vietnam; Vietnam's political system reform took an important step forward in 1992 when Vietnam's parliament amended its constitution and changed the number of deputies from equal indirect elections to direct elections. From the Ninth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam to the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the reform of the political system in Vietnam accelerated and deepened (2001-2011), in which the Ninth Congress of the CPV expanded inner-party democracy and further deepened the reform of the political system; The top ten of the CPV elected General Secretary of the CPV Central Committee and accelerated the reform of the political system. Second, Vietnam's experience in building political civilization since the reform and opening up. First of all, we should attach great importance to the research and innovation of Marxist theory, pay attention to the demonstration meaning of moral model, and sum up the experience of political and cultural civilization from the following aspects: cultivating citizen culture. Secondly, from the election system, the political party system, the administrative system and the supervision system and so on, summarizes its political system civilization construction experience. Finally, the experience of political behavior civilization construction is summarized from three aspects: political decision-making, political management and political participation. Thirdly, the enlightenment of the construction of political civilization since Vietnam's reform and opening up. By studying and analyzing the experience of political civilization construction in Vietnam, this paper sums up some enlightenments beneficial to the construction of Chinese socialist political civilization: attaching great importance to the research and innovation of Marxist theory; Reform the election method of the deputies to the people's Congress, establish and perfect the supervision system of the people's Congress, construct and perfect the democratic mechanism within the party, guarantee the citizens' active and orderly political participation, perfect the channel of interest expression; Legislative system, through the system to prevent and control corruption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D733.3
本文編號：2376838
[Abstract]:The drastic changes in the Soviet Union and East Europe in the late 1980s and early 1990s brought great impact to the theory and practice of socialism. The disintegration of the Soviet Union showed the failure of Stalin's model characterized by a highly centralized political system and a highly planned economic system. Other socialist countries deeply reflected on this and carried out a series of political, economic and social reforms. Vietnam, as an important neighbor of China, is also one of the five socialist countries in the world where the Communist Party is in power. Since its reform and opening up 25 years ago, Vietnam has kept pace with the times in the theory and practice of the construction of socialist political civilization and has the courage to innovate. Great breakthrough in the understanding of socialist theory, rapid pace of practical political innovation, showing a strong vitality. For example, the direct election of deputies to the National Assembly, the introduction of a system of inquiry in the National Assembly, the increasing ability to ask questions, the moderate separation of powers and the balanced allocation of national leadership, and the avoidance of excessive concentration of power; The CPC Central Committee shall elect members of the CPC Central Committee and other important leading posts, and the Central Committee shall conduct a system of inquiry and supervision over the political Bureau and the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, and so on. Using the theoretical framework of political civilization, this paper analyzes the experience and enlightenment of the construction of political civilization in Vietnam from three aspects: political cultural civilization, political system civilization and political behavior civilization. The main contents are as follows: first, the historical background and process of political civilization construction since Vietnam's reform and opening. First of all, combing Vietnam's political civilization before the start of domestic internal and foreign policy mistakes, the international loss of Soviet Union foreign aid and other historical background. Secondly, the historical process of Vietnam's political civilization construction is divided into two stages by several important historical events: 1. The initiation and development of the political system reform of Vietnam (1986-2000), in which the sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam announced the implementation of innovation and opening, marking the official start of the reform of the political system of Vietnam; Vietnam's political system reform took an important step forward in 1992 when Vietnam's parliament amended its constitution and changed the number of deputies from equal indirect elections to direct elections. From the Ninth Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam to the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the reform of the political system in Vietnam accelerated and deepened (2001-2011), in which the Ninth Congress of the CPV expanded inner-party democracy and further deepened the reform of the political system; The top ten of the CPV elected General Secretary of the CPV Central Committee and accelerated the reform of the political system. Second, Vietnam's experience in building political civilization since the reform and opening up. First of all, we should attach great importance to the research and innovation of Marxist theory, pay attention to the demonstration meaning of moral model, and sum up the experience of political and cultural civilization from the following aspects: cultivating citizen culture. Secondly, from the election system, the political party system, the administrative system and the supervision system and so on, summarizes its political system civilization construction experience. Finally, the experience of political behavior civilization construction is summarized from three aspects: political decision-making, political management and political participation. Thirdly, the enlightenment of the construction of political civilization since Vietnam's reform and opening up. By studying and analyzing the experience of political civilization construction in Vietnam, this paper sums up some enlightenments beneficial to the construction of Chinese socialist political civilization: attaching great importance to the research and innovation of Marxist theory; Reform the election method of the deputies to the people's Congress, establish and perfect the supervision system of the people's Congress, construct and perfect the democratic mechanism within the party, guarantee the citizens' active and orderly political participation, perfect the channel of interest expression; Legislative system, through the system to prevent and control corruption.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D733.3
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