英國工黨政府1997年以來的福利制度改革研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-10 07:06
【摘要】： 本文論述的是英國工黨政府福利制度改革。1997年布萊爾領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的工黨①上臺以后,在“第三條道路”的福利思想指導(dǎo)下,對英國福利制度進(jìn)行了改革,其做法有別于創(chuàng)立福利國家的老工黨和進(jìn)行福利制度改革的保守黨(以撒切爾政府為代表的保守黨)。在福利國家的創(chuàng)立和改革中,老工黨和保守黨都沒有平衡好公平與效率的關(guān)系,前者追求公平忽視了效率,后者注重效率卻忽視了公平。到20世紀(jì)90年代,英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)狀態(tài)發(fā)生了許多重大變化,為應(yīng)對各種挑戰(zhàn),1997年后執(zhí)政的新工黨政府對福利制度進(jìn)行了大幅改革。 文章運(yùn)用比較分析、歷史分析和實(shí)證分析等研究方法,對英國福利制度的歷史變遷作了梳理,在此基礎(chǔ)之上對英國工黨政府的福利制度改革進(jìn)行了研究,并提出了對我國福利制度建設(shè)的幾點(diǎn)啟示。文章的框架結(jié)構(gòu)如下: 引言:概述了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對英國新工黨政府福利制度改革的研究現(xiàn)狀,指出了本論文研究的學(xué)術(shù)價(jià)值及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,提出了論文的設(shè)計(jì)框架。 論文主體由以下四個(gè)部分組成: 第一部分概述了英國福利制度的確立和發(fā)展,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了保守黨政府福利制度改革的原因及成效。 第二部分分析了工黨在1997年上臺后福利制度改革的原因。其原因主要有六個(gè)方面,一是克服福利依賴文化和留住人才的需要,二是應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展緩慢的需要,三是應(yīng)對家庭結(jié)構(gòu)和家庭關(guān)系變化的需要,四是應(yīng)對社會(huì)老齡化的需要,五是應(yīng)對經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化發(fā)展的需要,六是應(yīng)對知識經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要。 第三部分闡述了工黨政府福利制度改革的思想理論基礎(chǔ)及政策措施。其思想理論基礎(chǔ)是“第三條道路”的福利思想,政策措施主要有工作福利、消除兒童貧困、教育和培訓(xùn)政策、醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系改革和養(yǎng)老金制度改革五個(gè)方面。 第四部分,在上述三部分的基礎(chǔ)之上提出了工黨政府福利制度改革對我國的幾點(diǎn)啟示。
[Abstract]:This paper deals with the reform of the welfare system of the British Labour Party. After the Labour Party led by Blair came to power in 1997, under the guidance of the welfare thought of "the third way", the British welfare system was reformed. It differs from the old Labour Party, which created the welfare state, and the Conservative Party, which reformed the welfare system (represented by the Thatcher government). In the creation and reform of the welfare state, neither the Old Labour Party nor the Conservative Party has balanced the relationship between fairness and efficiency. The former pursues fairness and neglects efficiency, while the latter pays attention to efficiency but neglects fairness. By the 1990s, many important changes had taken place in Britain's economic and social conditions. In order to cope with various challenges, the New Labour Government in power after 1997 carried out a substantial reform of the welfare system. By using the methods of comparative analysis, historical analysis and empirical analysis, this paper combs the historical changes of the British welfare system, and on the basis of this, studies the welfare system reform of the British Labour government. And put forward to our country welfare system construction several enlightenment. The structure of the article is as follows: introduction: this paper summarizes the current situation of the research on the reform of the welfare system of the British New Labour Party, points out the academic value and practical significance of this paper, and puts forward the design framework of the paper. The main body of the thesis consists of the following four parts: the first part summarizes the establishment and development of the welfare system in Britain, and then analyzes the causes and effects of the reform of the Tory government welfare system. The second part analyzes the reasons for the reform of the welfare system after the Labour Party came to power in 1997. There are six main reasons for this: first, to overcome the need to rely on a culture of welfare dependence and to retain talent; second, to cope with the needs of slow economic development; third, to cope with the needs of changes in family structure and family relations; and fourth, to cope with the needs of an aging society. Fifth, to meet the needs of the development of economic globalization, sixth, to meet the needs of the development of knowledge economy. The third part expounds the ideological and theoretical basis and policy measures of the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system. Its ideological and theoretical foundation is the welfare thought of "the third way". The policy measures mainly include work welfare, poverty eradication, education and training policy, medical service system reform and pension system reform. The fourth part, on the basis of the above three parts, puts forward some enlightenments to our country from the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D756.1
本文編號：2321738
[Abstract]:This paper deals with the reform of the welfare system of the British Labour Party. After the Labour Party led by Blair came to power in 1997, under the guidance of the welfare thought of "the third way", the British welfare system was reformed. It differs from the old Labour Party, which created the welfare state, and the Conservative Party, which reformed the welfare system (represented by the Thatcher government). In the creation and reform of the welfare state, neither the Old Labour Party nor the Conservative Party has balanced the relationship between fairness and efficiency. The former pursues fairness and neglects efficiency, while the latter pays attention to efficiency but neglects fairness. By the 1990s, many important changes had taken place in Britain's economic and social conditions. In order to cope with various challenges, the New Labour Government in power after 1997 carried out a substantial reform of the welfare system. By using the methods of comparative analysis, historical analysis and empirical analysis, this paper combs the historical changes of the British welfare system, and on the basis of this, studies the welfare system reform of the British Labour government. And put forward to our country welfare system construction several enlightenment. The structure of the article is as follows: introduction: this paper summarizes the current situation of the research on the reform of the welfare system of the British New Labour Party, points out the academic value and practical significance of this paper, and puts forward the design framework of the paper. The main body of the thesis consists of the following four parts: the first part summarizes the establishment and development of the welfare system in Britain, and then analyzes the causes and effects of the reform of the Tory government welfare system. The second part analyzes the reasons for the reform of the welfare system after the Labour Party came to power in 1997. There are six main reasons for this: first, to overcome the need to rely on a culture of welfare dependence and to retain talent; second, to cope with the needs of slow economic development; third, to cope with the needs of changes in family structure and family relations; and fourth, to cope with the needs of an aging society. Fifth, to meet the needs of the development of economic globalization, sixth, to meet the needs of the development of knowledge economy. The third part expounds the ideological and theoretical basis and policy measures of the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system. Its ideological and theoretical foundation is the welfare thought of "the third way". The policy measures mainly include work welfare, poverty eradication, education and training policy, medical service system reform and pension system reform. The fourth part, on the basis of the above three parts, puts forward some enlightenments to our country from the reform of the Labor Party's government welfare system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2009
【分類號】：D756.1
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