英法憲政民主道路差異的歷史成因
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-02 11:59
【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型的進(jìn)程中,英法兩國(guó)走上了不同的民主道路。英國(guó)在長(zhǎng)期不斷的憲政改革之下,率先建立了現(xiàn)代民主體制;而法國(guó)則從18世紀(jì)法國(guó)大革命起,歷經(jīng)數(shù)次革命和復(fù)辟,終在19世紀(jì)末確立起民主共和政體,其歷程的復(fù)雜性、曲折性和長(zhǎng)期性更為世所罕見。漸進(jìn)的英國(guó)民主道路較好地保留了傳統(tǒng)政體中的有利因素,保持了政治穩(wěn)定,避免出現(xiàn)社會(huì)大動(dòng)蕩;而激進(jìn)的法國(guó)民主化則徹底重塑了政治體制,社會(huì)秩序在流血沖突中被打破、重塑。究其原因,兩國(guó)不同的歷史背景和民族特性是主要影響因素。英國(guó)獨(dú)特的歷史情境和傳統(tǒng)體制中的現(xiàn)代力量使得英國(guó)政治更適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代民主制度,因此,相較于法國(guó),英國(guó)的民主道路顯得更為順暢與平和。
[Abstract]:In the process of modernization transformation, Britain and France have embarked on different democratic paths. Under the long-term constitutional reform, Britain took the lead in establishing the modern democratic system. France, on the other hand, experienced several revolutions and revolutions from the 18th century, and finally established a democratic republic at the end of the 19th century. The complexity, tortuosity and long-term nature of the process are even more rare in the world. The gradual path of British democracy preserves the favorable factors in the traditional system of government, maintains political stability and avoids great social unrest. The radical democratization of France completely reshaped the political system, and the social order was broken and reshaped in the bloody conflict. The main influencing factors are the different historical background and national characteristics of the two countries. The unique historical situation and the modern power in the traditional system make the British politics adapt to the modern democracy system. Therefore, compared with France, the British democratic road is smoother and more peaceful.
【作者單位】： 華中師范大學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)村研究院;
【分類號(hào)】：D756.1;D756.5
[Abstract]:In the process of modernization transformation, Britain and France have embarked on different democratic paths. Under the long-term constitutional reform, Britain took the lead in establishing the modern democratic system. France, on the other hand, experienced several revolutions and revolutions from the 18th century, and finally established a democratic republic at the end of the 19th century. The complexity, tortuosity and long-term nature of the process are even more rare in the world. The gradual path of British democracy preserves the favorable factors in the traditional system of government, maintains political stability and avoids great social unrest. The radical democratization of France completely reshaped the political system, and the social order was broken and reshaped in the bloody conflict. The main influencing factors are the different historical background and national characteristics of the two countries. The unique historical situation and the modern power in the traditional system make the British politics adapt to the modern democracy system. Therefore, compared with France, the British democratic road is smoother and more peaceful.
【作者單位】： 華中師范大學(xué)中國(guó)農(nóng)村研究院;
【分類號(hào)】：D756.1;D756.5
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1 齊敏光;;回溯走向現(xiàn)代化的路徑——讀《民主和專制的社會(huì)起源》一書隨感[J];中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)研究生學(xué)報(bào);2012年01期
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